上海水磨

Relevant units directly under the municipal government and relevant units in communication:

The government procurement budget is an important part of the departmental budget, and it is an annual government procurement plan prepared by the unit according to the career development plan and administrative tasks, and purchasing goods, projects and services with financial funds. In order to strengthen the management of government procurement budget and standardize the implementation of government procurement budget, according to the Government Procurement Law and its implementing regulations, the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Catalogue and Standards of Centralized Government Procurement in Jiangsu Province in 2021 (Su Cai Gou [2020] No.66), etc., we hereby notify you of the preparation and implementation of government procurement budget in 2021 as follows:

I. Principles of compilation

(a) should be compiled. The government procurement budget should cover all purchase expenditure projects of the department, including centralized procurement and decentralized procurement. Goods, projects and services purchased by all units with financial funds shall be fully included in the compilation scope of government procurement budget, and shall not be omitted or underreported.

(2) Standard preparation. All units shall, according to the Catalogue of Centralized Government Procurement in Jiangsu Province in 2021 (see Annex 1, hereinafter referred to as the Catalogue of Centralized Procurement), the Catalogue of Government Procurement in Online Shopping Mall in Nantong City (see Annex 2, hereinafter referred to as the Catalogue of Centralized Procurement in Online Shopping Mall) and the Catalogue of Centralized Procurement in Education Department of Nantong City at the corresponding level in 2021 (see Annex 3), determine the attributes of procurement items, and classify them according to goods, projects and services.

(3) Reasonable preparation. Each unit shall, according to its annual procurement demand, make a reasonable government procurement budget. For the government procurement projects that need to be paid across years, the government procurement shall be implemented according to the approved total project investment, and the "government procurement budget for the current year" shall be compiled according to the estimated implementation number of the current year; For government procurement projects that have been purchased in previous years and paid in years, the "government procurement carry-over budget" shall be compiled according to the amount payable in the current year as agreed in the contract.

(4) Simultaneous preparation. The government procurement budget is an integral part of the departmental budget, which should be prepared and declared simultaneously with the municipal departmental budget.

Second, the editorial requirements

(1) Catalogue and standards of centralized government procurement

1. Centralized Procurement Catalogue: A unified centralized procurement catalogue of the whole province will be implemented from 2021 (only including goods and services, the same below, see Annex 1 for details), in which: eight items of the province-wide linkage agreement supply (fixed-point procurement) are "servers, computers, printers, firewalls, intrusion detection equipment, security audit equipment, official vehicles (including passenger cars and buses) and motor vehicle insurance services".

The centralized procurement projects of the education department (see Annex 3 for details) shall be determined by the Municipal Education Bureau in combination with the business characteristics of this system, and shall be implemented after being submitted by our bureau to the Provincial Department of Finance for the record.

2. Government procurement quota standard (hereinafter referred to as "quota standard"): the quota standard for centralized procurement and decentralized procurement of goods and services is 300,000 yuan (inclusive, the same below), and the quota standard for decentralized procurement of engineering projects is 600,000 yuan (inclusive, the same below).

3. Amount standard of public bidding: The amount standard of public bidding for goods, services and engineering projects is 4 million yuan (inclusive, the same below), in which: if the engineering and goods and services related to engineering construction are purchased by bidding, the provisions of the Bidding Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and its implementation regulations shall apply; Where other procurement methods are adopted, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Municipal Government Procurement Law and its implementing regulations shall apply.

(2) Compilation points

1. For the procurement items within the centralized procurement catalogue, if the budget amount of single item or batch reaches the quota standard (300,000 yuan), the government procurement budget shall be prepared, and the procurement type shall be "centralized government procurement", in which: for the procurement items listed in the province’s linkage agreement supply catalogue, if the budget amount of single item or batch is 300-1 million yuan (excluding), the procurement method shall be "agreement supply"; For the procurement items listed in the centralized procurement catalogue of the education department, if the budget amount of individual items and batches reaches the quota standard, the government procurement budget should be compiled, and the procurement type is "centralized procurement by departments". If the quota standard is insufficient, the government procurement budget should not be compiled.

Within the centralized procurement catalogue, the single or batch budget amount is less than the quota standard, and the items listed in the online shopping mall procurement catalogue (Annex 2) should also be compiled with the government procurement budget, the procurement type is "decentralized procurement by units" and the procurement method is "online shopping mall"; If other standards are insufficient, the government procurement budget is not prepared, and the methods and procedures stipulated in the government procurement law may not be implemented. The purchaser shall organize the implementation by himself in accordance with the relevant budgetary expenditure management regulations and the internal control management system of the unit.

2. For procurement projects (including projects) outside the centralized procurement catalogue, if the budget amount of individual and batch reaches the limit standard, the government procurement budget should be prepared, and the procurement type is "decentralized procurement by units"; If the quota standard is insufficient, the government procurement budget is not prepared, and the methods and procedures stipulated in the government procurement law may not be implemented. The purchaser shall organize the implementation by himself in accordance with the relevant budgetary expenditure management regulations and the internal control management system of the unit.

3. Compilation of procurement methods: The financial integration budgeting system automatically identifies and solidifies the procurement budget amount and compiles it into two categories: "public bidding" and "non-public bidding". The province’s linkage agreement supply (fixed-point procurement) and online shopping mall procurement are compiled by the unit to the corresponding final procurement method (agreement supply and online shopping mall).

4. Some commonly used office equipment configuration standards shall be implemented according to the provisions of Annex 6 of the Notice on Preparing the Municipal Budget in 2021 (T.C.Y.Y. [2020] No.20).

(3) Editing contents and procedures

1. Government procurement budget for the current year

Units in the department budget in 2021 "a" control number, the preparation of "government procurement budget for the year". Check whether the basic expenditure needs government procurement in the "departmental budget database" of the financial integration budgeting system, and check whether the project expenditure needs government procurement in the "project database". If "Yes" is selected, the project library information such as purchasing total investment of the project, item, unit price, quantity, amount, purchasing type and method, planned purchasing time, etc. shall be filled in corresponding to the specified centralized purchasing catalogue, quota standard, asset allocation budget standard and open bidding amount standard. And further corresponding to specific procurement projects, choose whether to "set aside to support innovative procurement" or "set aside to support the procurement of small and medium-sized enterprises" (set aside for small and medium-sized enterprises should not be less than 30% of the government procurement budget this year, and the proportion set aside for small and micro enterprises should not be less than 60%, the same below).

The government procurement project library is permanently stored in the system regardless of annual carry-over, and the completed projects and unfinished projects are distinguished according to the payment by installments.

2. Improve the "government procurement carry-over budget"

For the procurement items that the unit fails to include in the "government procurement carry-over budget" on the first day of 2021 due to special reasons, the "government procurement carry-over budget" shall be supplemented according to the amount to be paid in 2021 as agreed in the filing contract. For the procurement items that have been included in the "government procurement carry-over budget" but the funds have been paid, the "government procurement carry-over budget" will be reduced according to the paid amount.

3. Financial examination and approval

The financial business department examines and determines the project items, allocation standards, total budget and estimated payment in 2021, whether to reserve share procurement, planned procurement time, etc. of the "government procurement budget for the current year"; According to the contract, review and determine the payment amount of "government procurement carry-over budget" in 2021.

The Financial Procurement Department reviews and determines the items, procurement types, procurement methods, and whether to reserve share procurement in the "Government Procurement Budget for the current year".

The Finance and Budget Department finally determines the project budget according to the estimated payment in 2021 in the "Government Procurement Current Year Budget" and "Government Procurement Carry-over Budget" preliminarily reviewed by the Business Department and the Procurement Department.

(4) Centralized procurement plan of non-departmental budget units

Non-departmental budget units such as resident units and municipal hospitals that apply to be included in the centralized procurement of the municipal government should submit this year’s centralized procurement schedule to the government procurement management office of our bureau and the public resource trading center (the municipal government procurement center) before March 31, 2021, listing the items, amounts, planned procurement time, procurement methods to be selected, whether to "set aside to support innovative procurement" and "set aside to support the procurement of small and medium-sized enterprises".

Iii. Budget implementation

Government procurement budget implementation should implement "no budget, over budget, no procurement; Have a budget, purchase early and purchase quickly, comply with the relevant provisions that do not hinder fair competition and optimize the business environment, and organize procurement in accordance with legal procedures. Government procurement agencies should conduct audits and provide professional services according to laws and regulations.

(1) Time requirements for procurement execution

1 units received the "second" government procurement budget, should be organized and implemented before the third quarter of that year, October 31st each year as the deadline for organizing the implementation of government procurement, in principle, no longer submit government procurement plans and organize government procurement from November.

2. In order to ensure the timely completion of government procurement, the unit should reserve sufficient time to organize procurement in advance, so as to prevent the procurement project from being completed on schedule due to the handling of procurement disputes such as queries and complaints.

(2) Organization and implementation of procurement

The government procurement budget of the unit, after examination and approval, is the basis for the implementation of the annual government procurement budget application.

1. Implementation of centralized procurement project budget: for the province-wide linkage agreement supply (fixed-point procurement) project, the unit will conduct the second bidding procurement within the scope of commodity suppliers with provincial agreement supply (fixed-point procurement) announced by the provincial government procurement network [in which: after the insurance purchased by each unit according to the Notice on Determining the Insurance Company for Purchasing Official Cars (Tong Ji Guan [2020] No.2) expires, the motor vehicle will be supplied (fixed-point procurement) according to the above-mentioned provincial agreement again. The centralized procurement project of the education department shall be submitted by the education system unit to the Municipal Education Technology Center for procurement; The remaining centralized government procurement projects shall be submitted by the unit to the centralized government procurement agency for procurement.

In communication units and municipal hospitals and other non-departmental budget units, to apply for inclusion in the centralized procurement of the municipal government, they must fill in the Application Form for the Implementation of the Centralized Procurement Plan (in triplicate, the sample form is downloaded in the column of "Guide to Work-Guide to Business-Government Procurement" of Nantong Public Resource Trading Platform), and submit it to the Financial Procurement Department for editing and pushing the Municipal Public Resource Trading Center (the municipal government procurement center) to organize procurement.

For goods and services with common requirements for office equipment with uniform standards or procurement units, centralized procurement institutions shall organize centralized procurement with quantity, give play to the advantages of scale, reduce procurement costs and improve procurement efficiency.

Purchasing units can entrust centralized purchasing institutions to organize centralized purchasing activities without being limited by administrative regions and budget management levels. Centralized procurement institutions should strengthen professional capacity building and adapt to the competition mechanism.

2. Implementation of decentralized procurement project budget of the unit: the unit organizes procurement by itself or entrusts the government procurement agency to organize procurement within the scope of entrustment (signing an agency agreement).

Goods below the quota standard and in the online shopping mall procurement catalogue shall be implemented according to the Notice on Further Standardizing and Strengthening the Government Procurement of Online Shopping Mall (No.23 [2020] of Tongcai Purchase). If the online shopping mall can’t meet the procurement needs of the unit, it shall purchase the same low-priced goods from offline and purchase the goods by self-bidding, and submit the approval documents or screenshots of the same goods at the same time in the online shopping mall, and report them to the Financial Procurement Department for review and change.

Decentralized procurement projects with a budget of more than 5 million yuan, high social concern and close relationship with social public interests or public safety, procurement units should give priority to entrusting centralized government procurement agencies to purchase on their behalf.

3. Secret-related government procurement: It shall be implemented in accordance with the Notice on Forwarding the Interim Measures for the Administration of Secret-related Government Procurement (Tong Cai Gou [2019] No.24) and relevant regulations.

(3) Determination of procurement methods

1. All government procurement projects with single and batch budgets reaching the standard of public bidding amount shall be purchased by public bidding, and the projects that should be purchased by public bidding shall not be broken into parts or evaded by other means.

If the unit needs to apply for public bidding to change to non-public bidding procurement mode due to special circumstances, it shall fill in the Application Form for Change of Government Procurement Mode (in triplicate, the sample form is downloaded in the column of "Service Guide-Business Guide-Government Procurement" of Nantong Municipal Government Procurement Network), and the difference (before and during) shall be reported to the Financial Procurement Department for approval after being examined and signed by the competent budget unit or centralized procurement institution. Which intends to use a single source procurement, must first organize expert argumentation, and submitted to the financial procurement department to push the provincial government procurement network publicity for 5 working days without objection after approval.

2 individual and batch budget amount does not meet the standard of public bidding amount of government procurement projects, you can use non-public bidding procurement, you can also choose public bidding. Among them: the procurement method of the items in the centralized procurement catalogue shall be determined by the procurement unit in consultation with the centralized procurement organization when purchasing; The procurement method of centralized procurement projects by the education department shall be determined by the procurement unit of the education system at the time of procurement execution. The procurement method of projects outside the centralized procurement catalogue shall be determined by the purchaser independently according to law or by the government procurement agency (if the project adopts the bidding method, it shall be organized and implemented according to the relevant management requirements of project bidding).

For the following items with the standard amount of public bidding, if it is planned to adopt single-source procurement, it must first organize experts to demonstrate and publicize them for 5 working days without objection [the publicity template is downloaded from the "service guide-business guide-government procurement" download column of Nantong public resource trading platform (municipal government procurement network), and it will be organized and implemented after the approval of the competent budget unit.

(4) Adjustment of procurement budget

After the departmental budget is issued, the government procurement budget shall not be adjusted in principle. If it is really necessary to adjust due to special reasons, it shall be implemented in accordance with the budget adjustment process. Under normal circumstances, the government procurement budget allowed to be adjusted only includes "supplementary budget for inter-annual payment" and "supplementary budget for special subsidies".

1. Supplementary budget for new year’s payment: procurement was implemented in 2020, but it could not be included in the "Government Procurement Carry-over Budget" when the contract was not signed. When payment is needed in 2021, the unit will submit the bid-winning notice, contract and fund payment application to the financial business department, which will add the new year’s payment budget and issue indicators according to the expenditure in 2021 agreed in the contract.

2. Supplementary budget for special subsidies: If special subsidies are added in mid-2021 (including those included in provincial and municipal special projects such as municipal government-invested construction projects, smart cities and informatization projects) involving government procurement, in principle, the project library will be compiled first, and then the indicators will be issued according to the purchase transaction (winning bid) amount; Involving provincial funds have issued a time limit, you can first issue indicators, after the preparation of government procurement project library for procurement.

Prepare the project library first, and then release the indicators: declare the corresponding project library when preparing to organize government procurement, and file the contract after the procurement is completed and the contract is publicized; At the same time, the letter of acceptance, the contract and the application for payment of funds will be submitted to the financial business department, which will make additional payment budget and issue indicators according to the expenditure in 2021 agreed in the contract.

(V) Continuation of procurement facilitation measures

1. Centralized procurement: Documentary procurement of the same goods within 6 months: If the goods to be purchased are in standard configuration and have standard quota, and are consistent with the recent procurement results of centralized procurement institutions (including the Municipal Education Technology Center), documentary procurement can be selected, and the documentary time shall not exceed the "announcement of the bid-winning (transaction) result of centralized procurement for 6 months, and the documentary quantity and unit price shall not exceed the number and bid-winning (transaction) price of centralized procurement. The number and transaction unit price of the "Announcement of Winning Bid (Transaction) Results" and "Announcement of Contract" (screenshots, as purchasing basis and reimbursement voucher) issued by the municipal public resource trading platform (municipal government procurement network) within 6 months as the upper limit directly sign the supply agreement with the corresponding winning bid (transaction) supplier.

2. Contract renewal of some service projects: for projects with strong inter-annual continuity, such as "property management", which are purchased and concluded by the municipal public resources trading center (the municipal government procurement center), the contract can be renewed after the expiration of the contract, provided that the supplier promises not to increase the service fee except for the policy capital increase, if both the purchaser and the supplier voluntarily apply (with the original contract attached) and the contract is audited by the Financial Procurement Office.

In the grasp of renewable projects, it is necessary to highlight the characteristics of "strong continuity" between projects. Decentralized procurement projects of the same company can be implemented with reference to the above process.

(six) standardize the contract announcement, filing and payment according to the contract

The unit shall, within 2 working days from the date of signing the contract, make a contract announcement in Nantong public resource trading platform (municipal government procurement network); The contract shall be filed in the financial integration system within 7 working days. If the payment conditions agreed in the contract are met, the procurement unit shall, within 15 days after receiving the invoice, apply to the national treasury for centralized payment of the corresponding purchase funds to the supplier account agreed in the contract from the "filed application for payment" entrance of the financial integration system, and shall not delay payment on the grounds of institutional change, personnel turnover, policy adjustment, etc., and shall not take the obligations not stipulated in the procurement documents and the contract as the conditions for payment to the supplier.

IV. Relevant requirements

(1) Establish and improve the procurement internal control management system. The competent budget unit should establish and improve the internal decision-making mechanism of government procurement matters in its own department, improve the internal control management system of government procurement, clarify the post authority and responsibility, and strengthen internal audit and discipline inspection and supervision. The purchaser shall specify the organization responsible for government procurement or provide full-time procurement personnel, and strengthen internal control and risk management on the links and processes of determining procurement demand, implementing procurement policies, selecting procurement methods, selecting evaluation experts, publicizing procurement information, organizing queries, signing procurement contracts, organizing performance acceptance, etc., so as to ensure that the procurement results achieve relevant performance and policy objectives.

(2) Implementing the functions of government procurement policies. All units should actively implement the "Government Procurement Law" and its implementing regulations, and other policy functional provisions on government procurement to achieve energy conservation, environmental protection, poverty alleviation, scientific and technological innovation and promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and prison enterprises, embed procurement policy objectives in budget performance objectives, improve the implementation mechanism of procurement policies such as reserved expenditure ratio and demand standard management, and clarify specific requirements for supplier qualifications, technology, services, safety, quality and performance conditions. By reserving purchasing share, compulsory purchasing, giving priority to purchasing, first purchasing, ordering and other measures, the support of government procurement for scientific and technological innovation, green development, integration of defense and civilian technologies, poverty alleviation and the development of small and medium-sized enterprises is reflected.

Commissioned by the government procurement agency procurement, should clearly make and review the procurement documents to implement the provisions of the government procurement policy requirements.

Municipal universities and scientific research institutes purchase equipment and consumables urgently needed for scientific research, and adopt the procurement mechanism of special affairs and on-site handling, which may not be handled according to the government procurement bidding procedures. The purchase of general goods and services needed for scientific research is not limited by the standard of self-purchase quota; For the major innovative products and services needed for the first purchase and first use of scientific research, the procurement can be organized according to actual needs; If you purchase imported scientific research instruments and equipment, you can choose your own experts to demonstrate, and the opinions of the experts will be filed together with the procurement documents for future reference; After purchasing the above items, report to the Financial Procurement Department for the record.

(3) Strengthening the management of government procurement services. All units should strictly implement the Administrative Measures for Government Procurement Services (Order No.102 of the Ministry of Finance) and the Notice on Implementing the Administrative Measures for Government Procurement Services and Standardizing the Work of Government Procurement Services (Tong Cai Gou [2020] No.19), fully understand the importance of government procurement services, and correctly grasp the specific requirements of the purchasers, undertakers and contents of government procurement services. Strictly abide by the provisions such as "introducing a third-party organization to evaluate the performance of government-purchased service projects with a price of more than 3 million yuan, soliciting opinions from the public or third-party professional organizations and experts on the procurement requirements of public service projects provided by the government, inviting actual users or third-party professional organizations and experts to participate in the acceptance and making the acceptance results public", and standardize the implementation of government-purchased services. Before the Provincial Department of Finance issued a new catalogue of government procurement services, the catalogue of government procurement services stipulated in the document "Su Cai Purchase [2020] No.16" was still implemented. Each department shall, within the scope of the provincial guidance catalogue, compile the guidance catalogue of government procurement services in this department according to the actual economic and social development, the transformation of government functions and the equalization and standardization of basic public services, and report it to the financial department for examination and approval and jointly issue a document to determine.

(four) to comprehensively promote the disclosure of procurement intentions and commitment to consult and evaluate the procurement documents of major projects in advance. Starting from 2021, all units shall, according to the procurement budget, disclose specific procurement intentions (except confidential procurement) and procurement commitments on the municipal public resource trading platform (municipal government procurement network) and the portal website of the unit at the latest within 30 days before the start of procurement activities, and clarify the name of the project to be purchased, the budget amount, the procurement demand profile, the estimated procurement time and the procurement commitment; Before issuing procurement documents for government procurement projects with a price of more than 4 million yuan (inclusive), the financial government procurement supervision department and centralized procurement institutions shall jointly conduct basic consultation and evaluation in advance, and give tips and reminders for those that do not meet the basic norms. Government procurement shall not be implemented if the procurement intention is not disclosed as required and the commitment and consultation and evaluation are made.

(five) standardize the decentralized procurement behavior of agencies. According to the regulations of the Ministry and the province on strengthening the management of government procurement agencies within its jurisdiction, from 2021 onwards, if a unit intends to choose an agency for decentralized procurement, it should select and entrust a social agency with corresponding professional ability to act as an agent in the list of agencies (registered locally and practicing in the provincial government procurement network and registered locally in other places) published on the municipal public resource trading platform (municipal government procurement network), according to the characteristics of the project, the professional field of the agency or the comprehensive credit evaluation results. No unit or individual may interfere with the procurement unit’s independent choice of agency by means of lottery, lottery and selection.

The agency fee can be paid by the supplier who won the bid (clinched a deal) or by the purchaser. If it is paid by the successful bidder (transaction), the supplier’s quotation shall include the agency fee. If the agency fee exceeds the limit standard, it shall be paid by the successful bidder (transaction) in principle.

The agency shall clearly indicate the charging method and standard of agency fees in the procurement documents, and disclose the charging situation of this project together with the result of winning the bid (transaction), including the specific charging standard and amount.

(6) Refine and optimize the setting of evaluation factors. All units and procurement agencies should scientifically set evaluation factors and further refine the quantitative evaluation factors according to the project demand characteristics and performance objectives. The objective evaluation factors should be set with fixed scores, while the subjective evaluation factors should refine the scores and reduce the discretionary space.

(7) Standardize the management of margin revenue and expenditure. All units and procurement agencies should strictly implement the provisions of "Tongcaigou [2020] No.30" to cancel the collection of bid bond for government procurement; If it is really necessary to collect the performance bond, the supplier shall be allowed to choose to pay or submit it in non-cash forms such as check, draft, promissory note and guarantee; In the procurement contract, the way, time, conditions and non-return of the performance bond are agreed, and the liability for breach of contract for overdue return of the performance bond is clarified.

(eight) the full implementation of government procurement information disclosure. All units should conscientiously implement the Regulations on the Implementation of the Government Procurement Law, the Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Disclosure of Government Procurement Information (Su Cai Gou [2015] No.51), and the Notice on Enabling the Self-publishing Management System of Decentralized Government Procurement Information (Tong Cai Gou [2018] No.32). Notice on Forwarding the Format Specification of Government Procurement Announcement and Publicity Information (2020 Edition) (Tongcaigou [2020] No.10) and other documents, the competent budget unit shall be responsible for reviewing the units under its jurisdiction that can self-publish decentralized government procurement information, and units and projects that are not applicable to the government procurement law shall not publish government procurement information on the municipal government procurement network.

(9) Strengthen the handling of government procurement disputes. Procurement units and procurement agencies shall handle government procurement disputes in accordance with the Government Procurement Law and its implementing regulations, Measures for Questions and Complaints in Government Procurement (Order No.94 of the Ministry of Finance), and Notice on Forwarding the Handling Process of Questions in Government Procurement (No.33 [2018] of Tong Cai Gou). For those who do not violate laws and regulations, we must do a good job in communication, coordination and resolution, ensure that we can answer questions within 3 working days, answer questions within 7 working days, and cooperate with the financial department to investigate and handle complaints. It is necessary to strengthen the record of buyers’ violations of laws and regulations and the retrospective mechanism of responsibilities, and deal with buyers and responsible persons who violate laws and regulations according to law.

(ten) to strengthen the evaluation and application of government procurement credit. In order to standardize government procurement behavior and improve the restraint mechanism of trustworthiness incentive and dishonesty, all units shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Interim Measures for the Administration of Government Procurement Credit in Jiangsu Province (Tong Cai Gou [2018] No.31), strengthen the recording and evaluation of "general dishonesty and serious dishonesty" involving suppliers, agencies and evaluation experts in the stages of organizing and implementing government procurement projects, contract performance and questioning complaints (pushing for serious dishonesty)

Please follow the above notice.

Attachment: 1. Catalogue of centralized government procurement in Jiangsu Province in 2021.

2. Nantong online shopping mall procurement directory

3.2021 Nantong Education Department Centralized Procurement Catalogue

Nantong bureau of finance

October 20, 2020

2021 government procurement catalog. rar

　　Cctv newsAccording to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, in order to implement the new People’s Republic of China (PRC) Wildlife Protection Law, which came into effect on May 1 this year, promote the construction of ecological civilization in water areas, strengthen the protection of rare and endangered aquatic wildlife and their habitats, standardize the management and utilization activities of aquatic wildlife, and severely punish illegal and criminal acts of destroying aquatic wildlife resources, arrangements are made in accordance with the "China Fishery Bright Sword 2023" series of special law enforcement action plans. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs decided to launch a special law enforcement action to crack down on the destruction of aquatic wildlife resources from May 1 to October 31, 2023 (hereinafter referred to as "special action"). The main contents are as follows:

　　Strengthen habitat supervision. Implement the responsibilities of supervision and management of aquatic wildlife habitats within the jurisdiction according to law, and focus on investigating and dealing with illegal hunting, unauthorized introduction of exotic species and other acts that destroy aquatic wildlife and their habitats. Strengthen source management, strengthen inspections and patrols in key areas such as nature reserves and aquatic wildlife migration routes, and in key periods such as breeding period and wintering period, establish a normalized supervision mechanism, increase the frequency of inspections and law enforcement, and carry out squatting when necessary. Check all kinds of activities of breeding and utilization of aquatic wild animals in nature reserves, and order rectification within a time limit if scientific research is not obtained according to law; Those who carry out business activities without authorization should be severely punished according to law.

　　Strictly crack down on illegal business use. In conjunction with the public security, market supervision and other departments, we will strengthen the rectification of key areas such as seafood dry goods market, restaurants and pet markets, focusing on the species of California Bay grouper, Chinese horseshoe crab, seahorse, crocodile, sturgeon and freshwater turtle, and severely investigate and deal with unauthorized or over-time and over-range operation and utilization, failure to use the special logo for aquatic wildlife as required, and forgery, alteration, sale, transfer, and so on. Strengthen cooperation with the departments of network information, transportation, railways, civil aviation, postal services, etc., and jointly crack down on illegal online transactions and illegal transportation, delivery and other behaviors according to the division of responsibilities, and strengthen multi-link, full-chain, and no dead ends supervision.

　　Standardize breeding and exhibition activities. Conduct a comprehensive inventory of aquatic wildlife breeding and exhibition venues such as aquariums and aquariums within the jurisdiction, focusing on verifying the breeding of key species such as cetaceans, whale sharks, turtles and spotted seals. If the species and quantity of the animals being kept do not correspond to the records of the franchise certificate, they are required to explain the reasons. If the reason is reasonable and verifiable, it shall be ordered to change the franchise certificate according to law; If the type and quantity exceed the license record and the legal source cannot be explained, it shall be severely punished according to law.

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Some netizens left a message and wanted to see it. Today it came. As for its advantages, please read on.

First of all, from the appearance, the front face of Aouita 12 presents a full design style and looks sporty. Combined with fashionable and generous headlights, it looks quite simple. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 5020 mm * 1999 mm * 1450 mm. The car adopts stable and atmospheric lines, and the side wall gives people a very simple and fashionable feeling. With large-size thick-walled tires, it gives people a very simple feeling. In the rear part, the rear of the car echoes the front face, and the taillight style is relatively simple, very fashionable and simple.

Arriving in Aouita 12 car, Aouita 12 interior looks soft and simple. The steering wheel of the car is very in line with the interior style, made of genuine leather and stylish. From the central control point of view, the car is equipped with a touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior style impressive and looks very atmospheric. Next, let Xiaobian introduce the dashboard and seats. The dashboard of the car presents a sharp design style and the shape takes the sports route. The car uses leather seats, and the seats are wrapped in place, which further improves the comfort of drivers and passengers.

Aouita 12 matched gearbox, 425KW, 650N.m, with good power performance.

The car is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, Bluetooth key, NFC/RFID key, interior atmosphere light, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.) and other configurations, and the configuration has reached the mainstream level of the same level.

The Aouita 12 introduced today is not only eye-catching in space, but also has reached the mainstream level in various configurations, and there is nothing to be picky about driving experience and space experience. If you are interested, you might as well experience it. I believe it can bring you a good experience.

　　China Business Daily reported on April 8 that Jackie Chan, who likes to promote newcomers, "found" Liu Yifei this time. Recently, for the cover of a fashion magazine, Jackie Chan put down his busy work and shot with Liu Yifei, which once again made Liu Yifei feel flattered. Liu Yifei’s previous impression on the audience was usually a gentle and weak image. This time, the photo boldly challenged the sexy route, and even went into a vacuum, wearing a red dress and showing shoulders. Jackie Chan hugged Liu Yifei’s waist, and the two were very close in the photo.

　　As soon as the photo was exposed, it immediately became a hot topic of comment on the Internet. When Zhang Ziyi shot "Rush Hour 2", the incident of "sitting on the thigh and feeding the raisins" was still fresh in many people’s memories. The intimate cover photo of Liu Yifei and Jackie Chan reminded Liu Yifei of repeating Zhang Ziyi’s old trick. "If you want to take the international route, you need to rely on Jackie Chan. Zhang Ziyi was then, and Liu Yifei is now." Such a statement has been rumored.

　　In the face of doubts, Mr. Chen, the manager of Liu Yifei’s agency, said that Liu Yifei is an actor, and the most important job is to play well. Jackie Chan is very optimistic about Liu Yifei, indicating that Liu Yifei has the potential to become an international movie star. Liu Yifei definitely does not want to become famous by virtue of the care of some international movie stars. Reporter Tang Aiming

Editor in charge: Sun Jie

According to a report by Sina Variety, today (May 4), Deng Chao posted that he had been kicked out of his home by Sun Li, and the topic was hot.

I thought it was Mr. Sun who was fed up with Abby’s embarrassment, but it turned out that he took Guizhou Smelly Sour home after recording the variety show.

Deng Chao, a Chinese mainland actor and director born in 1979, married his wife, Sun Li, in the 2005 TV drama "Happiness Like Flowers." On February 8, 2010, on Deng Chao’s birthday, the two registered their marriage. The wedding was held on June 7, 2011.

The reporter learned from the Shenzhen Municipal Transportation Commission that the current proportion of pure electric taxis in Shenzhen has reached 99.06%, basically realizing the full electrification of taxis. By the end of 2017, all buses in Shenzhen have been fully electrified, which means that Shenzhen has become the first city in the world where buses and taxis are basically fully electrified.

As one of the 13 pilot cities of our country’s "demonstration and promotion of energy-saving and new energy vehicles", Shenzhen has been the first to promote new energy vehicles nationwide since 2010. At present, the fuel surcharge for fuel taxis in Shenzhen is 2 yuan/time. It is estimated that the annual surcharge for 21,400 electric taxis in Shenzhen is as high as 625 million yuan. Wang Huimin, a pure electric bus driver, told reporters that the cost of fuel vehicles per 100 kilometers is 77.55 yuan, and the maximum cost of electric vehicles is 25.3 yuan, which can be reduced by 67%.

According to statistics, after the full electrification of urban buses and taxis, Shenzhen’s annual emission reduction of nitrogen oxides and other pollutants is 869.6 tons. The annual reduction of carbon dioxide emissions is 2.209 million tons, which is almost equivalent to the carbon emissions of 800,000 household cars. Shenzhen’s transportation industry has also reduced fuel emissions by more than 95%. Low-noise pure electric vehicles also reduce noise pollution during driving.

"The windshield display of pure electric taxis will also appear in Luohu, Futian and other words. I will choose the vehicle on the way when I take a taxi, and I will no longer be afraid of being rejected by the driver," said Sister Min Wang of Shenzhen. The pure electric taxis in operation in Shenzhen are also equipped with intelligent end points, which realize functions such as facial recognition, real-time panoramic monitoring, accurate metering and multi-electronic payment.

The large-scale promotion and use of pure electric buses and taxis has also driven the rapid development of Shenzhen’s new energy industry. In 2017, the added value of Shenzhen’s new energy industry reached 67.64 billion yuan, an increase of 15.4%. Today, Shenzhen has become the largest and most clustered city in our country’s strategic emerging industries. BYD, a locally grown car company in Shenzhen, has been the global new energy vehicle sales champion for three consecutive years. New energy buses and taxis made in Shenzhen are also galloping in more than 200 large and medium-sized cities around the world, including London, Los Angeles, Tokyo and Sydney.

At present, the world automobile industry is in the stage of transforming from traditional fuel vehicles to pure electric vehicles. During the transformation from traditional fuel vehicles to pure electric vehicles, many excessive products will certainly be produced.Hybrid car is an excessive product of the transition from fuel vehicle to pure electric vehicle.

Toyota set foot in the hybrid field very early, and when other car companies are still painstakingly studying fuel vehicles, it has already launched hybrid models.Toyota’s hybrid cars have a high sales volume and reputation in China, such as the dual-engine version of Toyota Corolla, Toyota Camry and the hybrid version of Lexus, which have a good market and high evaluation.

Hybrid cars are also called new energy vehicles, butThere is a very interesting phenomenon. Toyota’s hybrid cars are not green licenses symbolizing new energy, but blue license plates.It is also a hybrid, BYD Han DM-i can hang a green license plate, why can’t Toyota’s oil-electric hybrid work?

BYD Han DM-i can hang a new energy license plate because BYD Han DM-i is a plug-in hybrid vehicle.The engine it is equipped with is a 1.5-liter engine dedicated for plug-in and mixing, and the thermal efficiency can reach 43%.

Plug-in hybrid models have external charging ports, which can charge the vehicle through an external power supply. Moreover, the battery pack is relatively large, and it has the ability of long-distance pure electric driving when the vehicle has no electricity.. BYD DM-i has a pure electric cruising range of 51 kilometers at the shortest and 120 kilometers at the longest. This standard is completely in line with China’s definition of new energy vehicles, so BYD DM-i can hang a green license plate.

Toyota’s HEV hybrid is actually an oil-electric hybrid system. Toyota’s hybrid car connector does not have an external charging socket, and the battery pack on the car is relatively small, which does not have the ability of long-distance pure battery life.Although this model can save fuel, it does not meet the requirements of China for new energy vehicles, so all the hybrid models of Toyota are blue license plates.

The pure electric cruising range of Toyota HEV hybrid system is very short, even less than 50 kilometers. but50 kilometers is the dividing line between new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles. As long as the car’s pure electric cruising range can reach 51 kilometers, it can hang a green license plate. The cruising range of pure electricity is only 49 kilometers, which is not even 1 kilometer away. Only blue license plates can be hung on the car.

At the beginning of research and development, Toyota only regarded the motor as a substitute for the low efficiency of the internal combustion engine at low starting speed, in order to alleviate the problem of low efficiency but high fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine at low load. Therefore, the motors on Toyota’s hybrid models are relatively small in size and have no actual endurance.

But with this engine, Toyota’s hybrid models are indeed more fuel efficient than traditional fuel models. Take the Lexus E300 as an example. The fuel consumption of the ordinary version is about 7 liters per 100 kilometers, but the fuel consumption of the hybrid model is only about 5 liters per 100 kilometers.

Summary:

Although Toyota has introduced a hybrid model, it actually burns oil from the essence of the vehicle, so Toyota has not put its mind on building a new energy vehicle at all, it just wants to build a more fuel-efficient fuel vehicle. Toyota’s HEV hybrid does not have the long-distance pure electric endurance, so it does not have the qualification of new energy vehicles and can only hang blue license plates.

[The picture comes from the network, and the infringing contact is deleted]

　　On the morning of March 20th, the first Guangzhou International Aviation Maintenance Engineering and Ground Service Exhibition Fair (hereinafter referred to as "Guangzhou MRO Exhibition") was held in Hall 1 and Hall 2 of Guangzhou Airport Expo Center.

　　This MRO exhibition in Guangzhou is the first test exhibition since Guangzhou Airport Expo Center was put into trial operation. It was hosted by French ABE International Business Exhibition Co., Ltd. and attracted more than 400 enterprises from 23 countries and regions around the world. It is understood that Guangzhou MRO Exhibition will be permanently located in Guangzhou and plans to hold an exhibition every year.

　　On the opening day, the signing ceremony of the Memorandum of Cooperation on High-quality Development of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Civil Aviation Maintenance Industry was also held, and the first Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Aviation Maintenance Skills Competition was also held on the same day.

　　China’s only international aviation maintenance professional exhibition settled in Guangzhou

　　In the "14th Five-Year Plan" of Guangzhou and the outline of the long-term goal in 2035, Guangzhou proposed to run Guangzhou Expo and other professional exhibitions well, cultivate leading exhibition groups and global professional exhibitions, and build an "international exhibition capital". In this context, in October 2023, Guangzhou Airport Committee issued "Several Measures on Promoting the High-quality Development of the Convention and Exhibition Economy", aiming at promoting the high-quality development of the Convention and Exhibition Industry in Guangzhou Airport Economic Zone.

　　It is understood that Guangzhou MRO Exhibition is the only international aviation maintenance professional exhibition in China, and it is also the largest aviation maintenance professional exhibition in Asia in terms of participating enterprises and exhibition area. The participating enterprises are mainly aviation maintenance, service and manufacturing enterprises, as well as different types of enterprises such as low-altitude navigation, aviation training, ground service and aviation material trade. The exhibition area is 18,000 square meters, and there are more than 150 on-site exhibition enterprises, including China Southern Airlines Group, Guangdong Airport Management Group, HNA Technology, Shenzhen Airlines, Binruirui, Beduk Lingyun, Huaxia Maintenance, Guangzhou Hangxin and other well-known enterprises, with more than 4,000 registered visitors.

　　In an interview with Southern Reporter, Thibagar Doraisamy, commercial and strategic director of engineering aviation maintenance of Malaysia Airlines, the exhibitor said that China’s aviation maintenance market has great potential, and many new technologies have been applied in China. "We are very happy to cooperate with relevant enterprises in China. We want to see if we can create synergies and establish partnerships through this exhibition."

　　"Originally, we expected to hold an MRO exhibition every two years, but according to the urgent needs of the market and industry, we decided to permanently settle the Guangzhou MRO exhibition in Guangzhou and plan to hold it once a year." Miao Ruiqing, president of ABE Business Exhibition Co., Ltd. in Asia, introduced that the exhibition focuses on the comprehensive display of the latest international aircraft overhaul, engine, avionics system, airborne equipment, ground equipment and facilities, route maintenance, etc., and carries out advanced technical exchanges and academic discussions on international aviation maintenance R&D, manufacturing, supporting and other aircraft life cycle services, as well as business negotiations between suppliers and suppliers of the overall aviation maintenance industry chain at home and abroad.

　　It is worth noting that as an aviation maintenance professional exhibition, Guangzhou MRO Exhibition will also realize the pattern of complementary and misplaced development with Zhuhai Aerospace Exhibition, and strive to build a domestic first-class and internationally influential aviation maintenance professional exhibition.

　　The first civil aviation maintenance industry alliance in Greater Bay Area was formally established.

　　At this Guangzhou MRO exhibition, more than ten aviation maintenance enterprises in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, led by China Southern Airlines Group, such as Hong Kong Aircraft Engineering Co., Ltd. and Mingjie Macau Airport Service Co., Ltd., jointly signed the Memorandum of Cooperation on High-quality Development of Civil Aviation Maintenance Industry in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

　　It is understood that the memorandum focuses on integrating the relevant resources of major aviation maintenance enterprises in Greater Bay Area, and makes in-depth cross-regional pilot tests in business cooperation and mutual assistance, technical seminars and exchange of management experience, which will make new and significant contributions for all units in the aviation maintenance industry to continue to deepen the complementary cooperation resources, improve their innovation ability, enhance their core competitiveness and accelerate the integration level of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

　　"The successful signing ceremony is an important milestone in the cooperation in the field of civil aviation maintenance in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, which will have a far-reaching impact on the coordinated development of the maintenance industry in the three places, and will also have a positive demonstration effect on the cooperation in more fields of civil aviation in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao and even China in the next stage." Xinru Li, general manager and deputy secretary of the Party Committee of China Southern Airlines Engineering Technology Branch, said.

　　The Guangzhou MRO Exhibition also held the first Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Aviation Maintenance Skills Competition. It is understood that the competition is the first professional labor competition with high-level aviation maintenance theme in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and South China. The competition includes the repair of aircraft riveting structure; Comprehensive skill construction of CFM56 engine; Three items of comprehensive troubleshooting for aircraft systems.

　　It is reported that this competition has demonstrated the basic aircraft maintenance skills, standardized operation ability and aviation maintenance professional ethics level of various aircraft maintenance units and schools in Greater Bay Area, effectively leading and promoting the development of aircraft maintenance industry.

Cctv newsYesterday (3rd), the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate jointly issued the Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in Handling Criminal Cases such as Organizing Cheating in Examinations, which severely punished cheating in four categories of "national examinations prescribed by law", such as college entrance examination, postgraduate examination and judicial examination.

According to the criminal law, the crime of cheating in organizing exams, illegally selling, providing test questions and answers, and the crime of replacing exams are applicable to "national exams prescribed by law". Explain that the first article mainly clarifies which exams belong to the "national exams prescribed by law".

Jiang Qibo, Director of the Supreme People’s Court Research Office.Article 1 of the Interpretation stipulates that "the national examination prescribed by law" refers to the examination prescribed by laws formulated by the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee.

It is clear that cheating in four types of exams, such as college entrance examination, is a crime.

This explanation makes it clear that the following examinations belong to the "national examinations prescribed by law": (1) national education examinations such as the entrance examination for ordinary colleges and universities, the entrance examination for graduate students, the self-study examination for higher education, and the entrance examination for adult colleges and universities; (2) central and local civil service recruitment examinations; (3) National unified legal professional qualification examination, national teacher qualification examination, national unified examination for certified public accountants, accounting professional and technical qualification examination, asset appraiser qualification examination, doctor qualification examination, licensed pharmacist professional qualification examination, registered architect examination, construction engineer qualification examination and other professional and technical qualification examinations; (4) other national examinations organized by the central or local competent departments and industries according to law.

On this basis, the third paragraph of Article 1 of the Interpretation further stipulates that the special types of enrollment, special skills tests, interviews and other examinations involved in the above-mentioned examinations belong to the "national examinations prescribed by law".

Criminal Law: The punishment for cheating is heavier if the circumstances are serious.

According to the provisions of the Criminal Law, whoever organizes cheating or provides cheating equipment or other help for others to commit the crime of organizing cheating in the national examination prescribed by law constitutes the crime of organizing cheating in the examination, and is sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention, with a fine or a single fine; If the circumstances are serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years and shall also be fined.

So which behaviors are serious? The judicial interpretation released yesterday also specifically clarified the serious circumstances.

The explanation is clear. The college entrance examination, postgraduate entrance examination and civil servant recruitment examination have high social concern, great influence and wide coverage. The direct stipulation of organizing cheating in these three types of exams is "serious circumstances".

Explain that it is clearly defined as "serious circumstances" that the exam is postponed, cancelled or enabled due to cheating. According to the relevant person in charge of the Supreme Law, some cheating cases are committed by exam staff, especially in cheating cases before the exam, the "shadow" of "inside ghosts" can often be seen, and the actor illegally obtains exam questions and answers by bribing a specific person to know before the exam, and then organizes cheating in the exam.

Jiang Qibo, Director of the Supreme People’s Court Research Office:Examination staff violate their responsibilities to organize cheating in exams, which is more subjective and vicious, so the Interpretation defines it as "serious circumstances". Organizing candidates to cheat across provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government is very harmful, so the Interpretation defines it as "serious circumstances".

The Interpretation defines cheating in exams for many times, cheating for more than 30 times, and providing more than 50 pieces of cheating equipment as "serious circumstances". According to the relevant person in charge of the Supreme Law, according to the different exams involved, the amount of illegal income from organizing cheating in exams or providing cheating equipment varies greatly.

Based on the consideration of severely punishing the crime of cheating in organizing exams, the Interpretation defines the illegal income of more than 300,000 yuan as "serious circumstances".

What equipment belongs to "cheating equipment"

According to the criminal law, the crime of cheating in organizing exams involves providing cheating equipment for others to commit the crime of cheating in organizing exams. So how to identify "cheating equipment"? Let’s see how it is stipulated in the Judicial Interpretation.

The judicial interpretation stipulates: "The programs and tools with the functions of avoiding or breaking through the safety management measures to prevent cheating in the examination room, obtaining, recording, transmitting, receiving and storing examination questions and answers, and the programs and tools specially designed for cheating shall be recognized as the second paragraph of Article 284-1 of the Criminal Law ‘ Cheating equipment ’ 。”

Jiang Qibo, Director of the Supreme People’s Court Research Office:According to this, button-type digital cameras and glasses-type close-up devices that can send and receive examination questions and answers by disguising themselves to avoid examination in the examination room can all be regarded as "cheating equipment".

On this basis, in order to unify the identification procedure of cheating equipment, the second paragraph of Article 3 of the Interpretation further stipulates: "Whether it belongs to the second paragraph of Article 284-1 of the Criminal Law ‘ Cheating equipment ’ It is difficult to determine, according to the report issued by the public security organ at or above the provincial level or the examination department, combined with other evidence to make a determination; Involving special spy equipment, special equipment for eavesdropping and stealing photos, ‘ Pseudo base station ’ And other equipment, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the identification. "

How to identify the cheating that was investigated before the exam began?

In addition, from a practical point of view, many cases of cheating in organizing exams are investigated before the exam begins. In this case, the purpose of cheating in organizing exams has not been achieved. Should it be regarded as a crime accomplished or attempted? This judicial interpretation has been clarified.

According to the relevant person in charge of the Supreme Law, the constitutive elements of the crime of organizing cheating in exams are organizing cheating and providing cheating equipment or other help for others to commit the crime of organizing cheating in exams. As long as the behavior of organizing cheating in exams has actually seriously endangered the order of exams, it should be regarded as a crime accomplished, and whether the purpose of cheating is realized should not affect the establishment of the crime accomplished.

Jiang Qibo, Director of the Supreme People’s Court Research Office:In order to unify the application of the law and severely punish the crime of cheating in organizing exams according to law, Article 4 of the Interpretation makes clear the relevant issues. If cheating in the exam is caught before the exam begins, but the exam questions and answers have been illegally obtained or there are other circumstances that seriously disturb the order of the exam, it shall be deemed that the crime of cheating in the organization exam has been completed.

Illegally providing test questions shall be punished for more than three years.

Explain that there are also two statutory penalties for the crime of illegally selling, providing test questions and answers. Among them, if the circumstances are serious, they shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years and fined.

Jiang Qibo, Director of the Supreme People’s Court Research Office:Article 6 of the Interpretation stipulates: "For the purpose of cheating in exams, illegally selling or providing questions and answers of national exams prescribed by law to others, if the questions are incomplete or the answers are not completely consistent with the standard answers, it will not affect the determination of the crime of illegally selling or providing questions and answers."

Clear rules for dealing with crimes instead of exams.

According to the criminal law, a person who takes the national examination in place of others or lets others take the national examination in place of himself as stipulated by law constitutes the crime of taking the examination instead, and shall be sentenced to criminal detention or public surveillance, and shall also or only be fined.

According to the relevant person in charge of the Supreme Law, in order to take into account the differences in the circumstances and circumstances of taking the test, the types of tests involved are different. In order to reflect and implement the criminal policy of combining leniency with severity, and to urge the actors who take the test to repent and turn over a new leaf, if they do show remorse, they can be suspended according to law.

Jiang Qibo, Director of the Supreme People’s Court Research Office:Article 7, paragraph 2, of the Interpretation specifically stipulates: "If the perpetrator’s crime is minor, he does show remorse, and comprehensively considers the actor’s taking the test and the type of the test, he can declare probation if he thinks that it meets the applicable conditions for probation; If the circumstances of the crime are minor, no prosecution may be instituted or criminal punishment may be exempted; If the circumstances are significant, minor and harmless, they will not be treated as crimes. "

The explanation also clarified the rules for dealing with the crime of cheating in exams other than the national exams prescribed by law.

Jiang Qibo, Director of the Supreme People’s Court Research Office:Explain the provisions of Article 10: "Whoever organizes cheating, provides cheating equipment or other help for others to organize cheating, or illegally sells or provides test questions and answers in other examinations other than the national examinations prescribed by law, which meets the constitutive requirements of crimes such as illegally obtaining state secrets, illegally producing and selling eavesdropping, stealing special equipment, illegally using eavesdropping, stealing special equipment, illegally using information networks, and disturbing the order of radio communication management, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law."