Paparazzi was born out of O, and the "uncrowned emperor" was called "cultural hooligan" or "bitch reporter"

　　The shocking "Paparazzi", formerly known as Italian paparazzi, first appeared in 1958, and its official translation name should be "tracking photography team". In 1960, Italian director Ferini in the film "Sweet Life", the hero Masdouanni was a gossip journalist, who often went in and out of the upper class and searched for the theme. In 1963, Ferini’s Eight and a Half appeared again as a gossip journalist, which laid a vivid image of Paparazzi in people’s minds.

　　As for the Chinese translation "paparazzi", it was initiated by Hong Kong people. In the 1950s, the Criminal Intelligence Division of the Hong Kong Police Department was good at tracking cases, and was famous for its investigation methods of tracking and eavesdropping. These plainclothes criminal investigators (commonly known as O-Records) were nicknamed "Puppy Team", which meant that dogs used their keen sense of smell to track their prey.

　　This kind of investigation and tracking ability and method was later carried forward by reporters, tracking news figures, artists and celebrities day and night. Because of the long-term tracking and waiting, not one person can do it independently, so this group of reporters who make good use of the lens to capture the news that leaked from the net are collectively called "paparazzi".

　　After the 1950s, celebrity idolization became popular, and some nobles, political and business celebrities, athletes and performing stars became the objects of mass worship. The popularity of these idol stars depends on a lot of media exposure, but on formal occasions, they are all glamorous and boring over time, so the words and deeds and daily habits of the stars in private have become secrets that people are eager to peep at.

　　The essence of "paparazzi" is to explore "non-surface" news events, with the elements of follow-up and tracking, thus promoting the good development of society. However, the ultimate goal of "paparazzi" is to sell the reported "masterpieces" for money, and they are keen on using "carpet-style" interview methods, using hidden cameras or long lenses, or stalking the interviewees with "hanging boots" to hunt for indecent photos of celebrities everywhere, which makes people embarrassed and make a fool of themselves. There are countless celebrities who have been victimized by paparazzi’s dung-scraping methods, and there are records of chasing people’s lives. Diana, the British princess four years ago, was the victim of paparazzi interviews. Diana, Diana’s lover Fayyad and the driver all died together, which shocked the world, and the paparazzi’s behavior was once again reviled by the world. In mid-June, it was reported that Fayyad’s father still wanted to sue two paparazzi for killing his son after many years, which once again questioned the paparazzi’s interview methods.

　　Paparazzi members exposed themselves: high salary, stalking and beating, undercover, taking pictures of the dead, artists stealing photos, breaking up artists’ families …

　　Since the emergence of paparazzi, paparazzi has been equated with unconventional, indecent, deviant and so on, so many people accuse paparazzi of bringing bad social atmosphere. But at the same time, "paparazzi" have grasped people’s gossip and voyeurism, and their reports are often the most attractive to readers. As members of the "paparazzi", how do they view this career?

　　Mr. Deng, the "paparazzi" who photographed the remains of the artist Wu Yongwei’s husband a few years ago, said: "Guilty, very guilty. I personally received the invitation only three weeks ago. Three weeks later, Weng Jiangpei died suddenly. I have to personally uncover Weng’s coffin and photograph the remains of the deceased. I feel very disrespectful to the deceased and his family, but this is my task … At that time, all newspapers and magazines wanted to take pictures. But when the whole company contributes, should it fall short because of my guilt? I ended up shooting, but I was very sad. If I were his family, I wouldn’t want others to shoot it. Finally, I felt guilty enough to personally apologize to Miss Wu, and I didn’t feel at ease until I heard her forgive me. "

　　Another "paparazzi", Xiao Hong, made great contributions because he filmed a male artist’s "stealing love" clip, but indirectly led to the separation of the artist’s family. The "paparazzi" constantly blamed himself: "When I was sent, my boss said that I would not shoot, and others would shoot. If I don’t shoot, it may make them have a step down, but if I shoot, he is accused by thousands of people and it is difficult to turn back. " Later, I thought that although he is a public figure, he should also have the right to privacy. Although I made great achievements that time, I will never do this kind of interview again. You follow up drug trafficking and smuggling, you are beneficial to society and the public, but visiting artists is purely gossip. Gossip may harm others and society does not benefit. Why bother? "Xiao Hong said guiltily.

　　Huang, an "old paparazzi", holds the opposite opinion: "Our task is to prove that public figures should be psychologically prepared to be filmed and reported. We can’t hold a press conference just because we do good things, but stop others from knowing if we do bad things. Is this reasonable? My mentality is to get some pictures that others don’t have. I am a reporter, not a recorder. People have me and I have them. What are you doing here? "

　　"The world is realistic. Will morality increase sales? Can morality be a meal? If I don’t shoot, will anyone appreciate me? If I don’t shoot, will there be artificial addition and will someone dig corners? " This series of questions somewhat reflects why some people are still keen to be paparazzi.

　　Simon’s experience in Hong Kong One Media is even more colorful. Before he became a paparazzi, he thought it was a supreme honor and mission, but after five years of "hard years", he got a different feeling.

　　Once, they were asked to cover the news that a female star was living with a male singer. After several weeks, I still can’t get a picture of them together. Finally, Simon could do nothing and reported the situation to the top. The boss actually said, "You won’t hit her with your car and then call the man to come out and deal with it. You can’t do it so simply, what are you afraid of! " Simon, of course, didn’t do this, and he received a warning letter from the top.

　　On another occasion, they were sent to interview a gay male singer who moved with her boyfriend. Simon was found by the singer’s boyfriend on the first day, and was chased by someone with a bat. After Simon and his colleagues fled to a safe place, they routinely called the top to report the situation. Before the boss heard it, he scolded, "You won’t stand there and call him, and you won’t really be killed. Other people take pictures of beating people, and we can be on the cover, stupid (stupid)! "

　　Once, Simon’s boss personally led a team to interview the news that the TV station was dating her and Xiaosheng. When the target appeared and the car came from a distance, the head suddenly said to Simon, "You rush to the road to stop the car, and I will shoot as soon as she stops. At that time, the speed of the car was over 70 kilometers per hour. Of course, Simon wouldn’t bet his life, so he followed up and said, "You are better than me, you went!" Simon was scolded by his boss for this.

　　Simon said that most of the time, they have to use the car to track the target. It is strictly ordered that if the target finds out, he should finish the work at once. The so-called "finish the work at once" is to block the target with the car and then take pictures. Therefore, they often chase after the target on the road, so there have been more than ten "collisions" of all sizes. Looking back now, Simon is still frightened and still has a lingering fear.

　　Simon said: "In addition to tracking and chasing, we have to’ enter the house’ (sneak into the target’s home)." They were told not to be afraid, because in case of accident, the company would make corresponding guarantee measures. As a result, a naive colleague believed it and was stopped by community security personnel after breaking into a private house. When he called the superior for help, the superior actually told the security guard: "We didn’t ask him to break into a private house, and everything was left to the owner."

　　"With the increasingly fierce competition among peers, the above requirements are even more unscrupulous. To paraphrase Taiwan Province’s recent phrase:’ A man of forty has only one mouth left.’ They can’t do it themselves, but they want to be relaxed and happy. "

　　"The longer I stay as a paparazzi in Next Weekly, the more I feel that I am losing my humanity and my feelings are more numb. I know that if I continue to do this, I will only die." Simon said.

　　Fat Li publicly apologized to Hong Kong for spending money on news and exposing many celebrity shady stories.

　　What is the magic weapon for "paparazzi" to become so "miraculous" and "ubiquitous"? The news interviewed by "paparazzi" comes from many aspects. "Paparazzi" may have to wait and trace through the hair stylist and makeup artist of the target person, the employees of the club they belong to, or the places where they shop and beauty salons.

　　Generally, a newspaper office will send a driver, a photographer and a journalist to track down the target. When the manpower can’t be deployed, the photographer may have to act as a driver and report to the journalist. Because they often encounter situations such as staying up late at night and even being chased, the members of the "paparazzi" are mostly men. In order to hide people’s eyes and ears, paparazzi’s tracking cars are not printed with the names of newspapers or magazines, and their cameras or video recorders even appear in the shape of mirrors and lipstick.

　　In order to obtain information conveniently, "paparazzi" will investigate the artist’s address in their spare time, so as to ambush in the building when something important happens in the future. Paparazzi will also use words to find artists for an exclusive interview, and then send people to follow them, asking about their itinerary, address and license plate, so as to take necessary tracking actions. "The premise is safety and anticipation. Remember to rewind the film after a photo shoot, put it in a new tube, and deliver it when someone breaks the camera or takes apart the film. " A photojournalist said. "Paparazzi" have a heavy workload and hard work, and they are willing to fight. The salary will be higher than that of other journalists, with a monthly salary of more than HK$ 30,000.

　　The Hong Kong media really organized paparazzi. In June 1995, Li Zhiying organized Apple Daily, which not only set off many newspaper price reduction wars, but also tracked down the privacy of entertainment stars and celebrities, such as "Faye Wong Dou Wei’s marriage", "Tony Leung Chiu Wai Carina Lau’s breakup", "Jackie Chan Zhang Ziyi’s scandal" and "Dragon Seed Incident", and so on, and even more, the paparazzi stirred it up. The appearance of paparazzi has promoted the competition of entertainment news industry in Hong Kong, such as Oriental Daily and Oriental Weekly, and they have set up their own paparazzi teams one after another, making paparazzi a phenomenon.

　　The unscrupulous interview methods and reports of "paparazzi" once aroused social criticism and repeatedly destroyed the good image and credibility of the media. "Chen Jiankang Incident", "Hong Bao’s Love" and "Giants Competing for Production" are all classics among them.

　　In October, 1999, the relationship between the famous disc jockey Hong Chaofeng (Fengfeng) and the rich woman Teresa Bao (Baobao) went wrong. Apple Daily even reported it as the front page, and even dispatched "paparazzi" to track the client for 24 hours, and led the client to tell many unpleasant "privacy". "Love of Hongbao" was full of drama from the beginning. Hong Chaofeng interviewed Teresa Bao in the program, so as to appreciate each other and have feelings, and publicly kissed and expressed his love for each other in the program, which made people feel that fairy tales reappeared for a time.

　　Only ten months later, the two sides broke up again and thought it would come to an end. Unexpectedly, a newspaper tracked Hong Chaofeng, and found that he was traveling arm in arm with a man in Dalian, and began a very entertaining report. For example, Fengfeng was accused of mental problems, and asked the Labor Department to collect debts from her baby, and accompanied by a lawyer, she made public her sex life with her baby. A personal matter quickly became the focus of the media, and even occupied an important position in the front page of the newspaper. I really can’t help but admire the ability of the "paparazzi" to follow the report.

　　Although most "paparazzi" are related to entertainment news, their practice of entertaining social news, such as the report of "Chen Jiankang incident", has become a big stain in the history of Hong Kong news.

　　In October 1998, a woman in Tianping Village, Sheung Shui, Hong Kong, couldn’t bear the blow of her husband’s "keeping mistresses" in mainland China. She threw her two 10-year-old and 6-year-old sons off the balcony of her 14th floor apartment, and then committed suicide herself. The tragedy touched people’s hearts. After the incident, the woman’s husband, Chen Jiankang, returned to Hong Kong from the Mainland and was interviewed by many media in succession. He publicly admitted that he had gone north to prostitute himself, and criticized his wife who had just passed away for failing to meet his sexual needs, making fun of himself as a "human-run" (a negative example of human beings). Chen Jiankang suddenly became the most unhealthy scum.

　　The media’s interest in the incident is growing day by day, taking advantage of the protagonist’s ignorance, repeatedly teasing with tone, and even sending reporters to follow Chen Jiankang to the north for fun, reporting in detail that he is looking for a girlfriend in the mainland and enjoying himself. Apple Daily even reported the news of "people running" on the front page for three consecutive days, including a photo of the protagonist and two women "hugging each other left and right" in a hotel bed. Later, it was found that the above classic photos were related to the newspaper’s payment of HK$ 5,000.

　　This is the least "healthy" media incident. Paparazzi who follow the "people’s office" spend money to buy news in order to "get out of position", and newspaper sales may increase. However, the notoriety of "fabricating news" has been criticized by Hong Kong society and journalists’ organizations. On November 10th, 1998, the front page of Apple Daily published an apology notice signed by Li Zhiying.

　　Paparazzi at War with Judges: Personal Interview, Educating Judges about Paparazzi

　　Looking around the media in Hong Kong, the competition between Oriental Newspaper Group and One Media is the fiercest. Oriental Daily, The Sun and Apple Daily account for more than half of the newspaper market in Hong Kong, and the competition between the two groups has created a judicial case of "paparazzi and judges", which has been widely criticized by all sectors of society.

　　The "paparazzi and the judge" originated from the fact that the Oriental newspaper was pirated by Apple Daily to print an exclusive photo of the pregnant female singer Faye Wong. After taking the case to court, they argued for two years. The Oriental newspaper only got HK$ 8,000 in compensation and had to bear huge legal fees.

　　From September 1997 to January 1998, Oriental Daily was dissatisfied with the court’s repeated rulings that the lawsuit involving Oriental Newspaper Group lost, and published articles in succession, calling the judges of the Court of Appeal Gao Yihui and Luo Jiezhi "white-skinned pigs" and the judges of obscene and indecent publications "yellow-skinned dogs", which were "remnants of Hong Kong and Britain" and "political persecution" of Oriental Daily. For three days in a row, the newspaper sent "paparazzi" to follow Judge Gao Yihui of the Court of Appeal and "educate" Judge what "paparazzi" means.

　　The case was tried in the High Court in mid-May, 1988. The High Court ruled that Huang Yangwu, the former editor-in-chief of Oriental Daily, who despised the court, was imprisoned for four months. As the publisher of the daily newspaper, Oriental Newspaper Group was fined 5 million Hong Kong dollars.

　　Chief Justice Chen Zhaokai and Qi Yanhui said in their sentencing that freedom of the press and judicial independence are the two pillars of society. If the freedom of the press is abused to slander and vilify the court, it will only do harm to them. If the public’s confidence in the judiciary is shaken and weakened, it will endanger the rule of law, and the same abuse of freedom of speech will only be harmful. Judges are not immune to criticism, but their speeches should be carried out fairly and reasonably, and a responsible and respectable media must take this as a code. Unfortunately, in this incident, the principle of freedom of speech was obviously extremely abused. The action of Oriental Daily is not only about individual cases, but the rule of law itself. Its purpose is to create an atmosphere of dissatisfaction with the judicial department, in an attempt to make the judicial department yield to the pressure of public opinion, and it will be more lenient when dealing with cases of Oriental Daily or its sister newspapers. This act of challenging the basic rule of law is the most serious example of media contempt encountered by courts in common law jurisdictions. In history, no judge has ever encountered such a nuisance as Judge Gao Yihui being followed around the clock.

　　Later, on September 28th, 1998, the Court of Final Appeal of Dongfang Group was awarded the right of appeal. Apple Daily should compensate Dongfang Group for 3,301 yuan, and pay all the court fees of the original court and most of the court fees of appeal to Dongfang Group. The case was closed, but the media abused the paparazzi’s interview style and used public tools for private use, which has seriously damaged the credibility of the Hong Kong media.

　　Paparazzi makes political and business people have nowhere to hide. Hong Kong celebrities jointly launched "Shut up"

　　Many target people who were tracked were disgusted with the actions of "paparazzi". In 1995, Hong Kong’s entertainment industry launched "Shut up" and refused to be interviewed by the media for three days in protest. And hold a parade of artists to reflect the incident to the government, thus arousing the awareness of the industry, the media and the public to respect privacy. Cheng Jienan, a former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, suffered from the pursuit of the paparazzi of Apple Daily, and later complained to the Hong Kong Press Council.

　　"On January 13 this year, at about 8 pm, my girlfriend and I got on the bus from Fort Street and drove to the expressway, and found a reporter following us. A heavy locomotive overtook my car and slowed down. Forced me to stop the car. At this time, I followed the car behind me and suddenly jumped out of three people. Surrounded my car in a zigzag pattern, two people beside the car took out their cameras and slapped me for a while. After taking the photo, the motorcyclist actually stopped other vehicles so that the three paparazzi could leave quickly. "

　　"I still remember my girlfriend blurting out in horror:’ This seems to be an inland road kidnapping.’ "

　　Cheng Jienan said angrily, just for a few photos, these paparazzi actually ignored the safety of others. Who will bear the responsibility if the rear vehicles fail to brake and a serial car accident occurs? Apple Daily? Fat guy Li?

　　Until late August, 1999, the Law Reform Commission of Hong Kong published two documents, such as Consultation Document on Media’s Invasion of Privacy, and suggested that a "Privacy Protection Press Council" should be established by legislation to deal with complaints about invasion of privacy by newspapers and magazines, and a three-month public consultation period was launched. As a result, various circles in Hong Kong have debated on the issues of "privacy right" and "freedom of the press", which has become one of the hot spots of widespread concern in Hong Kong society.

　　Tung Chee-hwa, the Chief Executive of the SAR, said that there was no doubt about the government’s determination to protect press freedom. The Government will resolutely protect the freedom of speech and the press in accordance with the Basic Law., However, no one should ignore the proper ethics of the media under the pretext of "freedom of the press", and seek profits only, even at the expense of selling pornography, exaggerating violence and even distorting and slandering.

　　Some scholars have pointed out that it is not contradictory to protect "freedom of the press" and "privacy right" from infringement. While reminding the media to safeguard the freedom of the press and perform their supervisory functions, they should also shoulder social responsibilities, care about the interests of the people and protect the "privacy rights" of the citizens.

　　Troubled by paparazzi’s follow-up, the entertainment industry pointed out that in advanced overseas countries such as the United Nations and the European Union, freedom of the press and the right to privacy can be equally valued, so as a civilized society, neither side should be ignored. The Hong Kong Artists Association believes that Hong Kong definitely needs to establish a healthy system to balance the protection of press freedom and privacy rights.

　　Last summer, 70% of the newspapers in Hong Kong formed the Hong Kong Press Council, hoping to improve the professional level and ethics of the newspapers in Hong Kong, and to receive complaints from the public about the invasion of privacy by newspapers. However, several high-selling newspapers in Hong Kong, such as Oriental Daily, Apple Daily and Sun, did not join the organization, and the representativeness of the Council was questioned to some extent.

　　Zhang Guiyang, executive director of the Hong Kong Association of News Executives, said that news reports in Hong Kong tend to be "alienated" and entertaining. The problem lies in journalists’ lack of understanding of their duties. He believes that journalists should have the idea of passing on moral values to the next generation.

　　A recent survey found that young people in Hong Kong do not appreciate celebrity scandals as headlines, nor do they agree with the despicable interview methods of "paparazzi". Only 6% of them think newspapers are trustworthy.

　　This survey, conducted by Caritas-Hong Kong Youth and Community Service, only involves more than 800 people, but it shows that Hong Kong society has lost confidence in the media, and the "paparazzi" interview method has begun to produce bad results. When will Hong Kong media get rid of the "paparazzi nightmare" and regain the glory of the "uncrowned emperor"?

　　All people are good, paparazzi is a business.

　　Following the paparazzi, a variant of paparazzi photography team-information paparazzi has recently emerged in the media market all over the world. These information experts, armed to the teeth, are erratic and secretive. They can track all kinds of privacy and scandals of celebrities all over the world through the Internet or other high-tech means. Faced with the massive publication of private information, even media organizations with serious news as their signboard have to put down their airs and bid for all kinds of important secrets provided by information paparazzi. Paparazzi spirit has become a kind of entertainment for all people.

　　The main reason why the media relies heavily on the information paparazzi is the cruel competition in the market. As we all know, advertising is the lifeline for the media to survive, and the advertising revenue is closely related to the influence of the media in the audience. In today’s modern society, exposing the dark and revealing the hidden has become a big industry with annual sales of several billion dollars. No media wants to cut a piece of cake.

　　Experts pointed out that there are two new trends in the development of global media in the new century: entertainment and localization. The paparazzi spirit is a wonderful embodiment of entertainment. According to a report published by Deutsche Bank in Hong Kong in November, 2000, Next Weekly and Apple Daily make a profit of about HK$ 300 million for Boss Li every year. Entertainment is a fruitful business, which is why paparazzi are always thriving. (Aivi Lu)

　　Excerpt from: Phoenix Weekly

　　

　　Xinhua News Agency, Shanghai, November 10th (Reporter Zhou Rui) Garbage sorting robot, replaceable cream, hydrogen fuel car & HELIP; … Many "green faces" in the 2nd China International Import Expo(CIIE) are becoming the new darling of the purchasing group.

　　Because of the garbage sorting policy, the trash can of British brand Joseph Joseph was sold out of stock on Tmall "618". Wang Xian, Marketing Manager of Jieshan (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd., said that with the implementation of the garbage sorting policy in more and more cities, even the high-end classified garbage bins with a price of more than 3,000 yuan "have more sales in one month than the sum of the past year". "Now the exhibition in China International Import Expo(CIIE) has brought us more opportunities, and the market potential of China’s future green environmental protection concept is still great."

　　To classify garbage, it is necessary to reduce the output of garbage at the source. Lancome brought a "replaceable" cream, which can be put into the original bottle as long as it is filled after use. This design can reduce the average packaging volume of the product and the overall weight by 39%, and the use of adhesive tape is also saved through the "zipper bite" design of the packaging box.

　　There are also many "black technologies" behind the "green face".

　　Grabbing and dropping: In the ABB exhibition area of Hall 4.1 of Shanghai National Convention and Exhibition Center, the robot quickly and accurately dropped the mineral water bottles on the conveyor belt into the recyclable trash can and the bread into the wet trash can, which impressed the exhibitors with its high accuracy.

　　Amco, a packaging giant from Australia, has brought "green packaging", replacing the aluminum foil layer in traditional packaging with silicon plating technology, which can not only achieve 100% recycling, but also make transparent packaging. Chen Lidan, brand director of Amway China, said that by 2025, all the products of Amway will be recyclable or recyclable.

　　"Green Face" brings "Green Order". The central enterprise Aerospace Engineering Company signed a product purchase agreement with German SWR Measurement Technology Engineering Co., Ltd. during its stay in China International Import Expo(CIIE), and foreign high-end technology will bring a new "booster" to improve the efficiency of aerospace pulverized coal pressurized gasification technology in the future, and improve the clean utilization rate of coal.

Previous survey data show that Guangyuan City is poor in wind energy resources.

byAt the end of December, 2021, four central enterprises "grabbed the wind" in Guangyuan, with a total investment of nearly 7 billion yuan and a total installed capacity of over 810,000 kilowatts.

During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the complementary development of water and scenery was carried out, and a "Tingzikou-Baozhu Temple" project was rebuilt.

The river is surging, the wind is leisurely, the sun is scorching, the water and scenery are in full swing, and Guangyuan is developing green energy."the horse is whipped and not saddled."

The mountains are continuous and towering. From a distance, it looks like a fan impeller with fairy dancing sleeves, but it looks like a monster at close range. In the sun, a breeze turns with silver leaves, converting wind energy into electricity.

Time returnAt 19: 09 on December 16th, 2014, a special honor was awarded to Guangyuan-the first mountain wind power generation in Sichuan Province was sent from Datang Fangdiping Wind Farm. Guangyuan wind power generation, Datang Group became the first person to eat crabs. In December 2011, Fangdiping Wind Power Project with an installed capacity of 30,000 kilowatts obtained the "birth certificate". Ten years later, in June 2021, Datang Group invested a total of 2.892 billion yuan and successively built five wind farms in Guangyuan, including Wangjiangping, Liangshuiquan, Hejiashan and Luoquanyan, with a total installed capacity of 320,000 kilowatts.

A stone stirs up a thousand waves. The news that Datang Group entered the field of Guangyuan wind power spread like wildfire, and the central enterprises China Guangdong Nuclear Power Corporation, China Energy Conservation Corporation and China Power Construction Corporation, which smelled good opportunities for development, rushed to the Guangyuan wind power market.By the end of December 2021, four central enterprises had invested a total of 6.823 billion yuan, with a total installed capacity of 819,200 kilowatts, and built 10 wind farms.

"From January to June this year, Fangdiping Power Plant sent out 20.72 million kWh." Dang Zhehui, chief engineer of Datang Sichuan Power Generation Co., Ltd. New Energy Branch, told reporters about the "transcripts" in the first half of the year. The reporter learned from the municipal development and reform that in the first half of the year, the city sent 748.62 million kwh of wind power, equivalent to saving 92,000 tons of standard coal and reducing 746,400 tons of carbon dioxide.

The development and utilization of green energy such as wind power has significantly optimized the production structure of primary energy in the city. till/extremelyBy the end of 2020, wind power and natural gas increased substantially, with average annual growth rates of 74.64% and 56.71% respectively. The speed of coal production slowed down, with an average annual decrease of 19.75%.

　

At present, Guangyuan’s installed wind power ranks second in the province. Turning the advantage of wind energy resources into the advantage of green development, Guangyuan seized the opportunity.

"The west wind on the river makes a jolt at night" (Ming Yang Shen’s "On Jialing River"), this "jolt" wind has been blowing for hundreds of years and has been blowing until now. Today’s Guangyuan, the wind is famous, but it can tell the male from the female. The sound of "hoo-hoo-hoo" is a "public wind"; The sound of "Ho-ho-ho-ho" is the "mother wind". The "public wind" can uproot the towering trees, and the "mother wind" can blow the yellow leaves out of the clouds. The champion used a word "Dian" to depict the soul of the wind; Ordinary people use "male and female" to describe the shape of the wind. There are also folk songs: the wind in Guangyuan, the onion in Zhaohua.

From the geographical point of view: Guangyuan is located in the north of Sichuan Basin, at the southern foot of Qinling Mountains and at the exit of Jialing River Valley.Under the action of "gorge tube effect", the airflow accelerates through the canyon, and the wind speed increases accordingly, forming more wind energy than the nearby areas. Whether it is historical records, folk proverbs or geographical space, Guangyuan is "the wind is roaring". But who had expected that when wind power was to be developed, Guangyuan was actually a wind-poor area, and wind energy had no development value.

This assertion is not groundless, but comes from the existing satellite survey data. Our city is poor in wind energy resources, so it isIn the demonstration opinion of the province’s wind energy resources planning issued in 2007, our city is not included in the detailed exploration area of the provincial planning, so it cannot be developed and constructed.

Is the historical record wrong? Can’t the good geographical location of our city generate wind energy? surely it doesn’t mean that…/could it be said that…….. Complaints can’t change the status quo, only science can overcome fallacies.

In recent years, the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, with the support of Chaotian District, Municipal Meteorological Bureau, Municipal Science and Technology Bureau and other departments, invited experts and scholars from Jiangsu Branch of China Wind Power Association, China Wind Power Company, Datang New Energy Company and Northwest Electric Power Design Institute to conduct field research and field survey on the city’s wind energy resources, and set up two.10m anemometer tower. After more than a year of data collection, it is estimated that the theoretical development of wind energy is above 2.6 million kilowatts. Experts believe that our city is not only an area rich in wind energy resources, but also has high development and utilization value.

selfIn December 2011, the first wind farm in our city, Fangdiping, was approved for construction. Ten wind farms have been developed and built in the past ten years.

The leaves are long and the wind is not over.

At present, the development of wind power in Guangyuan is imminent. Following the completion of wind power projects in Chaotian District, Lizhou District, Zhaohua District and Jiange County, our city has recently been newly approved by the Provincial Development and Reform Commission and the Provincial Energy Bureau.Seven, with a total investment of 4.096 billion yuan and an installed capacity of 632,200 kilowatts. The investment and distribution areas of the projects are: 3 projects in Zhaohua District, with a total investment of 2.018 billion yuan and an installed capacity of 302,200 kilowatts, including 147,400 kilowatts in Phase II, 72,000 kilowatts in Phase III and 82,800 kilowatts in Phase IV of China Power Construction Baiguo Wind Power; There are 4 projects in Jiange County, with a total investment of 2.078 billion yuan and an installed capacity of 330,000 kilowatts, including 100,000 kilowatts of Tiantai Mountain Phase III, 30,000 kilowatts of Zhongguang Nuclear Bowl Spring, 100,000 kilowatts of Ximiao and 100,000 kilowatts of Guangping.

Wind power development is in the ascendant, and good news comes from the Municipal Development and Reform Commission.—— The Preliminary Implementation Plan for the Water and Scenery Complementary Development Project in the 14th Five-Year Plan of Guangyuan City (hereinafter referred to as the Implementation Plan) has been evaluated by an expert group organized by the Provincial Energy Bureau in conjunction with the Provincial Engineering Consulting and Research Institute.

The minutes of the evaluation meeting of the expert group pointed out that the Implementation Plan conforms to the overall requirements of the national clean energy development and the relevant national and provincial development policies and regulations, and the construction management content has a positive role in promoting the development of local photovoltaic and wind power in an orderly manner. Total installed capacity of the implementation plan project2.179 million kilowatts, with an estimated total investment of 12.3 billion yuan. Relying on Tingzikou Power Station and Baozhusi Power Station, the wind power and photovoltaic resources in a certain range of the two power stations will be sent out by using the existing power grids of the hydropower stations. "During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, it is planned to build an installed capacity of 1.779 million kilowatts with an estimated total investment of 10.3 billion yuan. Implement and rebuild a’ Tingzikou-Baozhu Temple’ project. " Peng Shiyang, director of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, said with confidence.

Silver leaves are shining on the top of the mountains, and Guangyuan wind energy blows into the homes of ordinary people!

　

Fang floor, Guangyuan wind power generation"Elder". Since the power generation in December 2014, by July 2, 2022, a total of 397 million kWh has been generated.

On July 2, the reporter climbed to Fangdiping, the former northwest township of Chaotian District, a mountain at an altitude of 1,500 meters, and listened to the story of the wind farm told by the builder.

The mountain is named Fang terrace, and the wind farm is also named Fang terrace. High tower20 wind turbines, 70 meters long and 89 meters long, stand on the ridge surrounded by clouds and fog in turn. When the blades turn, wind energy is converted into electric energy. Facing a reporter with a blank face, Dang Zhehui, chief engineer of the new energy branch of Datang Sichuan Power Generation Co., Ltd., "dispelled doubts" to the reporter.

Mountain breeze blows the impeller of the fan, which drives the generator to convert wind energy into electromagnetic induction.690 volts of electricity. The wind turbine box transformer boosts the electric energy of 690 V to 35 kV, and then it is sent to the Fangdiping booster station through the power collection line, and then it is boosted to 110 kV by the main transformer, and sent to the Mingyuexia Substation of the State Grid to enter the Sichuan power grid.

A wisp of breeze in the forest, that’s all."Butterfly changes" the electricity that adults need for food, clothing, housing and transportation, and industrial agriculture.

Since it was put into production, Fangdi floor fan has been running safely for nearly three years.Eight years. In the past eight years, China’s manufacturing industry has undergone earth-shaking changes. In order to monitor the operation parameters of wind turbines, Fangdiping Wind Farm has built a central control room. Now, Datang Sichuan New Energy has built a more advanced central control room in Chengdu-fans and photovoltaics that can centrally monitor the electric fields in Guangyuan, Liangshan and Ganzi. Therefore, the central control room of Fangdiping Wind Farm has completed its historical mission and no longer undertakes monitoring tasks. Wu Yingang, deputy stationmaster of Guangyuan Operation and Maintenance Station of Datang Sichuan New Energy Branch, told the reporter that in order to keep pace with the times, it was decided to carry out technical transformation on the fan.

Installed capacity of Fangdiping wind farm30,000 kilowatts, consisting of 20 1500-watt fans. This transformation will extend the diameter of the wind wheel from 89 meters to 1.5 meters, reaching 90.5 meters. After the technical transformation is completed, the utilization rate of wind energy will increase by more than 5%. After the technical transformation, the wind farm will dance in the mountains with a brand-new attitude.

Zhang Jiaming is a security officer of Fangdiping Wind Farm, and he is from Lizhou District.Worked in January 2016.

Attending the pre-class meeting is Zhang Jiaming every day.The main content of the pre-class meeting is "three stresses and one implementation" According to the assigned tasks, Zhang Jiaming went to the wind farm to carry out maintenance work.

Zhang Jiaming said that when he first joined the work, the road conditions of Fangdiping Wind Farm were poor, and he patrolled the collector lines, so he had to walk where the vehicles could not reach. Shuttle through the mountains, walk every day.8 kilometers. "Sometimes there are snakes." Seeing the reporter’s surprise, the young man disagreed: "In fact, I am not afraid."

Nowadays, it’s all cement roads, and patrolling the mountains (referring to patrolling the collecting lines) is all about driving and patrolling in one day.More than 20 kilometers, no need to walk.

Dang Zhehui added that the change is not only the car patrol, but also the digital wisdom upgrade of Fangdiping Wind Farm, which improves the labor productivity of all employees and the happiness index of employees.

　

Guangyuan wind power generation can be described as from scratch, from existence to strength!

This change is inseparable from the project.

The first is to continue to strive for projects. Initially, experts believed that Guangyuan did not have the conditions for wind power development. Later, Fangdiping wind power project was approved.

Today, Guangyuan hasThere are 10 wind farms with an installed capacity of nearly 820,000 kilowatts, which is larger than Baozhusi Power Station. The achievement of these achievements is the result of continuing to strive for the project. Winning the project is bound to encounter all kinds of difficulties. In the face of difficulties, if you flinch, the difficulties will become bigger and bigger. In the face of difficulties, if you go forward bravely, difficulties will be trampled underfoot. In terms of winning projects, Guangyuan people took the initiative and enterprising spirit to reach the goal, and finally won 10 wind power projects. In the face of achievements, Guangyuan people are not satisfied, but continue to strive for projects. Hard work pays off, and Guangyuan has won seven wind power projects with a total investment of over 4 billion yuan.

The second is to promote projects with high efficiency. To land the hard-won project, we must build it well. In recent years, Guangyuan has continued to carry out project year activities, continue to fight on wall charts, and continue to carry out project training and evaluation. There are fewer difficulties to talk about, and there are more ways to promote projects. In the hot construction, wind power projects have changed from blueprints to wind farms. Project construction, love to fight will win.

Once again, it is to operate the project well. People often say that projects"Trilogy": recruit, build and turn. No matter how good the project is, if it can’t be turned around, it will be unsustainable. Therefore, it is very important to run the project well. The Baiguo wind power project, which was completed at the end of December last year, received 95.62 million kWh of electricity in the first half of this year, achieving the scheduled goal. To run the project well, apart from relying on professional talents, it is more important for the local government to provide a good business environment. At present, Guangyuan is making efforts to create the best business environment in Sichuan, that is, to make the enterprises generated by the project focus on development. Only when the enterprise operates smoothly can it gradually recover its previous investment. Only in this way can the investment, construction and operation of enterprises enter a virtuous circle, and enterprises can have more confidence in project investment.

The construction history of Guangyuan wind power project proves that the project construction in our city is stable and far-reaching.

In the face of Dong Jie’s ability to calm down and play the role of anti-Japanese officer in the "Thirteen Women" in Shawn Dou.

　　Whether it’s the third child in Love with a Hawthorn Tree or Qu Qiubai in Autumn Flowers, both roles played by Shawn Dou are somewhat literary, and he doesn’t mind being called a "literary niche". The relationship between him and Angel in the film is beautiful and romantic. When asked about the difference between Qu Qiubai and the third child, Shawn Dou said: "I played the third child as my true color, and the role of Qu Qiubai is more complicated. I am far from him except that I have studied in school." Before filming, Shawn Dou did a lot of preparatory work. Not only did he read a lot of written materials, but he also contacted Qu Qiubai’s adopted daughter and did his homework.

　　Angel plays Yang Zhihua in Autumn Flowers, and Qu Qiubai are lovers. Although Dong Jie is eight years older than Dou Xiao, Shawn Dou admits that they have a very happy cooperation. "We have become good friends now, and she has a very special temperament, which can make me calm down and act with peace of mind, and I have learned a lot from her."

　　Shawn Dou also admitted that he really wanted to play an action movie now, and Zhang Yimou wanted to shoot flowers of war. After he recommended himself, he got the director’s permission to play an anti-Japanese soldier in the film. "At that time, I just mentioned (my own idea) to the director, and he agreed. In fact, I am definitely on call for Zhang’s play." Shawn Dou said that he will be filming in the group this month (April), but he still knows nothing about the role.

1905 movie network news On March 22nd, a feature film was released by the film directed and starring.At present, the film is being shown all over the country, which has won the audience’s super-high reputation: "the best film in 2021 so far", "constant tension, constant jokes and cruelty" and "absolutely need two brushes. Many details are worth tasting. " Buy tickets immediately and feel the thrilling survival test.

Make up a nonexistent language for survival.　

Behind every word is a life.

During World War II, Giles (Nahuel Pérez Biscayart), a Jew, was arrested and sent to a German concentration camp. He lied that he was a Persian to save his life and escaped being shot. Although this lie saved him temporarily, Gilles was taken by German officer Koch (Lars Eidinger) and asked to teach him Persian. Gilles, who knows nothing about Persian, can only make up a language out of thin air. He can only make up the word "Persian" in fear every day to survive.

Koch’s protection of Gilles aroused another SS guard (Jonas Nay)’ s suspicion of Gilles. During his life in a concentration camp of more than 700 days, Gilles passed away from death every day. How long can this language, which only two people know, help Gilles hide? The film is full of tension and people can’t help but hold their breath.

In the exposed feature film, Giles, a Jew, lied that he was a Persian. After 700 days in the concentration camp, all the Jews who survived in the concentration camp were about to be slaughtered. The German officer Koch took him out of the concentration camp and let him live. Then Giles was saved by the Allies. In the allied tent, Gilles, who no longer calls himself Reza, told the allied officers that although all the files in the concentration camp had been destroyed, he still remembered the names of some victims. Under the gaze of the gathering crowd, he read out the names of those "nobody" one by one in the uncontrollable SOB.

High score, high energy and high reputation　

The whole network strongly recommends creating ultra-high heat

The film Farsi Course was adapted from a real event. In August, 2020, the film was selected as the official recommendation unit of the 10th Beijing International Film Festival and held the Asian premiere. It was hard to find a ticket for the only offline screening that sold out in 5 seconds. Previously, after the world premiere of the film at the Berlin Film Festival, it gained a lot of praise from overseas media. Today, Persian Course still maintains a high score of 8.3 in Douban, and is called a must-see movie by countless fans.

In Persian class, Giles, a Jew, used the names of 2840 compatriots to accuse the evidence of war. The film does not show cruelty with a lot of war scenes, but the words "Persian" can directly hit the hearts of every audience. Immediately after the film was released, it aroused enthusiastic response on all major platforms, with the recommendation rate of Big V as high as 92%, and the score of Cat’s Eye and Taobao Film as high as 9.3, which was highly recommended by many filmmakers and film critics.

The professional film media commented that "a film that can’t be missed in the cinema recently", and the audience also said that "the emotions are restrained and shocking" and "a film that hits the soul directly". The film was not shortlisted for the best international film award because it failed to meet the requirements of applying for the country, which is the biggest legacy of this year’s Oscar. However, the film has been recognized by audiences at home and abroad, which is enough to make it one of the must-see foreign language films this year.

　　Sitting in the driver’s seat of this speed machine, what you can see completely subverts the previous understanding of the interior of super sports cars. All the buttons that can be omitted are omitted from CCR’s center console. However, the more important functions are still preserved, and the styles of function buttons are relatively novel. A circle of round metal buttons is very similar to old-fashioned telephone buttons.

　　The CCR steering wheel is very simple, which is an ordinary steering wheel wrapped in leather, because although the multi-function steering wheel is very practical, the buttons on the steering wheel will definitely become cumbersome for ultra-high-speed driving or driving on the field. CCR’s gear handle is also very ingenious. The height of the gear lever is much higher than that of a normal car, so it must be designed for the convenience of the driver. This manual 6-speed forward gearbox is provided by Cima, which also designs for F1 racing cars. The speed ratio of the rear group of the gearbox they designed for CCR can make the car reach about 400 km/h at 7300 rpm.

　　How is it possible to lose carbon fiber material in a super sports car? Although CCR’s center console does not use carbon fiber material, it is wrapped in frosted leather instead. However, we still see the carbon fiber material at the air outlet of the air conditioner, which can still play a certain decorative role in the car.

　　K? nigsek CCR’s seats are very particular. According to the data, K? nigsek CCR’s seats are specially designed, which can meet the needs of daily driving and meet the requirements of high-speed competition. Ergonomics experts from Koenigsegg Automobile Company equipped this carbon fiber seat with Tempur material developed by NASA. This material is made of 100% polyurethane, which was first developed by NASA for aerospace projects. It is very effective in buffering pressure and weight. When the heat and weight of human body are applied to the seat, the pressure will be evenly distributed immediately to prevent the pressure on the protruding parts of human body from increasing. In Europe, mattresses, pillows and back cushions made of Tempur materials are widely used in hospitals and are the best materials for operating tables. Moreover, the seat of Koenigsegg CCR can be adjusted in many directions.

The following is quoted from the network:

　　The engine base of CCR comes from a 4.7-liter V8 engine that was once used in the world. If it is not modified, it will be around 300 horsepower. The key to the promotion is to install a device from Lysholm, a Swedish professional supercharger manufacturer, with a maximum pressurization value of 1.4 bar, which is like giving an ordinary athlete a stimulant and immediately getting excited. Such an engine drive only has a body weight of 1180 kilograms (about the same), which is unimaginable. The specially developed Swedish Lysholm double-screw compressor and the exhaust system made of titanium are also factors to help it improve its power.

Summary:

　　For such a rare speed machine in the world, all we can do is to worship. It has become unrealistic to hope to own such a super sports car with one of the highest speeds in the world so far. How many people can spend 15.8 million to buy a car? (At least I didn’t have the chance)

---

Brand history: (quoted from the Internet)

　　Koenigsegg is a brand specializing in the design and production of super sports cars. Its founder is a Swede, and his name is Christian von Koenigsegg. He had a dream of making his own super sports car since he was a child, and with his gradual success in his career. In 1994, at the age of 22, he finally established Koenigsegg Automobile Company.

　　Two years later, the first prototype CC was born. In this process, Christian received great assistance from the company. In addition to providing funds, Volvo also provided the wind tunnel laboratory for Christian to use, and the first batch of loading engines were provided by Volvo’s parent company Ford, but Koenigsegg added a supercharged system on this basis.

　　After the start, Koenigsegg began a series of dazzling performances on the world stage: he appeared at Cannes Film Festival in 1997, the first production car CC8S premiered at Paris Motor Show in 2000, released CCR in 2004, CCX in 2006 and CCX in 2008. In 14 years, Koenigsegg has grown from nothing, from obscurity to becoming an influential sports car manufacturer in the world. In this process, the world record set in 2005 is undoubtedly the most surprising chapter for the industry.

　　On February 28th, 2005, at the Nardo circuit in Italy, Koenigsegg CCR ran an amazing speed of 387.9 kilometers per hour, which broke the world record of 386.7 kilometers per hour set by McLaren F1 in 1998, and CCR became the fastest production car in the world at that time. Although this record was later broken by Bugatti, is the research and development strength of Bugatti’s parent company’s car comparable to that of a small factory like Koenigsegg? Therefore, it is an honor for CCR to set a world record.

　　People’s Daily Online, Beijing, October 1 (Reporter Hao Mengjia) Thousands of college students watched the flag-raising ceremony in Tiananmen Square, and the party secretary of the university led a team to visit the red education base … … On the eve of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the arrival of the 73rd National Day, the Education Working Committee of Beijing Municipal Committee and the Municipal Education Commission organized colleges and universities to carry out a series of colorful theme practice activities around the theme of "Welcome to the 20th New Era of Striving", so that the college students who stayed in Beijing during the National Day could enjoy their holidays and have a good ideological and political lesson.

　　More than a thousand teachers and students in colleges and universities wish the motherland prosperity.

　　This morning, in Tiananmen Square, in the loud national anthem, the bright five-star red flag Ran Ran rose. More than a thousand teachers and students from Peking University, Tsinghua University, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Capital Normal University and other universities stood in front of the national flag, paid attention to it and sang the national anthem with high respect and full enthusiasm, wishing the great motherland prosperity together.

　　Teachers and students from capital universities attended the flag-raising ceremony.

　　This morning, the creative exhibition on the theme of vivid practice of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the land of Beijing, the supreme leader of "Walking in the land of Beijing", opened in the Central Academy of Fine Arts, focusing on more than 160 outstanding works created by students from more than 30 colleges and universities. The reporter saw on the spot that exquisite works showed the great achievements of the party, and the unique perspective also showed contemporary college students’ feelings about the changes around them and their understanding and understanding of the new era. In addition, the organizers also sent these works to the campuses of major universities, and toured the exhibition by combining online and offline, so that more students can enjoy high-quality works without leaving the campus.

　　The theme exhibition "Walking in Beijing and Feeling the Great Power of Thought" was held in the Central Academy of Fine Arts.

　　It is understood that during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the Beijing Education Committee will also organize 200 student representatives from various universities in Beijing to visit the experimental field of Beijing Agricultural College to learn about modern agriculture, visit the achievement exhibition of the "Rural Revitalization" action plan for teachers and students in capital universities, and walk into the fields; About 14,000 teachers and students were organized to visit the exhibition on the theme of "Striving for a New Era". During the study and visit, they deeply felt the great achievements and great changes in the cause of the party and the state in the new era for 10 years, thought and understood the power and kinetic energy behind the changes, and were patriotic and committed to serving the country.

　　Deeply planting patriotic feelings of loving the party and entering the red stadium to study.

　　This morning, colleges and universities in the capital organized students to inherit the red gene in their visits, studies and experiences, and to continue the red blood, so as to cultivate the feelings of loving the party, patriotism and socialism. The reporter learned that this year’s communist party Historical Exhibition Hall, Xiangshan Revolutionary Memorial Hall, Peking University Red House, etc., became the "online celebrity punching place" for college teachers and students to visit and study during the National Day holiday, and scenes such as micro-lectures on party history and revisiting the oath of joining the party became beautiful landscapes in these places.

　　Qiu Yong, secretary of the Party Committee of Tsinghua University, led 120 teachers and students to visit the History Exhibition Hall in communist party, China. Faced with familiar figures of the Party history, real pictures, historical relics and precious videos, teachers and students were deeply moved and thinking.

　　Ma Junjie, secretary of the Party Committee of China Geo University (Beijing), and Huang Xiankai, secretary of the Party Committee of Beijing Technology and Business University, respectively led teachers and students to the Beijing Exhibition Hall to visit the theme achievement exhibition of "Striving for a New Era". Teachers and students visited six exhibition areas, including preface hall, central comprehensive exhibition area and local exhibition area.

　　Teachers and students of China Geo University (Beijing) visited the theme achievement exhibition of "Striving for a New Era"

　　Zhang Qihong, secretary of the Party Committee of Beijing Vocational College of Electronic Technology, also led a team to organize teachers and students to visit the Red Building of Peking University. During the process of watching and walking, he taught a "big ideological and political lesson" to teachers and students on the spot.

　　Teachers and students of Beijing Electronic Technology Vocational College visited the Red Building of Peking University.

　　The relevant person in charge of the Education Working Committee of the Beijing Municipal Committee told the reporter that in order to let the college students in Beijing spend a meaningful holiday during the National Day holiday, all colleges and universities in Beijing have designed and organized a variety of patriotic education activities with the focus on visiting and studying the red venues, guiding college students into the red venues, continuing the red blood and inheriting the red genes.

　　Nearly two thousand activities covered 278,000 students.

　　During the National Day holiday, while doing a good job in epidemic prevention and control, college students in the capital "learn", "sing", "talk" and "do", and combine wonderful recreational activities and sports online and offline to enrich students’ holiday life. At the same time, colleges and universities strengthen theme publicity through window, electronic screen, website and new media platform, forming a rich festive atmosphere. According to statistics, universities in the capital will hold a total of 1,756 on-campus activities, directly covering 278,000 students.

　　The colorful activities left a deep impression on college students. They all said that they were deeply educated in this big ideological and political class. Zeng Junqi, a graduate student of Tsinghua University Marxist Institute, said after visiting the communist party Historical Exhibition Hall in China that he deeply felt the magnificent course of the Communist Party of China (CPC) leading the people of China to create brilliance. We should take history as a mirror, remember the red history and inherit and carry forward the glorious tradition of our revolutionary predecessors.

　　Wang Jiawei, a counselor of China Geo University (Beijing), also said after watching the exhibition on the theme of "Striving for a New Era" that it is of great significance to let more people see the development of the motherland, social progress and national rejuvenation through this exhibition.

　　Gulypia Ynsup, a student from Class 202, School of Law, Beijing Technology and Business University, said with great pride after visiting the exhibition on the theme of "Striving for a New Era". The exhibition showed in an all-round way the great achievements made by people of all ethnic groups all over the country who clung together like pomegranate seeds and worked hard to overcome difficulties, and how lucky they were to be born in the new era.

　　Li Jiahao, a student from Beijing Vocational College of Electronic Technology, was deeply shocked by the thick history of the Red Mansion in Peking University. He said that it was as if he had returned to that stormy time, and saw a group of intellectuals thinking hard about the road to saving the country and the people at the time of the country’s and the nation’s peril, and they were desperate to shout and run, and deeply felt their noble patriotic sentiments and fearless heroism.

　　The reporter also learned that when planning various activities during the National Day, colleges and universities also carefully formulated prevention and control plans and emergency plans, and tried to carry out small-scale activities outdoors, which not only enriched students’ holiday life, but also kept the bottom line of epidemic prevention.

　　The Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Insurance Group Companies was adopted at the 10th Committee Meeting of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission in 2021 on August 19th, 2021. It is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

　　Chairman Guo Shuqing

　　November 24, 2021

　　Measures for the supervision and administration of insurance group companies

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 In order to strengthen the supervision and management of insurance group companies, effectively prevent the operational risks of insurance groups, and promote the healthy development of financial and insurance industries, these Measures are formulated in accordance with the Insurance Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Insurance Law), the Company Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and other laws and administrative regulations, as well as the Decision of the State Council on Setting Administrative Permissions for Administrative Examination and Approval Items that Need to Be Retained (Order No.412 of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China).

　　Article 2 The Insurance Regulatory Commission of the Bank of China (hereinafter referred to as China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission) shall, in accordance with laws, administrative regulations and the State Council’s authorization, and on the principle that substance is more important than form, conduct comprehensive, continuous and penetrating supervision and management over insurance group companies.

　　Article 3 The term "insurance group company" as mentioned in these Measures refers to a company registered in accordance with the law and established with the approval of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, which has the words "insurance group" or "insurance holding" in its name and exercises control, joint control or significant influence on the member companies of the insurance group.

　　Insurance group refers to an enterprise collection composed of insurance group companies and companies controlled, jointly controlled or greatly influenced by them. In this enterprise collection, besides insurance group companies, there are more than two subsidiaries that are insurance companies and insurance business is the main business of this enterprise collection.

　　The member companies of an insurance group refer to insurance group companies and companies controlled, jointly controlled or greatly influenced by them, including insurance group companies, subsidiaries directly or indirectly controlled by insurance group companies and other member companies.

　　Chapter II Establishment and Licensing

　　Article 4 The establishment of an insurance group company shall be submitted to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission for examination and approval and meet the following conditions:

　　(1) The investor meets the qualification requirements for shareholders of insurance companies as stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, and the shareholding structure is reasonable, and it controls at least 50% of the shares of two domestic insurance companies in total;

　　(2) Having member companies that meet the requirements of Article 6 of these Measures;

　　(3) The minimum registered capital is 2 billion yuan;

　　(4) Having directors, supervisors and senior managers who meet the qualification requirements stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission;

　　(5) Having a sound corporate governance structure, sound organizational structure, effective risk management and internal control management system;

　　(6) Having business premises, office equipment and information systems suitable for its operation and management;

　　(seven) other conditions stipulated by laws, administrative regulations and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Involving the disposal of risks, the above conditions may be appropriately relaxed with the approval of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 5 The supervision of equity and shareholders’ behavior of insurance group companies shall be governed by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission’s regulations on equity management of insurance companies.

　　Article 6 At least one insurance company controlled by the investor who intends to establish an insurance group company meets the following conditions:

　　(a) in China for more than 6 years;

　　(2) It has made continuous profits in the last three fiscal years;

　　(3) Its net assets at the end of the previous year are not less than 1 billion yuan, and its total assets are not less than 10 billion yuan;

　　(4) Having a sound corporate governance structure, sound organizational structure, effective risk management and internal control management system;

　　(5) The core solvency adequacy ratio is not less than 75% in the last four quarters, and the comprehensive solvency adequacy ratio is not less than 150%;

　　(6) Its comprehensive risk rating in the last four quarters is not lower than Class B;

　　(seven) in the last three years, there were no major violations of laws and regulations and major acts of dishonesty.

　　Article 7 An insurance group company may be established in the following two ways:

　　(1) Initiating the establishment. The shareholders of an insurance company, as promoters, set up an insurance group company with their equity and monetary contributions, of which the total monetary contribution shall not be less than 50% of the registered capital of the insurance group company.

　　(2) Renaming the establishment. An insurance company is renamed as an insurance group company, and the insurance group company establishes an insurance subsidiary with monetary contribution, and the insurance business of the original insurance company is transferred to the insurance subsidiary according to law.　

　　The establishment of insurance group companies includes two stages: preparation and opening.　

　　Article 8 Where an insurance group company is established by means of sponsorship, the sponsors shall submit the following materials to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission in the preparatory stage:

　　An application for establishment, including the name, organizational form, registered capital, domicile (business premises), investors, investment amount, investment proportion, business scope, preparatory organization, contact person and contact information of the company to be established;

　　(2) Feasibility study report, including feasibility analysis, establishment mode, development strategy, corporate governance and organizational framework, risk management and internal control system, solvency evaluation of insurance subsidiaries before and after integration, etc.;

　　(3) the preparation plan, including the establishment of the preparatory group, work responsibilities and work plans, the equity structure of the insurance group company to be established and its subsidiaries, the overall planning and operation process for rationalizing the equity relationship, the name and business category of the subsidiaries, etc.;

　　(4) The materials of the person-in-charge of the preparatory group, including the investor’s letter of confirmation on the appointment of the person-in-charge of the preparatory group and the proposed chairman and general manager, the basic information of the person-in-charge of the preparatory group, the personal approval certificate, the application form for the qualification of the proposed chairman and general manager, the identity certificate and the copy of the academic degree certificate;

　　(5) Draft articles of association of the insurance group company;

　　(6) The audited financial report and solvency report of the insurance company controlled by the promoters in the last three years;

　　(7) Business license;

　　(8) Relevant materials of investors, including basic information materials, financial information materials, corporate governance materials, subsidiary information materials, special materials of investors in limited partnership enterprises, etc.;

　　(9) documents certifying the ownership or right to use the domicile (business premises);

　　(ten) long-term development strategy and planning, business plan, foreign investment plan, capital and financial management, risk management and internal control and other major systems;

　　(eleven) information construction report;

　　(twelve) legal opinions;

　　(13) Anti-money laundering materials;

　　(14) A statement on the authenticity of the materials;

　　(fifteen) other materials stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 9 Where an insurance group company is established by renaming, the insurance company to be renamed shall submit the following materials to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission in the preparatory stage:

　　(1) An application for renaming, which shall specify the name, organizational form, registered capital, domicile (business premises), business scope, preparatory organization, contact person and contact information of the company to be renamed;

　　(2) Feasibility study report, including feasibility analysis, renaming method, corporate governance and organizational framework, development strategy, risk management and internal control system, and solvency assessment of insurance companies before and after renaming;

　　(3) The name change plan, including the equity structure of the insurance group company to be established and its subsidiaries, the overall planning and operation process for rationalizing the equity relationship, the name and business category of the subsidiaries, etc.;

　　(4) The materials of the person-in-charge of the preparatory group, including the investor’s letter of confirmation on the appointment of the person-in-charge of the preparatory group and the proposed chairman and general manager, the basic information of the person-in-charge of the preparatory group, the personal approval certificate, the application form for the qualification of the proposed chairman and general manager, the identity certificate and a copy of the academic degree certificate;

　　(5) Draft articles of association of the insurance group company;

　　(six) the resolution of the shareholders’ (general) meeting of the insurance company to change its name and establish an insurance group company;

　　(7) The audited financial report and solvency report of the insurance company in the last three years;

　　(eight) the business license after the name change;

　　(9) documents certifying the ownership or right to use the domicile (business premises);

　　(ten) long-term development strategy and planning, business plan, foreign investment plan, capital and financial management, risk management and internal control and other major systems;

　　(eleven) information construction report;

　　(twelve) legal opinions;

　　(13) Anti-money laundering materials;

　　(14) A statement on the authenticity of the materials;

　　(fifteen) other materials stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 10 Where an insurance group company is established, the promoters or the insurance company to be renamed shall submit the following materials to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission at the opening stage:

　　(1) An application for starting business, including the company’s name, domicile (business place), legal representative, registered capital, shareholding structure, business area and business scope, and the list of directors, supervisors, senior managers and key position managers to be proposed.

　　(2) If the establishment is initiated, the resolution of the founding meeting shall be provided; if there is no resolution of the founding meeting, the documents or resolutions of all investors agreeing to apply for business opening shall be submitted; In case of renaming, the resolution of the shareholders’ (general) meeting shall be provided.

　　(3) Articles of association of the insurance group company and rules of procedure of the shareholders’ (general) meeting, the board of directors and the board of supervisors.

　　(4) If the establishment is initiated, a capital verification report shall be provided; If the company adopts the method of renaming its establishment, it shall provide the asset appraisal report, customer and creditor rights protection plan and employee rights protection plan to be injected into the newly established insurance subsidiary.

　　(5) Development planning, including planning elements such as the company’s strategic objectives, business development, institutional development, solvency management, capital management, risk management and safeguard measures.

　　(6) Resumes of the directors, supervisors and senior managers to be appointed and the certification materials that meet the corresponding qualifications.

　　(7) The organizational structure of the company, including the establishment of departments and the basic composition of personnel.

　　(8) Asset custody agreement or letter of intent for asset custody cooperation.

　　(nine) the certificate of ownership or right to use the residence (business premises) and the fire safety certificate.

　　(ten) information construction report.

　　(eleven) the company’s internal management system.

　　(12) Business license.

　　(13) Relevant materials of investors, including financial information materials, tax payment certificates and credit records, information on the ownership structure, controlling shareholders and actual controllers, a statement of no record of major violations of laws and regulations, and a commitment letter for investment in self-owned funds.

　　(14) Anti-money laundering materials.

　　(15) A statement on the authenticity of the materials.

　　(sixteen) other materials stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 11 To establish an insurance group company, it shall register with the market supervision and management department in industrial and commercial registration and obtain a business license.

　　An insurance group company shall be approved by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission before it can carry out relevant business activities. After approval by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, an insurance license shall be issued.

　　The time limit for examination and approval of the establishment of insurance group companies shall be implemented with reference to the relevant provisions of insurance companies.

　　Chapter III Operating Rules

　　Article 12 The business of an insurance group company is mainly equity investment and management.

　　Insurance group companies should use their own funds to carry out major equity investments. Major equity investment refers to the investment behavior of controlling the invested enterprise.

　　Article 13 An insurance group company shall abide by the requirements of laws, administrative regulations and other regulatory provisions in its insurance business, equity management and use of insurance funds.

　　Article 14 On the basis of respecting the operational autonomy of independent legal persons of subsidiaries and other member companies, insurance group companies shall make overall management of the equity investment of the whole group to prevent disorderly expansion.

　　Article 15 An insurance group company may invest in the following insurance enterprises:

　　(1) Insurance companies;

　　(2) Insurance asset management institutions;

　　(3) specialized insurance agencies, insurance brokerage agencies and insurance assessment agencies;

　　(four) other insurance enterprises approved by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 16 An insurance group company may invest in non-insurance financial enterprises.

　　The book balance of major equity investments made by insurance group companies and their subsidiaries in domestic non-insurance financial enterprises shall not exceed 30% of the consolidated net assets of the group at the end of last year.

　　Article 17 An insurance group company and its subsidiaries shall, in principle, not hold more than one share when investing in an enterprise with the same main business in the same financial industry.

　　Article 18 An insurance group company may invest in non-financial enterprises related to insurance business as stipulated in Article 56 of these Measures.

　　Except for non-financial enterprises and project companies established for investment in real estate as stipulated in Article 56 of these Measures, the shareholding ratio of an insurance group company to other single non-financial enterprises shall not exceed 25%, or it shall not have a significant impact on the enterprise.

　　Article 19 The total book balance of major equity investments made by insurance group companies and their financial subsidiaries in domestic non-financial enterprises shall not exceed 10% of the consolidated net assets of the group at the end of last year.

　　Non-financial enterprises included in the calculation scope of the preceding paragraph refer to the first-level non-financial enterprises invested by insurance group companies and their financial subsidiaries in China.

　　The non-financial enterprises mentioned in this Article do not include the project companies established by insurance group companies and their financial subsidiaries for investing in real estate, and the shared service subsidiaries mainly providing services for insurance groups as stipulated in Item (1) of Paragraph 1 of Article 56 of these Measures.

　　Article 20 An insurance group company may make overseas investments.

　　The book balance of major equity investments made by insurance group companies and their domestic subsidiaries in overseas entities shall not exceed 10% of the consolidated net assets of the group at the end of last year.

　　The overseas entities included in the calculation of the preceding paragraph refer to the first-level overseas entities invested by insurance group companies and their domestic subsidiaries abroad.

　　The book balance of an insurance group company and its domestic subsidiaries investing in a single overseas non-financial entity shall not exceed 5% of the consolidated net assets of the group at the end of the previous year.

　　The overseas entities specified in this article do not include the project companies established by insurance group companies and their domestic financial subsidiaries for investing in real estate.

　　Chapter IV Corporate Governance

　　Article 21 An insurance group company shall, in accordance with the requirements of laws, administrative regulations and other regulatory provisions, establish a corporate governance framework that meets the following requirements:

　　(1) Covering all member companies of the Group;

　　(2) Covering all important matters of the Group;

　　(3) properly identify and balance the conflicts of interest between the member companies and the group as a whole and among the member companies.

　　The contents that the governance framework should pay attention to include but not limited to:

　　(1) Standardized governance structure;

　　(two) the appropriateness of the ownership structure and management structure;

　　(3) Clear boundaries of responsibilities;

　　(4) Financial soundness of major shareholders;

　　(5) Scientific development strategy, values and good social responsibility;

　　(6) Effective risk management and internal control;

　　(7) Reasonable incentive and restraint mechanism;

　　(8) Perfect information disclosure system.

　　Article 22 An insurance group company shall respect the operational autonomy of its subsidiaries and other member companies as independent legal persons, make overall management of the group’s human resources, financial accounting, data governance, information system, capital utilization, brand culture and other matters, strengthen business collaboration and resource sharing within the group, establish a risk management, internal control compliance and internal audit system covering the whole group, and improve the overall operational efficiency and risk prevention capability of the group.

　　Article 23 An insurance group company shall not abuse its control position or take other improper measures to damage the legitimate rights and interests of its subsidiaries and other stakeholders in the process of performing its management functions.

　　Article 24 An insurance group company shall organize the formulation of the overall strategic plan of the group, regularly evaluate the implementation of the strategic plan, and adjust and improve the strategic plan according to the actual development and changes in the external environment.

　　An insurance group company shall, according to the overall strategic planning of the group, guide its subsidiaries to formulate development strategies and business plans. An insurance group company shall set up or designate corresponding functional departments to regularly monitor and evaluate the implementation of the development strategy and business plan of its subsidiaries and put forward management opinions to ensure the realization of the overall objectives of the group and the responsibility objectives of its subsidiaries.

　　Article 25 An insurance group company shall reasonably determine the size and membership of the board of directors according to its own management needs.

　　Article 26 The board of directors of an insurance group company shall set up a special committee according to relevant regulatory requirements and actual conditions, and exercise such functions as auditing, nomination and remuneration management, strategic management, risk management and related party transaction management.

　　Article 27 An insurance group company shall guide its subsidiaries to establish a standardized corporate governance structure according to the overall strategic planning of the group and the management needs of its subsidiaries and the principles of compliance, simplification and high efficiency.

　　If the subsidiary is a listed company, the corporate governance shall conform to the listing rules and the regulatory requirements of the listed company.

　　Article 28 An insurance group company shall, while promoting the good operation of its shareholders’ (general) meeting, board of directors and board of supervisors in accordance with the law, strengthen decision-making support and organizational management for different levels and types of meetings of its subsidiaries.

　　An insurance group company shall establish or designate corresponding functional departments to provide support and services for the directors and supervisors of its subsidiaries to perform their duties. Directors and supervisors of subsidiaries shall be responsible for their performance of duties in the board of directors or the board of supervisors according to law.

　　Article 29 An insurance group company may, after filing with China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, exempt its insurance subsidiaries from the regulatory requirements on independent directors and special committees of the board of directors if it meets the following conditions:

　　(1) The insurance group has a sound corporate governance structure and an effective corporate governance mechanism, and has established a system of independent directors and special committees of the board of directors in accordance with relevant regulatory provisions;

　　(2) The insurance group company has established an effective control mechanism for its insurance subsidiaries.

　　In the event that an insurance subsidiary exempted in the preceding paragraph fails in its corporate governance mechanism or suffers from corporate governance defects, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may revoke the exemption as appropriate.

　　Article 30 An insurance group company shall have a concise, clear and penetrating equity structure.

　　An insurance group shall establish an organizational structure and management structure suitable for its strategic planning, risk status and management ability, so as to achieve a reasonable level of equity control of the insurance group company and its subordinate member companies, a clear and transparent organizational structure and a clear management structure.

　　Article 31 In principle, the level of equity control between an insurance group company and its financial subsidiaries shall not exceed three levels, and the level of equity control between its non-financial subsidiaries shall not exceed four levels. The calculation of the level of equity control is based on the level of the insurance group company. Special purpose entities that do not conduct business or actually operate, and project companies established to invest in real estate may not be counted in the above-mentioned equity control level.

　　Article 32 In principle, the member companies of an insurance group shall not cross-hold shares, and subsidiaries and other member companies shall not hold the shares of an insurance group company.

　　Article 33 In principle, the senior managers of an insurance group company may concurrently serve as the senior managers of at most one insurance subsidiary.

　　In principle, senior managers of subsidiaries and other member companies shall not concurrently hold positions with each other.

　　Article 34 An insurance group company shall establish and improve the performance evaluation system for directors, supervisors and senior managers covering the whole group.

　　An insurance group company shall establish a scientific and reasonable salary management mechanism and performance appraisal system that is compatible with the group’s development strategy, risk management, overall benefits, job responsibilities, social responsibilities and corporate culture.

　　Article 35 An insurance group company shall establish a unified internal audit system, conduct independent and objective supervision, evaluation and suggestions on the financial revenue and expenditure, business operation, internal control and risk management of the group and its member companies, and guide and evaluate the internal audit work of its subsidiaries.

　　If an insurance group company implements centralized or vertical management of internal audit, its subsidiaries may entrust the insurance group company to carry out internal audit.

　　Chapter V Risk Management

　　Article 36 An insurance group company shall integrate the group’s risk management resources, establish a comprehensive risk management system and a scientific and effective risk early warning mechanism that are suitable for the group’s strategic objectives, organizational structure and business model, and effectively identify, measure, evaluate, monitor and control the overall risks of the group.

　　Insurance group risks include but are not limited to:

　　(1) General risks, including insurance risk, credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, reputation risk and strategic risk;

　　(2) Unique risks, including risk contagion, opaque organizational structure, concentration risk, non-insurance risks, etc.

　　Article 37 An insurance group company shall set up a risk management department independent of the business department, responsible for the formulation and implementation of the group’s comprehensive risk management system, and require all business lines, subsidiaries and other member companies to formulate their own risk management policies under the framework of the group’s overall risk preference and risk management policies, so as to promote the consistency and effectiveness of the insurance group’s risk management.

　　Article 38 An insurance group company shall formulate a risk preference system at the group level, define the risk level that the group is willing and able to bear in the process of achieving its strategic objectives, determine the risk management objectives, and the risk tolerance and risk limit of the group for various risks.

　　The risk preference system shall be implemented after the approval of the board of directors, and shall be reviewed, revised and improved every year.

　　Article 39 An insurance group company shall, according to the overall development strategy and risk preference of the group, allocate various risk indicators and risk limits, and establish an over-limit disposal mechanism. The risk preference, risk tolerance and risk limit of subsidiaries and other member companies shall be coordinated with those of the Group.

　　An insurance group company shall monitor the implementation of the risk management system of the group as a whole, its subsidiaries and other member companies, and may require the member companies to adjust the risk limit based on the group risk limit when necessary.

　　Article 40 An insurance group company shall establish an information system to meet the needs of group risk management, ensure that it can obtain relevant information of group risk management accurately, comprehensively and timely, conduct qualitative and quantitative analysis of various risks, and effectively identify, evaluate and monitor the overall risk status of the group.

　　Article 41 An insurance group company shall manage the concentration risk of the group on the basis of consolidated statement, and establish and improve the policies, procedures and methods of concentration risk management, so as to identify, measure, monitor and prevent different types of concentration risks of the group as a whole and its member companies.

　　The concentration risk of insurance group refers to the risk that a single risk or risk combination of member companies may directly or indirectly threaten the solvency of the group after aggregation at the group level; Including but not limited to counterparty concentration risk, insurance business concentration risk, non-insurance business concentration risk, investment asset concentration risk, industry concentration risk, regional concentration risk, etc.

　　Article 42 An insurance group company shall establish and improve the firewall system in fund management, business operation, information management and personnel management within the group to prevent risk transmission among the member companies of the insurance group.

　　When conducting business collaboration among insurance group member companies, the risk-taking subjects shall be clearly defined in the form of contracts according to law, so as to prevent unclear risk responsibilities, cross-infection and conflicts of interest.

　　Article 43 An insurance group company shall establish policies and procedures for monitoring, reporting, controlling and handling related party transactions and internal transactions of the whole insurance group, so as to prevent possible improper interest transfer, delayed exposure of risks, regulatory arbitrage, risk contagion and other negative impacts on the stable operation of the insurance group.

　　The internal transactions of an insurance group shall comply with the relevant provisions of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission on related party transactions and internal transactions.

　　Article 44 An insurance group company shall strengthen the overall management of the group’s external guarantee, and clarify the conditions, amount and approval procedures of the external guarantee.

　　An insurance group company can only provide guarantees to its insurance subsidiaries, and the balance of external guarantees provided by the insurance group company and its subsidiaries shall not exceed 10% of the company’s net assets at the end of the previous year.

　　Article 45 An insurance group company shall establish a stress test system suitable for its risks, conduct stress tests on the overall liquidity and solvency of the group on a regular basis, and apply the test results to the formulation of business management decisions, emergency plans and recovery and disposal plans.

　　Article 46 An insurance group company shall strengthen the information security protection of group customers, guide and urge its subsidiaries and other member companies to carry out the collection, transmission, storage, use and sharing of customer information in accordance with the principles of legality, justness and necessity, and strictly fulfill their information protection obligations.

　　Chapter VI Capital Management

　　Article 47 An insurance group company shall establish and improve a capital management system covering the whole group, including a capital planning mechanism, a capital adequacy evaluation mechanism, a capital restraint mechanism and a capital replenishment mechanism, so as to ensure that the capital is suitable for the asset scale, business complexity and risk characteristics, and can fully cover all kinds of risks faced by the group.

　　Article 48 An insurance group company shall, according to the company’s development strategic objectives, industry conditions and relevant state regulations, make targeted capital plans for the insurance group company and its financial subsidiaries for at least the next three years, and ensure the feasibility of the capital plans.

　　Article 49 An insurance group company shall set appropriate capital adequacy targets according to the group’s development strategy, business planning and risk preference.

　　Insurance group companies and their financial subsidiaries should establish a capital adequacy assessment mechanism that is suitable for their own risk characteristics and business environment, regularly assess their capital status, ensure that insurance group companies and their insurance subsidiaries meet the solvency supervision requirements, and the capital status of non-insurance financial subsidiaries continues to meet the requirements of financial supervision departments, and maintain the asset-liability ratio of non-financial subsidiaries at a reasonable level to achieve safe and stable operation of the group.

　　Article 50 An insurance group company shall establish a capital restraint mechanism within the group to guide its subsidiaries and other member companies to strictly abide by the capital restraint indicators, pay attention to prudent operation and strengthen risk management in formulating development strategies and business plans, designing products and using funds.

　　Insurance group companies shall strengthen the management of assets and liabilities, keep the debt scale and term structure reasonable and appropriate, and keep the asset structure and liability structure reasonably matched.

　　Article 51 An insurance group company shall establish a capital replenishment mechanism suitable for the development strategy and business planning of its subsidiaries and other member companies, maintain the group’s capital adequacy by strengthening business management, improving internal profitability, equity or debt financing, and strengthen cash flow management to fulfill its capital contribution obligations to its subsidiaries and other member companies.

　　Article 52 An insurance group company may issue qualified capital instruments according to laws, administrative regulations and other regulatory provisions, but the double leverage ratio shall be strictly controlled. The double leverage ratio of insurance group companies shall not be higher than the relevant requirements of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　The term "double leverage ratio" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the ratio of the book value of the long-term equity investment of an insurance group company to the owner’s equity; Book value refers to the book balance minus impairment reserve.

　　Chapter VII Management of Non-insurance Subsidiaries

　　Article 53 The term "non-insurance subsidiaries" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the domestic and overseas subsidiaries directly or indirectly controlled by the insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries, which do not belong to the insurance enterprises specified in Article 15 of these Measures.

　　Article 54 An insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries directly or indirectly invest in non-insurance subsidiaries, which should be conducive to optimizing the group’s resource allocation, exerting synergy, enhancing the overall specialization level and market competitiveness of the group, and effectively promoting the development of the main insurance industry.

　　The term "direct investment" as mentioned in this chapter refers to the behavior of insurance group companies and their insurance subsidiaries to invest in the name of investors and hold the equity of non-insurance subsidiaries; The so-called indirect investment refers to the behavior of insurance group companies and their non-insurance subsidiaries at all levels to invest in the name of investors and hold the equity of other non-insurance subsidiaries.

　　Investing in non-insurance subsidiaries should follow the principle that substance is more important than form. In essence, the investment carried out by an insurance group company or its insurance subsidiaries shall not evade supervision by indirect investment through non-insurance subsidiaries in violation of regulations.

　　Article 55 An insurance group company shall establish a sound internal management system, define the authority, process and responsibility for the management of non-insurance subsidiaries, and implement the main responsibility for the management of non-insurance subsidiaries.

　　Article 56 An insurance group company may directly or indirectly invest in non-insurance subsidiaries, and the specific types include:

　　(1) A shared service subsidiary that mainly provides information technology services, auditing, policy management, catastrophe management, property management and other services and management for insurance group member companies;

　　(2) Other non-insurance subsidiaries established by carrying out major equity investment according to the regulatory provisions of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission on the use of insurance funds;

　　(3) Other subsidiaries as stipulated by laws, administrative regulations and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 57 Where an insurance group company directly invests in a non-insurance subsidiary of shared services, it shall meet the following conditions:

　　(1) The corporate governance mechanism is sound and running well;

　　(2) At the end of the previous period, the comprehensive solvency adequacy ratio was above 150%, and the core solvency adequacy ratio was above 75%;

　　(three) the use of its own funds to invest, the source of funds in line with laws, administrative regulations and regulatory requirements;

　　(4) The non-insurance subsidiary with shared services to be invested mainly provides shared services for the insurance group;

　　(5) China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission’s regulatory provisions on major equity investments.

　　Insurance group companies may not indirectly invest in non-insurance subsidiaries of shared services.

　　Article 58 An insurance group company investing in a non-insurance subsidiary of shared services shall report to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission for examination and approval, and provide the following materials:

　　(a) the materials that should be submitted for the major equity investment required by the relevant regulatory provisions of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission;

　　(2) Specific plans for sharing services or management, institutional arrangements for risk isolation, and relevant measures for protecting the rights and interests of insurance consumers, etc.

　　The direct investment of insurance group companies in non-insurance subsidiaries other than shared services shall be implemented in accordance with the regulatory provisions of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission on major equity investments.

　　Where an insurance group company indirectly invests in a non-insurance subsidiary, the insurance group company shall report to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission within 15 working days from the date of signing the sponsor agreement or investment agreement.

　　Article 59 The direct investment of an insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries in non-insurance subsidiaries shall conform to the internal decision-making procedures stipulated in laws, administrative regulations, regulatory provisions and its articles of association, and be approved by its shareholders’ (general meeting), board of directors or its authorized institutions.

　　Indirect investment in non-insurance subsidiaries shall be reported to the board of directors of the insurance group company or its insurance subsidiaries.

　　Article 60 An insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries shall, through the management of the directly controlled non-insurance subsidiaries, ensure that other non-insurance subsidiaries invested or acquired by non-insurance subsidiaries comply with the relevant requirements of these Measures.

　　Article 61 An insurance group company shall strengthen the management of trademarks and shop names, and clarify the specific ways and authorities for non-insurance member companies to use their own trademarks and shop names, so as to avoid the transmission of reputation risks.

　　Article 62 An insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries shall not provide guarantees for the debts of non-insurance subsidiaries, and shall not provide loans to non-insurance subsidiaries, unless otherwise stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 63 An insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries may not invest in non-insurance subsidiaries by taking joint liability for the debts of the invested enterprise.

　　When an insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries subscribe for shares of non-insurance subsidiaries or securities such as stocks and bonds issued by them, they shall abide by the regulatory provisions of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission on the use of insurance funds.

　　Where an insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries make commitments to increase investment or provide capital assistance to non-insurance subsidiaries in the future, they shall comply with relevant regulations and be approved by their shareholders’ meeting, the board of directors or their authorized institutions.

　　Article 64 An insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries shall establish an outsourcing management system, specifying the scope, contents, forms, decision-making authority and procedures, follow-up management, rights, obligations and responsibilities of outsourcing parties, etc.

　　The term "outsourcing" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the behavior that an insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries entrust some business activities or management functions that were originally handled by themselves to non-insurance subsidiaries or institutions outside the group for continuous processing.

　　Article 65 Where an insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries outsource their business or functions, they shall conduct a risk assessment and be reviewed and approved by its board of directors or the agency authorized by the board of directors, so as to ensure that the entrusted party providing outsourcing services has good and stable financial status, high technical strength and service quality, complete management ability and strong ability to deal with emergencies.

　　When outsourcing, an insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries shall sign a written contract with the trustee, specifying the outsourcing content, form, service price, customer information confidentiality requirements, rights and obligations of all parties, and liability for breach of contract. In the process of outsourcing, we should strengthen the risk monitoring of outsourcing activities, regularly review the performance of outsourcing business and functions in the annual risk assessment, conduct risk exposure analysis and other risk assessments, and report to the board of directors.

　　Insurance group companies and their insurance subsidiaries shall report to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission 20 working days before the signing of the outsourcing contract. According to the risk status of the outsourcing behavior, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission can take measures such as risk warning, meeting and talking, supervision and inquiry.

　　Article 66 An insurance group company shall submit the annual report of its non-insurance subsidiaries to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission before April 30th every year. The report shall include the following contents:

　　(a) the overall situation of investment in non-insurance subsidiaries, including the number, level, business classification and operation, control, important internal control and risk management system of non-insurance subsidiaries;

　　(2) The equity structure diagram of non-insurance subsidiaries, including the hierarchy and calculation of non-insurance subsidiaries, and the equity proportion of insurance group companies and their insurance subsidiaries directly or indirectly investing in non-insurance subsidiaries, etc.;

　　(3) Basic information of the main senior managers of non-insurance subsidiaries;

　　(4) Risk assessment of non-insurance subsidiaries, including major related party transactions and major internal transactions, outsourcing management, firewall construction and asset-liability ratio of non-financial subsidiaries, etc.;

　　(5) The insurance group’s holding of changes in equity, a non-insurance subsidiary, and the reasons;

　　(six) other matters required by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　The annual report of the non-insurance subsidiaries of the insurance group shall be submitted by the insurance group company.

　　Chapter VIII Information Disclosure

　　Article 67 An insurance group company shall, in accordance with the requirements of laws, administrative regulations and other regulatory provisions, follow the principles of completeness, accuracy, timeliness and effectiveness, and disclose information in a standardized manner.

　　Article 68 An insurance group company shall, in addition to disclosing its basic information according to the relevant regulatory provisions on information disclosure of insurance institutions, also disclose the basic information of the group as a whole, including:

　　(a) the ownership structure between the insurance group company and its subsidiaries at all levels;

　　(2) Basic information such as the name, registered capital, paid-in capital, shareholding structure and legal representative of the non-insurance subsidiary;

　　(3) Other matters stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 69 An insurance group company shall, in addition to disclosing its major events in accordance with the relevant regulatory provisions on information disclosure of insurance institutions, also disclose the following major events that have occurred in the group:

　　(1) Risk events that have a significant impact on the Group;

　　(two) other matters stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.　

　　Article 70 An insurance group company shall prepare an annual information disclosure report, which shall at least include the following contents in addition to the company’s annual information disclosed in accordance with the relevant regulatory provisions on information disclosure of insurance institutions:

　　(1) Financial and accounting information under the consolidated caliber of the previous year;

　　(2) solvency information of the previous year;

　　(3) Major internal transactions between consolidated member companies of the insurance group in the previous year, except those that have been disclosed by member companies according to laws, administrative regulations and other regulatory requirements;

　　(4) The overall risk management status of the Group in the previous year;

　　(five) other matters stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 71 An insurance group company shall post the basic information, major events and annual information disclosure report of the company and the group as a whole on the company website.

　　If the basic situation changes, the insurance group company shall update it within 10 working days from the date of change.

　　In the event of a major event, the insurance group company shall issue a temporary information disclosure announcement within 15 working days from the date of the event.

　　The annual information disclosure report shall be released before April 30th of each year, unless otherwise stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　The disclosure of information related to solvency shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant requirements of the solvency supervision rules of insurance companies.

　　Article 72 Relevant information that has been disclosed by a listed insurance group company in accordance with the information disclosure requirements of listed companies may not be disclosed repeatedly.

　　Chapter IX Supervision and Administration

　　Article 73 On the basis of supervision by a single legal person, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission conducts comprehensive and continuous consolidated supervision on the capital, finance and risks of insurance groups, and identifies, measures, monitors and evaluates the overall risks of insurance groups.

　　Based on consolidated supervision, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission can adopt direct or indirect supervision, and comprehensively monitor the risks of all member companies of insurance groups through insurance group companies or other regulated member companies according to law, and take corresponding measures when necessary.

　　The financial management department shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities for financial supervision, supervise the insurance group companies and their financial member companies.

　　Article 74 China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission follows the principle that substance is more important than form, and determines the scope of consolidated supervision of insurance groups on the basis of control and taking into account the risk correlation.

　　Article 75 An insurance group company and its subsidiaries shall be included in the scope of consolidated supervision.

　　In addition to the circumstances specified in the preceding paragraph, the following institutions invested by insurance group companies shall be included in the scope of consolidated supervision:

　　(1) The risks or losses generated by the invested institution are sufficient to have a significant impact on the financial position and risk level of the insurance group;

　　(2) Other invested institutions established through complicated equity design such as domestic and overseas subsidiaries and shell companies, which are actually controlled by the insurance group or have a significant impact on the operation and management of the institution.

　　Article 76 China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission has the right to determine and adjust the scope of consolidated supervision and put forward supervision requirements according to the changes in the ownership structure, risk categories and risk status of insurance group companies.

　　The insurance group company shall report the consolidated scope and management to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 77 China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may require the following units or individuals to provide materials and information related to the operation, management and financial status of an insurance group company within a specified time limit:

　　(1) A member company of an insurance group;

　　(2) Shareholders and actual controllers of the insurance group company;

　　(3) Directors, supervisors and senior managers of insurance group companies;

　　(four) other units or individuals that China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission considers it necessary to provide relevant information.

　　China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission can establish a tripartite meeting mechanism with insurance group companies and external auditors to learn about the insurance group’s corporate governance, risk prevention and control, and group management and control.

　　According to the Insurance Law and the relevant provisions of the financial supervision and coordination mechanism, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission can ask the account opening banks, designated commercial banks, asset custody institutions, stock exchanges and securities registration and settlement institutions of the member companies of the insurance group to assist in the investigation.

　　Article 78 An insurance group company shall timely submit financial reports, solvency reports, consolidated supervision reports, reports of non-insurance subsidiaries and other relevant reports and other materials to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　Article 79 In case of major events that affect or may affect the operation and management, financial status, risk control and customer asset safety of an insurance group company, or major changes in the organizational structure, management structure or equity structure of an insurance group company, the insurance group company shall immediately submit a report to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, explaining the causes, current status, possible impacts and measures to be taken.

　　Article 80 If the capital adequacy level of the financial subsidiaries of an insurance group company fails to meet the requirements of the financial regulatory agency, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may require the insurance group company to ensure its capital adequacy by means of capital increase. If an insurance group company fails to implement the regulatory requirements, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission can take corresponding measures according to law.

　　Article 81 If an insurance subsidiary of an insurance group company fails to meet the prudential supervision requirements stipulated by the financial regulatory agency, and its business or financial situation deteriorates significantly, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may require the insurance group company to take effective measures to help it resume its normal operation.

　　Article 82 If a non-insurance subsidiary significantly endangers the safe operation of an insurance group company or its insurance subsidiaries, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may require the insurance group company to make rectification.

　　Article 83 If the equity investment scope, proportion or equity control level of an insurance group company and its subsidiaries do not meet the regulatory requirements, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may take corresponding measures according to law.

　　Article 84 China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may, based on the principle of prudential supervision, require insurance group companies to carry out stress tests covering the whole group on their solvency, liquidity and other risks, and take corresponding measures according to the results of the stress tests.

　　Article 85 China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may require an insurance group company to make a recovery and disposal plan according to its asset scale, business complexity and risk status. The recovery plan should ensure the sustainability of the important business of the insurance group in the face of crisis; The disposal plan should avoid the negative impact on the industry caused by the interruption of the operation of the insurance group and minimize the consumption of public capital.

　　Article 86 China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission cooperates with other domestic regulatory agencies, shares regulatory information, coordinates regulatory policies and measures, and effectively supervises insurance group member companies to avoid regulatory vacuum and duplication.

　　China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission can carry out regulatory cooperation with overseas regulatory agencies by signing cross-border cooperation agreements or other forms, strengthen cross-border regulatory coordination and information sharing, and effectively supervise cross-border insurance groups.

　　Chapter X Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 87 The supervision and management of the merger, division, change, dissolution and business of insurance group companies, as well as the qualifications of relevant personnel, shall be implemented with reference to the relevant provisions of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission on insurance companies.

　　Article 88 These Measures shall apply to foreign insurance companies or foreign insurance group companies that set up insurance group companies as shareholders of insurance companies in China. If there are special provisions in the Regulations on the Administration of Foreign-funded Insurance Companies and its detailed rules for implementation, those provisions shall prevail.

　　These Measures shall apply mutatis mutandis to insurance companies that have direct or indirect control over other insurance enterprises, but do not have the words "insurance group" or "insurance holding" in their names, and the first paragraph of Article 29 shall not apply.

　　Insurance groups recognized as systemically important financial institutions have special regulatory provisions, which shall prevail.

　　Article 89 The management of non-insurance subsidiaries directly or indirectly invested by insurance companies shall refer to the provisions of these Measures on non-insurance subsidiaries.

　　Except for branches of member companies of an insurance group, the unincorporated organizations of an insurance group shall be governed by the provisions of these Measures on member companies of an insurance group.

　　Article 90 The term "control" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the existence of one of the following circumstances:

　　(1) The investor directly or indirectly obtains more than half of the voting shares of the invested enterprise;

　　(2) The investor substantially owns more than half of the voting rights of the invested enterprise by signing agreements or other arrangements with other investors;

　　(3) According to the law or agreement, the investor has the power to actually control the behavior of the invested enterprise;

　　(4) The investor has the right to appoint or remove more than half of the members of the board of directors or other similar authority of the invested enterprise;

　　(five) the investor has more than half of the voting rights in the board of directors of the invested enterprise or other similar authority;

　　(6) Other circumstances under control, including those in accordance with the Accounting Standards for Enterprises No.33 — — The consolidated financial statements constitute a control situation.

　　When two or more investors are qualified to independently lead the decision-making, operation and management activities of the invested enterprise in different aspects, the party that can lead the activities that have the most significant impact on the return of the invested enterprise is regarded as forming control over the invested enterprise.

　　Article 91 The term "above", "at least" and "not less than" as mentioned in these Measures all include this number, and "exceeding" does not include this number.

　　Article 92 These Measures shall be interpreted by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 93 These Measures shall come into force as of the date of promulgation. The Measures for the Administration of Insurance Group Companies (Trial) issued by the former China Insurance Regulatory Commission (No.29 [2010] of China Insurance Regulatory Commission) shall be abolished at the same time. Where the provisions of the Guidelines for Consolidated Supervision of Insurance Groups (No.96 [2014] of China Insurance Regulatory Commission) are inconsistent with these Measures, these Measures shall prevail.

　　Special toothpaste sold by e-commerce platform (screenshot)

　　Yangcheng Evening News reporter Xue Renzheng correspondent You Hualing Jiang Yun

　　Recently, some parents reported that they bought a so-called "tooth cavity repair toothpaste" online for their children to use when they saw their children with dental caries, hoping to repair their teeth by brushing their teeth. As a result, it backfired. Not only did the tooth decay not be repaired, but it changed from one tooth decay to six.

　　The reporter searched for related products on the e-commerce platform and learned that there are many kinds of special toothpaste similar to "Toothcavity Repair Toothpaste", some of which are advertised as "Repair Toothenamel" and some are labeled as "Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori" and "Probiotic Protection". What is the efficacy of the so-called special toothpaste? How to do oral care correctly in daily life? In this regard, the reporter interviewed experts in stomatology to answer.

　　Buyers show praise, netizens deeply questioned.

　　The reporter searched for related products through the online social platform and found that most netizens held a wait-and-see attitude towards the so-called special toothpaste, especially the "tooth cavity repair toothpaste". Some netizens said that how can a tooth cavity be repaired by toothpaste? Others make it clear that special toothpaste is an "IQ tax product". Some netizens even ridiculed: "If this is useful, isn’t the dentist going to be unemployed?"

　　On the e-commerce platform, the reporter randomly browsed some shops, but found that the product pages of these special-effect toothpastes were written with the slogan "Don’t go to the hospital", "Stay away from tooth holes" and "Just brush them", which was very attractive. In the evaluation area, "buyer show" mostly praised its products for their remarkable efficacy.

　　In the evaluation area of a "Toothpaste for Tooth Cavity Repair" product, more than 100 buyers showed their photos before and after use, and said that the product used very well. Some commented that "the doctor recommended it", while others claimed that "the tooth did not hurt after buying this toothpaste". Some even took photos of their cavities before and after use and commented: "After using for more than one month, the cavities have decreased and the cavities have improved … …”

　　When the reporter asked the customer service of the store about "Tooth Cavity Repair Toothpaste", they all asked about its working principle, but most of the customer service was vague. Some customer service claims that it "permeates the skin directly to the affected area" and keeps silent about the effect of tooth repair; Some only emphasize that products contain "patented active ingredients".

　　Failure to repair a tooth cavity is harmful or worse.

　　"At present, there is only toothpaste that can reduce or prevent dental caries, and there is no toothpaste that can repair dental caries. It is not credible to brush teeth and fill cavities." Lu Haibin, deputy chief physician of the Department of Stomatology of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, said that the cleaning and repairing of dental caries is a delicate process.

　　The reporter learned that in the treatment of mild dental caries, doctors will use a turbine dental drill to grind away the decayed tissue and prepare it into a special hole shape. After cleaning, the pulp was specially protected and the hole was filled with polymer resin. After the filling resin is cured, the turbine is used to finely adjust the shape.

　　If there is serious dental caries, it will affect the nerves inside the teeth and cause pulpitis. In this case, it is necessary to remove the putrefaction mechanically, kill the nerves with drugs, and carry out anti-inflammatory treatment and root canal treatment. Only after repeated dressing changes can the damaged teeth be filled with resin to restore the tooth shape.

　　"In the process of treating dental caries, doctors will pay special attention to it. On the one hand, cleaning the decayed tissue should ensure that the tissue is completely removed, on the other hand, the oral cavity should be protected during the cleaning process to prevent saliva pollution." Lu Haibin said that toothpaste can only produce some foam, which plays a friction role in the process of brushing teeth, and it is impossible to effectively clean decayed tissues.

　　In repairing and filling, the so-called "tooth cavity repairing toothpaste" is also difficult to work. "Toothpaste can only act on the superficial parts of teeth, even if the so-called ‘ Repair toothpaste ’ When materials that can form hydroxyapatite crystals are used, a similar protective layer will not be formed within a short time after brushing your teeth. Generally, they will be dissolved in water and taken away when gargling. " Lu Haibin said.

　　"Whether it is cleaning or filling, the feasibility of repairing through some toothpaste is very low." Shao Ling, an attending physician in the Department of Stomatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, said, "Not only is the treatment effect difficult to guarantee, but it is also possible to cover and fill the decayed tissue when it is not completely cleaned up, and the bacteria will be trapped in the teeth, which will lead to further decay in the teeth and even cause pulpitis."

　　Sales rely on gimmick experts to be busy with science popularization.

　　The reporter learned from the store monster data platform that the sales of various special toothpaste on an e-commerce platform are considerable. Among them, the daily sales of toothpaste with the selling point of "inhibiting Helicobacter pylori" is more than 10,000, the daily sales of toothpaste with the selling point of "repairing" is more than 80,000, and the daily sales of toothpaste with the banner of "probiotics" is more than 340,000. The total sales of these three kinds of special toothpaste account for about 1/4 of the total daily sales of toothpaste.

　　Do these special toothpaste really have special functions? The expert gave a negative answer.

　　"There is no medicine toothpaste that can prevent or kill Helicobacter pylori." Lu Haibin bluntly said that the treatment of Helicobacter pylori requires systematic and standardized use of antibiotics, which is almost impossible to kill in the oral cavity, and the treatment of Helicobacter pylori is mainly in the digestive tract such as the stomach and intestines. The stomatology department mainly plays an auxiliary role in the treatment of this kind of bacteria, and the role of this kind of toothpaste is not credible.

　　"It is also unrealistic to use toothpaste to repair enamel." Lu Haibin said that if the enamel has been damaged, it needs to be repaired with materials such as resin according to the degree of damage, and toothpaste can only play a preventive role.

　　"It is only theoretically possible for toothpaste probiotics to regulate oral colonies." Shao Ling introduced that when there are no symptoms such as inflammation in the mouth, most of the internal colonies are beneficial colonies in a balanced state, and it is not recommended to use special toothpaste to destroy the internal balance of the mouth. If the oral cavity has been diseased, you should seek medical advice as soon as possible, and use mouthwash or medicine according to the doctor’s advice. It is unrealistic to treat the disease with toothpaste.

　　Brushing teeth is very important, and prevention is the key.

　　"The most important thing to protect your teeth is to brush your teeth." Shao Ling said that the bacteria that produce tooth decay are mostly anaerobic bacteria, which will give bacteria a good breeding environment after closing their mouths. Brushing your teeth in the morning and evening can clean up the food residues in your mouth and reduce the growth of bacteria. "It is recommended to use ‘ Pap brushing ’ Method, choose a soft-haired toothbrush, and point the toothbrush and the long axis of the tooth at 45 to the apical direction for cleaning. " She added.

　　"The selection of toothpaste is recommended to use fluoride toothpaste." Lu Haibin believes that fluoride has an inhibitory effect on acid-producing bacteria, which can directly inhibit the bacteria in dental plaque, inhibit the production of intracellular and extracellular polysaccharides of Streptococcus cariogenes, and affect the growth and reproduction of bacteria. Fluorine also plays an important role in inhibiting the formation of dental surface film and plaque growth. Fluorine ions exchange with hydroxyl ions in enamel hydroxyapatite to form fluorapatite, which will strengthen the structure of enamel and reduce its solubility, thus enhancing the anti-caries ability of teeth.

　　"Children under 6 years old are recommended to use fluoride-free toothpaste for children because of their poor swallowing reflex." Lu Haibin said.

　　"As long as you pay attention to oral health in your daily life, you don’t have to worry too much about yellow teeth." Lu Haibin introduced that the tooth surface has a multi-layer structure, the first layer of enamel is white, and the second layer of dentin itself is pale yellow.

　　He said: "If there are not dental calculus in the mouth, or pigmentation caused by smoking and drinking tea, there is no need to ‘ Yellow teeth ’ Too much care, most healthy teeth are pale yellow. "

1905 movie network news　On the afternoon of 16th, director Bi Gan attended the "Everybody Talk" Salon in Zhihu, and had a talk with Zhang Yueran and Bai Bangni on the concept of love, movies and other issues. In the questioning session, Bi Gan responded to the marketing of his film The Last Night of the Earth, saying: "My colleagues in Xuanfa don’t steal, rob or kneel down, but do one thing by their own ability and knowledge. I don’t think they are at fault."

　

The Last Night on Earth is a dream trip about a middle-aged man returning to his hometown in Guizhou to find his lover 12 years ago. At the scene, Bi Gan shared the warmth and dream of the film with writer Zhang Yueran and screenwriter Bai Bangni, and discussed the concept of love and the love appearance of the two creators from the female perspective.

　

They said that the film is divided into two parts, the first part is the pursuit, and the second part is the dream. "Those who abandon you and are not sure whether they love you or not will eventually come back to you in another form." Bi Gan revealed that compared with the original script, the ending of the film is warmer and more optimistic, and there are many improvisations.

　

As of the evening of December 16th, the pre-sale of "The Last Night of the Earth" has exceeded 50 million, and its purchase was made at 9: 40 pm on the 31st. At the end of the movie, the online marketing of "One Kiss for the New Year" also made it hard to get a ticket at this time. At the scene, an audience asked Bi Gan how he viewed this marketing, and whether he was worried that the audience in non-first-tier cities would find it inconsistent with expectations after reading it.

　

Bi Gan asked, "Should cities in the second, third, fourth and fifth lines watch movies of that kind?"? I never thought so. In his view, this "New Year’s marketing" is "an interesting moment, which has never happened before and may not happen again in the future."

　

When talking about what his propaganda team did, Bi Gan expressed his strong support: "My propaganda colleagues don’t steal, rob or kneel down, and rely on their own ability and knowledge to do one thing. I don’t think they have any mistakes. I respect them very much. They are all people I admire very much, just like the people who made movies with me. They use their own way, which I think is a kind of fate. I really don’t know that they have such ability to make more people empathize. If they have such ability, other publicity companies have already done it, why not? Fate hasn’t come yet. Now there’s an art film that has a sudden empathy with the public, and everyone should enjoy it at this moment. Of course I know the result. Maybe people don’t understand it, maybe they don’t like it, but what kind of movies do they like? We haven’t chosen yet, and we can have one more chance when we have no choice. "