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China’s trade went global. From 1757 to 1842, the 13th Canton was the only "special zone" for the Qing government to trade with Europe and the United States, which made the city retain its memory and make people remember its homesickness. Guangzhou is a famous cultural city with a history of more than 2,000 years. Every street and lane has a long story, and every brick and tile has a meaningful memory. Today, Xiaobian will appreciate the heavy memory of this city with you, appreciate the spirit tradition of tolerance and openness for more than 2,000 years, and appreciate the endless literary context; Together with you, under the illumination of history, we can understand today and Guangzhou, thus strengthening our cultural self-confidence. In 1757, with the promulgation of the imperial edict on foreign trade in which Qianlong only left Guangdong Customs, the foreign trade of the Qing Dynasty was locked in the thirteenth line of Guangzhou. As the only exchange center between Chinese and Western civilizations for 85 years, it is a Chinese and foreign trading place located on the edge of the Pearl River, where foreign ships gather at the thirteen ports, and almost all major countries and regions in Asia, Europe and America have had direct trade relations with the thirteen banks. It has global trade routes to Europe, Latin America, South Asia, East Asia and Oceania. It was the only surviving node of the Maritime Silk Road under the closed-door policy of the Qing government at that time, bearing the gestation and development of modern China’s commercial economy. Although the thirteen lines have disappeared in the long river of history, their historical influence has been continuing. Two hundred years later, history once again chose Guangzhou to undertake the historical mission of "gathering customers from all over the world and selling goods from all over the world". Thirteen lines and the Canton Fair jointly compose the colorful movement of the Maritime Silk Road.It became the epitome of China’s opening to the outside world and economic development in modern times. A long scroll showing the style of the thirteen-line business hall in Qing Dynasty. Where did the thirteenth line come from? Kangxi’s sea trade gave birth to the "Thirteen Lines" and made Guangzhou "trade in one mouth". This was a scene in the 18th century-the Swedish merchant ship King Frederick was sailing off the South China Sea in China. This is a large sailboat of that era. It started from Europe and will arrive in Canton after more than a year’s voyage. In the eyes of westerners, China is a country of silk, porcelain and tea, and there are countless exquisite handicrafts, showing a profound culture. They were pleasantly surprised to find China. Fortunately, the Swedish ship escaped the stormy waves of the Cape of Good Hope, the piracy in Malacca and the threat of epidemic diseases on board, and completed the voyage with 20% staff reduction. Only half of the sailboats that set out with them can reach Guangzhou. Paying such a high price is for the maiden voyage of trade between China and Sweden. After leaving Gothenburg, Sweden, King Frederick went to Spain for the silver that was commonly used in China, and arrived at Lingding Island in Guangzhou on September 6, 1732. During the four months of berthing in Guangzhou, King Frederick ordered 151 large boxes and 1801 bundles of porcelain from more than 10 foreign firms in China, totaling 49,906 pieces. And 2183 boxes of red and green tea. After sailing from Guangzhou, King Frederick returned to Sweden after eight months. Porcelain exported in the Qing Dynasty is bright in color. At that time,Every year, hundreds of such merchant ships come from afar, enter the South China Sea of China through a long waterway, and then go north along the Pearl River to reach Guangzhou, then known as the southern gate of the Eastern Empire. In fact, during the Ming Dynasty, overseas trade was not always smooth, and the imperial court often declared a "sea ban", which lasted until the early Qing Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the sea was closed for 300 years. However, Guangzhou’s ship management organization, Shiboshi, was preserved and continued to play a role in promoting cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. The model of the Swedish merchant ship Gothenburg, which sailed to Guangzhou three times in Qing Dynasty. After Kangxi unified Taiwan Province and put down the San Francisco Rebellion, he began to consider the economic and tax balance of the whole country. He sent Shi Zhu, a cabinet university student, to Guangdong and Fujian for inspection to prepare for the sea trade. Because smuggling is popular, there is opposition in the court. Kangxi asked Shizhu, "How many houses have you been to in Guangdong?" Shizhu replied: "Zhaoqing, Gaozhou, Lianzhou, Leizhou, Qiongzhou, Guangzhou, Chaozhou, etc., where the people said that they had left their homeland for more than 20 years, and now the emperor has leveled the bandits and can go back to their homeland." Kangxi asked again, "So, people are happy to live by the sea, why don’t you allow it?" Shizhu replied, "The sea was sealed in the Ming Dynasty, so we can only do as usual." Kangxi was very dissatisfied and said: "The frontier ministers should take the national economy and people’s livelihood as their thoughts. Although the sea is forbidden today, people who trade privately also go to sea to make a living; To be honest, if you are not allowed, it is just for your own convenience. " Shizhu was speechless for a while. In the 24th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1685), the imperial court opened four ports for trade: Guangzhou, Ningbo, Zhoushan and Xiamen.However, at that time, there was no distinction between Chinese and foreign trade, and there was no specialized foreign trade firm. In the early days of the switch, when western ships arrived, officials were in a hurry, and foreign ships were often blocked outside the port and could not trade for a long time. In the spring of 1686, the second year of Guangdong Customs switch, the Guangdong government finally found a solution-Wu Xingzuo, Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, Li Shizhen, Governor of Guangdong, and Yi Ergtu, the supervisor of Guangdong Customs, jointly discussed and divided the national tax into two categories: "residence tax" and "line tax". The "residence tax" is a tax levied on all goods landed in the inland trade of this province, which is collected by the tax department and called "Golden Line"; "Travel tax" is a tax on goods sold by foreign countries and goods traded at sea, which is collected by Guangdong Customs. "Foreign goods line" means "thirteen lines". When it comes to the meaning of "line", it means "line and column", which is "the place where goods live". From then on, foreign goods company 13 became a professional firm engaged in foreign trade, which was managed by the state to prevent free exchanges between Chinese and foreign people. In the twenty-second year of Qianlong (1757), Qianlong made a decree in the Forbidden City: "The port is set in Guangdong, and foreign ships are allowed to dock in Guangdong." The other three ports were closed, and Guangzhou became the foreign trade center of Qing Dynasty. This export painting in Qing Dynasty depicts the scene of local businessmen talking with foreign businessmen. How prosperous is the thirteenth line? The 85-year-old "one-stop trade" has made Guangzhou’s routes to the world increasingly developed. In addition to the routes to the Indian Ocean, Nanyang, Japan and Europe that have been in use in the Ming Dynasty, it has also increased the routes to North America, Oceania and Russia through the Cape of Good Hope.In many places overseas, there are scenes of merchants from various countries shuttling around the "canton" thirteen-line commercial pavilion area and tens of thousands of races on the river, which makes people marvel at the prosperity of Guangzhou at that time. Although according to the regulations of the government, foreign businessmen could not live in Guangzhou at that time, but only in the suburbs or Huangpu Port, every rest day, businessmen or sailors could walk into the city gate and visit the flower pagoda and longevity temple of Haikuang Temple, and they could also visit scenic places such as Baiyun Mountain and Fangcun Flower Land. Guangzhou, a trading port, became the preferred "golden port" for western merchant ships after the opening and closing of the Qing Dynasty. Of course, silk porcelain, tea and homespun were exported, while wool, cotton, metals and spices were imported from abroad. In 1984, British divers found the Dutch merchant ship "Helder Malsen" which sank on the rocks in 1751. When it returned from China, it brought 147 pieces of gold, 239,000 pieces of porcelain in 203 boxes, 687,000 pounds of tea, textiles, lacquerware, sappan wood and thymelaeaceae. By 1986, when part of the sunken ship was salvaged for auction, the guests were dumbfounded by the dazzling array of goods. Qing dynasty export porcelain painted with ocean-going sailboats. In those days, foreign businessmen came to Guangzhou with great enthusiasm. Apart from Russian caravans crossing Siberia to the northern border of China and Portuguese merchant ships trading in Macau, neighboring countries and European and American countries, including the Netherlands, Spain, Britain, France, Sweden, Denmark, Belgium, Prussia, Italy, the United States and Peru, participated in the tribute trade with China.All of them are trading in the 13th Commercial Hall in Guangzhou. In Berlin Coin Museum, Germany, there is a silver coin with the head of Prussian king on the front and a Guangzhou businessman in Qing Dynasty costume on the back. There is a box of tea behind the businessman. This is a commemorative coin made for Prussian merchant ships who sailed to Guangzhou for the first time in the seventeenth year of Qianlong (1753), and it is the only commemorative coin in Europe with the image of Qing Dynasty. Among the foreign ships coming to China, there are also names with Chinese flavor, such as "Guangzhou", "Merchant of China" and "empress of china". This painting for export in Qing Dynasty reflects thirteen lines of street customs. It is worth mentioning that there are canton in many overseas places. For example, Canton in Massachusetts and Canton in Georgia are towns named after Guangzhou, while Canton in northeast Ohio is the largest Guangzhou city in the United States. Since the second half of the 18th century, there have been dozens of foreign merchant ships coming to Guangzhou every year, with more than 80 at the most. By the early 19th century, it had increased to one or two hundred. In 1784, the American merchant ship "empress of china" made its maiden voyage to Guangzhou with leather goods and American ginseng worth 120,000 US dollars. "empress of china" also kept all the naval equipment to prevent pirates from looting. On May 11th, 1785, "empress of china" returned to the United States, causing a sensation all over the country. All the goods on board were snapped up, and Washington, the founding president of the United States, also bought a teapot with a dragon pattern. Line 13 has "Tianzi Nanku"There is also a domineering name for the thirteen lines: "Tianzi Nanku". In the process of accumulating wealth, the court also got huge benefits from Guangzhou. From the first year of Daoguang (1821) to the seventeenth year of Daoguang (1837), more than 1.5 million taels of silver tax were received in Guangzhou every year, all of which were dominated by the royal family. The foreign firm also transported foreign goods such as ivory, enamel, snuff, clocks, glassware, gold and silver for the emperor. In the list of 1738, 88 of the 102 tributes were exotic foreign goods. In 1754, hall of mental cultivation was built in the Forbidden City in Beijing, which needed valuable timber from Nanyang, and Guangdong imported 56,400 Jin for it. In 1708, Kangxi suddenly became seriously ill and drank the red wine prepared by the foreign imperial doctor Rod, and his heartbeat quickly returned to normal. In the future, whenever foreign ships entered Hong Kong, Kangxi asked if there was any wine, and if there was, he asked for it to be transported to Beijing as soon as possible. Soon, the world wines gathered in Guangzhou, and a wine "hotline" was formed between Beijing and Guangzhou. In 1758, in an imperial edict, Qianlong instructed that "foreign clocks and watches, western gold beads, exotic furnishings or fresh utensils should be bought", and that "there is no need to cherish fees". It can be seen that Guangdong Customs, Guangzhou Foreign Firm and the court are inextricably linked, and the thirteenth line has become the only foreign goods supply place that the royal family can rely on, so it is called "Tianzi Nanku". The richest group in China relied on the monopoly privilege of foreign trade, and a number of China tycoons appeared in the 13th line, such as Pan Zhencheng, Wu Bingjian and Lu Guanheng, all of whom were rich, among which Wu Bingjian was the most prominent and became the richest man in the world at that time. Wu Bingjian has 26 million taels of silver,It is equivalent to more than 5 billion yuan today, and its income is half that of the Qing government. His son invests in railways in the United States, and the annual interest alone is more than 200,000 taels of silver. In addition, Shisanhang has also become a bridgehead for cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. Chinese porcelain, export paintings and folk handicrafts are exported from here, and foreign scientific knowledge, culture and art are also introduced into China from here. Exquisite export products in Qing Dynasty. The picture shows the export porcelain candlestick in Qing Dynasty. The relationship between Shisanhang and the world far exceeds trade. In the history of Shisanhang, there were three big fires, and the last fire completely burned Shisanhang. The first fire was in 1822. A cake shop near Shisanhang caught fire, which affected Shisanhang. The fire burned for two days, and many foreign business halls and foreign firms were burned down. In 1842, the thirteenth line suffered a second fire. In 1856, when the Second Opium War broke out, the British army shelled Guangzhou and burned thirteen lines. All the buildings and goods in the thirteen lines were destroyed in the fire. "The connection between the thirteen lines and the world lies not only in trade. It is the first place where the eastern and western hemispheres blend in all directions in the fields of politics, economy, culture, religion, science and technology, language, art and law. " Lily li, curator of Thirteen Lines Museum, said. Tan Yuanheng, a professor and doctoral supervisor of South China University of Technology, believes that Guangzhou has its own urban pattern, which is the economic pattern naturally formed by commercial trade. From the "Fanfang" in the Middle Ages, the Haizhu Stone Commercial Port in the near ancient times, until the appearance of Guangzhou Thirteen Lines, Guangzhou was well-deserved as the "Millennium Commercial Capital". The formation of the city of Guangzhou,It is similar to Florence, Milan, Venice, Rome and other commercial cities with rich wealth in the west. It is the commercial prosperity since ancient times that created Guangzhou and gave birth to Guangzhou-from the beginning, Guangzhou has the characteristics of a marine and commercial city. Therefore, it is not difficult to understand that Shisanxing appeared in Guangzhou, and it was integrated into the world, becoming the earliest commercial leader with modern colors of China. The 13th Guangzhou Tour also has a positive impact on the development of the world economic system. Wang Yuanlin, director and professor of 13th Line Research Center of Guangzhou University, said that 13th Line has a merchant guarantee system, that is, the merchant guarantees many affairs of foreign merchant ships coming to China, bears many responsibilities such as guarantee, and may not owe foreign debts. Once the hong merchants go bankrupt due to debts owed to foreign merchants, other hong merchants will be responsible for sharing the compensation. "This’ sitting together’ guarantee system later became an important reference for the US banking deposit insurance system." Wang Yuanlin said. According to the Secret Files of Foreign Merchants in Qing Dynasty, an American businessman owed Jardine Matheson Wu Bingjian 72,000 silver dollars, which he was unable to repay. When Wu Bingjian tore up the IOUs, he used "Guangzhou English" in his dialogue with American businessmen. New Mission and New Action: Undertaking the historical mission of making friends with the world. Although the back of Guangzhou’s leap into a trillion-dollar city of foreign trade has disappeared in the long river of history, the legacy left by the thirteenth line-the business spirit of facing the world, being the first, being open and innovative, and striving for perfection-has been engraved in Guangzhou’s genes, and Guangzhou has always been at the forefront of China’s foreign trade exchanges. Two hundred years apart, history once again chose Guangzhou in 1951, in order to strengthen the circulation of urban and rural materials,Guangzhou decided to hold an unprecedented material exchange conference called South China Native Products Exhibition and Exchange Conference. Twelve permanent and semi-permanent exhibition halls have been built in the original site of Thirteen Lines. This modernist architectural complex also laid the foundation for the development of cultural parks in the future. In 1952, "Lingnan Cultural Relics Palace" was established at the site of the South China Native Products Exhibition and Exchange Conference, and became a famous exhibition place for cultural activities at that time. In January 1956, Lingnan Cultural Relics Palace was renamed Guangzhou Cultural Park. From "South China Native Products Exhibition and Exchange Conference" to "Lingnan Cultural Relics Palace" and then to "Guangzhou Cultural Park", the names were inscribed by Ye Jianying. Two hundred years after Thirteen Lines were born, history once again chose Guangzhou as the window for China’s foreign trade exchange. On April 25th, 1957, the first floor of Sino-Soviet Friendship Building in Liuhua Road, Guangzhou was filled with gongs and drums, and the first China Export Commodities Fair (hereinafter referred to as the Canton Fair) opened here! "’Poop-poop’ went through the tunnel and the clothes were blackened." At that time, Li Huan, a 31-year-old Hong Kong buyer, arrived at the meeting on a coal-burning train. Without much care, he excitedly squeezed into the cheering crowd. "I have confidence in the sales of domestic products," he recalled fondly. The original intention of the Canton Fair was to meet the needs of economic construction and develop international trade in exchange for foreign exchange. At that time, New China urgently needed to open a channel to connect with the international market, and use the commodity exhibition as a window to display and trade export commodities. The host city of this exhibition should have a foreign trade foundation and a unique geographical advantage.Looking at China at that time, Guangzhou was the best choice: Guangzhou had a long history of foreign trade and was the only trading port in China under the closed door policy of the feudal dynasty for a long time. In terms of location, Guangdong is close to Hong Kong and Macao, which is the most convenient for Hong Kong businessmen. Only Guangzhou in Guangdong can undertake the historical mission of "making friends with the world". The turnover of the first Canton Fair accounted for 20% of the country’s total foreign exchange income in that year, which opened a channel for new China to communicate with the world in the high-pressure international political environment and suffered from "economic blockade" and "goods embargo", and the abbreviation of "Canton Fair" soon became familiar to the world. Since then, the Canton Fair has been held regularly in spring and autumn every year without interruption. Thousands of China enterprises have successfully entered the international market through the Canton Fair, and their export commodities have also changed from primary products to "made in China" and "made in China", and from offline to online and offline integration … On October 15, 2021, the 130th Canton Fair kicked off. During the 65 years from 1957 to 2021, the Canton Fair moved four times in Guangzhou, and the construction area of the exhibition hall expanded from the initial 18,000 square meters to 1.1 million square meters today. The cumulative export turnover of the Canton Fair exceeded US$ 1.4 trillion, accounting for more than 50% of the national export proportion. It has established trade relations with more than 210 countries and regions around the world, and accumulated about 8.8 million overseas buyers flew across the ocean to participate in the conference. The turnover is far from comparable to that of the thirteen banks in that year. In 2021, the total import and export value of Guangzhou’s foreign trade reached 1,082.59 billion yuan.Become a "trillion city of foreign trade". Through the Canton Fair, "gathering customers from all over the world, selling goods from all over the world and selling goods from all over the world" became a reality. In the export painting of Qing Dynasty, a grocery store on the street of Guangzhou. Canton Fair promotes the safe and smooth operation of the global industrial chain and supply chain. On July 19th, 2021, the State Council announced the list of the first batch of cities to cultivate and build an international consumption center. There are five major cities in China, and Guangzhou is the only non-municipality directly under the Central Government. Guangzhou has tasted the "first soup" of cultivating and building an international consumption center city. It is reported that Guangzhou has started the cultivation and construction of an international consumption center city in an all-round way, and it is planned to basically build an intelligent, fashionable and modern international consumption center city facing the world in about five years, so as to realize the transformation from "selling the world" to "selling and buying the world". In 2016, Guangzhou established the 13th Line Museum in Guangzhou on the site of 13th Line Foreign Commercial Pavilion in Qing Dynasty (in Guangzhou Cultural Park). According to Wang Zhen, deputy director of Guangzhou Thirteen Lines Museum, there are more than 4,800 pieces (sets) of cultural relics in the collection, which show the history of Thirteen Lines by means of "cultural relics+historical documents", sand table and electronic animation. "To some extent, Line 13 has a wonderful connection with the Canton Fair." Ye Nong, a professor at China Institute of Cultural History of Jinan University, said this. Cantonese English is very popular. In the process of "one-stop trade" for a long time, Guangzhou people invented a special language-"Guangzhou English". At that time, the inventor of "Guangzhou English" marked the pronunciation of English words in Cantonese, and gradually formed a distinctive one."Local English". After the opening of Shanghai, "Guangzhou English" spread to Shanghai and became the originator of "Pidgin English". Can you understand "Guangzhou English" Chinese: chin-chin, how do you do, long time my no hab see you. (Please, hello! I haven’t seen you for a long time) Foreigner: l can secure hab long time before time my no have come this shop. (It’s really been a long time, I didn’t come to your shop last time) Chinese: Hi-ya, so, eh! What thing wantchee? Oh, really, what do you want? ) foreigner: oh, some little chow-chow thing. you have got some ginger sweet? Oh, I want something small. Do you have any ginger preserves? ) Chinese: Just Now No Got, L Think Canton Habgot Velly Few That Sutemeet. (Not now, I think there are few such candied fruits in Guangzhou) (Excerpted from Wu Yixiong’s "Guangzhou English" and Chinese-Western Communication before the mid-19th century).The deep contact between the first group of people who opened their eyes to the world and foreigners in China made Thirteen Hong Merchants become the first group of people who opened their eyes to the world in China. During the Opium War, thirteen merchants took the lead in donating money to introduce advanced western technology and upgrade the equipment of Guangdong Navy. Pan Shirong devoted himself to imitating the most advanced steamship in the world at that time; Pan Shicheng hired a US naval officer with a high salary to copy the earliest modern mine in China-"Ship Attack Mine"; Zheng Chongqian was the first Chinese to spread the vaccinia law. The Wu family contributed a lot to the introduction of western medicine into China. The Vaccinium Vaccination Bureau, the first hospital in China, and the Ophthalmology Medical Bureau of Peter Peter Parker also received strong support from the Wu family. It can be said that the thirteen-line merchants were the earliest practitioners of "learning from foreigners to control foreigners", which was 20 years earlier than the Westernization Movement in the late Qing Dynasty. After the end of the "one-stop trade" era, a large number of Guangzhou foreign trade businessmen moved to Shanghai and Hong Kong, forming the first wave of immigration in Shanghai. In the 1950s, Shanghai replaced Guangzhou as the largest trading port in China. What attracted the most attention from Guangdong was no longer goods, but a group of people called "comprador". The original Shanghai foreign firm was "comprador" and "half of it was made by Cantonese people". After arriving in Shanghai, Guangdong Hong merchants bought a large number of properties and real estate, and planned to build a Shanghai version of the "Thirteen Hong Merchants Pavilion" and rent it to foreign businessmen. However, because local officials accepted bribes from British businessmen, Guangdong merchants are nominally property owners of real estate and real estate.However, he was deprived of the right to dispose of real estate and real estate, and was forced to rent it to the British permanently without receiving the rent. Relying on this concession, British businessmen expanded step by step in Shanghai, and finally the Bund was formed in this area. The annotation "line, column also" in "thirteen lines" is "the place where goods live", which is the definition of "line" in ancient books. Guangzhou Shisanhang was a firm specializing in foreign trade in the Qing Dynasty, and it was a monopoly institution designated by the Qing government to specialize in foreign trade. In 1813 and 1837, there happened to be thirteen firms, such as Jardine Matheson of Wu Bingjian, Kwong Lee of Lu Jiguang, Tong Fu of Pan Shaoguang, etc., but the number of the firms varied, ranging from four to more than twenty, and the "thirteen firms" were just the established appellation. The names of banks often change, including Xinglong, Lianxing, Dexing, Zhengxing, Tongxing, Yuanchang, Jinyuan, Yihe and Baoshun. Among them, Pan, Wu, Lu and Ye, the four major merchants, had more property than the national treasury income at that time, and they were truly "extremely rich". According to Wang Zhen, deputy director of the Thirteen Lines Museum in Guangzhou, according to historical records, the Thirteen Lines Site is located in today’s Guangzhou Cultural Park and its surrounding areas, including the China line number and the foreign commercial museum. The China line number is scattered, and some line numbers are outside the Thirteen Lines Street; However, foreign commercial pavilions are relatively concentrated, and the houses are all built facing the Pearl River, like a floating city on the water.

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Zhao yajing

As soon as the heat brought by the award passed, the eco-house fell into a state of lack of attention. The government has still not promoted eco-houses as model houses. In 2012, the director of Anji County New Rural Construction Guidance Center said: "Ren Weizhong’s concept is modern and too avant-garde. Maybe people with high cultural level can appreciate it, but the people in Anji have not reached this level."

This may be true. Farmers still build villas and do not agree with Ren Weizhong’s ecological houses. In 2009, patches of cement-built farmers’ relocated houses and villas surrounded the eco-house base into an island.

Ren Weizhong teaches "Tujing" in Zhongnanshan, Shaanxi. Image source: WeChat WeChat official account, Wutuwu Township (2017)

Spreading rammed earth technology in "mud school"

But Ren Weizhong didn’t give up. As the saying goes, there is a thousand-year-old earth wall, but there is no hundred-year-old brick wall. Since 2012, he has calmed down and devoted himself to doing a lot of experiments to study the performance of rammed earth and refine its ingredients.

He tried different proportions of rammed earth materials for each house in order to find out the best structural proportion of materials and solve the common wall cracking problem in traditional rammed earth buildings. The low rammed earth wall in the yard of the base has different colors and textures, which is also the experimental body of rammed earth performance. In addition, he also explored the use of soil, developed the use of light clay as thermal insulation material, and tapped the decorative properties of soil. The plaster mixed with lime and soil developed by him shows the touching texture of Italian plaster.

From 2005 to 2014, the eco-house had no income for ten years, and Ren Weizhong was unwavering. After three years of research and development experiments, in 2015, he sold the first mud plastering material, and the situation opened. He began to serve as the soil technical director of some well-known homestay projects, and his rammed soil technology is also being used in Qinghai ancient city protection project. Rammed earth materials are also used in the memorial hall where the theory of "two mountains" was published by General Secretary of the Supreme Leader of Yu Village in Anji.

"I remember when I was a child, my house was expanded, and the wall material was mud, and the soil as a raw material was dug around the house, and the transportation distance was only tens of meters. This material can be transported by hand. A few years after the house was built, the pit that we had dug was slowly filled with the baptism of years, and no traces left by earth borrowing were found at all. After being abandoned, the earthen houses will be razed to the ground after being eroded by wind and rain, so it is difficult for you to find the ruins of these old houses. Everything comes from the earth and returns to the earth. This example fully proves the harmony between man and nature, and the construction process of this earth house has almost no energy consumption and will not pollute the environment. "

A large amount of construction muck is produced on the construction site, which becomes the source of building materials for rammed earth houses.

Some professionals question that the clay used in rammed earth construction will cause the loss of valuable clay resources. Ren Weizhong explained that rammed soil comes from the residual mud and dregs of the construction site, which is neither cultivated soil nor clay, but a kind of sandstone soil. "The waste soil residue on these construction sites is worthless when it is not used, and it even becomes a stacking problem." Ren Weizhong said.

In 2015, the muck mountain in Shenzhen Guangming New District Industrial Park collapsed, causing 22 buildings to be buried, causing a particularly serious safety accident. The problem of the acceptance and accumulation of construction dregs has attracted the attention of the State Council. There are also building dregs in rural areas now, so rammed earth houses can digest the wastes from these construction projects.

In the past, houses were built in rural areas, so a big pit was often dug at the head of some villages, and water was poured into the pit to turn it into a pond for raising fish. But today’s soil is not from the pit at the head of the village, but from the foundation pit of the construction site. He often emphasizes that building a house is to borrow soil from nature, and finally the house is demolished and the soil is returned to nature.

　In recent years, more and more people know about Ren Weizhong, and the ecological environment has been paid more and more attention by the government and all walks of life. Every time I go to Jianshan Village to see him, there are always visitors. He also accepted apprentices and hired people to assist in the daily operation of the ecological base. When there are many guests, his wife will go to the kitchen to help cook, and his son will play in the base yard.

He is no longer a "army of one". He has his own family and successfully established his own team. These people include both local villagers and young people from other places. These workers also look very hardworking and simple. When they sat around a table for dinner at noon, they showed the harmonious atmosphere of the family. The main hall in Room 1 now doubles as a restaurant for visitors, and all the lectures are transferred to Room 2.

House No.2 Image Source: Jushe Image WeChat WeChat official account (2019)

The two-story stone-wood house facing the gate of the base is the second ecological house, and it is also a house that makes me shine at the moment. On the second floor, a large area of windows facing south is opened to introduce sufficient light. The scale of this house is friendly and pleasant, and the colors of old wood, old tiles and stone rammed earth are naturally mixed together. The whole house is like an antique gentleman, low-key and modest. Well-proportioned proportion and classical and simple temperament made me realize for the first time that Ren Wei, who looks like a native soil, actually has a high aesthetic taste.

House 2 is also the most sacred house in Renwei Center, which he called "Mingtang". The upper floor of the house is used for lectures and training, and the wooden frame comes from the old house where the captain’s family used to be produced. The ground floor is used to show the research results of rammed earth building materials. Like the mineral exhibition platform of the Natural Museum, rammed earth blocks with different proportions are carefully cut into small square bricks and lined up neatly. Mud has become the protagonist of this exhibition hall, because it is the soul of the "mud school".

Rammed earth R&D materials exhibition platform Image source: Wechat WeChat official account, Wutu Wuxiang (2019)

"The reason why I am particularly fond of soil is mainly because soil is a particularly environmentally friendly material. Efficient and wasteful building activities in the industrial age may make all kinds of resources in short supply, especially the ecological damage and environmental pollution built in the process of resource mining and material processing cannot be tolerated. However, the earth is the only one with the richest soil, and the soil building will not change the performance of the soil, so it can be recycled. It’s just that at present, we lack common sense and have misunderstandings about soil. It can be said that the purpose of practice is partly to vindicate soil, and soil can also build high-quality houses. As for why mud buildings are rarely taken seriously, it is mainly unprofitable behind them. "

Ren Weizhong’s ecological residential practice focuses on rammed soil, which is not only the natural result of exploring ecological construction, but also the result of the overall environment.

One summer in 2007, Gao Tiancheng, a South African, rented a villager’s empty house in Sanjiuwu, Laoling Village, Moganshan Town, and renovated it with the concept of low carbon and environmental protection on the basis of not changing the original house structure and destroying the overall style. He established the bare-hearted hometown of homestay, which became the birthplace of "foreign music" in China, and opened the prelude to the rapid development of homestay industry in Moganshan. In the process of setting up a homestay, Gao Tiancheng went deep into the rural areas of Zhejiang to learn about the local construction ecology. He also visited Ren Weizhong’s ecological house. In 2015, the hotel industry in Moganshan entered its peak period, and the Moganshan effect drove the hotel fever in the country.

Boutique B&B caters to the mentality of the urban middle class returning to nature and pursuing a high-quality life. Rammed soil has become a popular building material for homestays. This makes rammed earth technology have its place. More and more people ask Ren Weizhong about rammed earth construction technology.

In 2016, he changed the name of "Jianshan Ecological House" to "Mud School" and began to teach students. In August 2016, the first phase of rammed earth training started. Ten times a year, about 180 students can be trained every year. Training fees are priced for public welfare, only to spread rammed earth technology. Some other students stayed and became his assistants.

In 2017, Ren Weizhong won the public welfare grant of "March towards ecological civilization and pay tribute to environmental pioneers" jointly sponsored by China Environmental Protection Foundation and China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation, to train rural craftsmen, returnees and school students, and plans to replicate the model of mud schools in different places. Therefore, in the past two years, he has become more and more busy, and the workers in the "clay school" workshop are busy from sunrise to sunset. After the mud school became famous, the villagers in Jianshan Village said that it was finally set up by him, and the feng shui of this base was good.

Ren Weizhong teaches at the rammed earth construction workshop. Photo source: Shantian Academy WeChat WeChat official account (2019)

Rammed soil has become "noble", pushing up the cost of building houses. I asked Ren Weizhong, who is bent on building houses for farmers, how to solve this problem? He said that rammed earth is expensive in manpower, and the traditional way of building houses in rural areas of China was completed by people in the village helping each other, which can be solved by restoring the way of building houses by mutual assistance. However, due to the loss of young people in rural areas, it seems that the road to restoring mutual-aid housing is long. But the historical process is mysterious and unpredictable. Who knows? Once a thing is regarded as advanced, it will go through the process from the small crowd to the public. Ren Weizhong may have taken a curved road to save the country.

In order to let people experience rammed earth buildings personally, Ren Weijian built House 3. There are four rooms on the upper and lower floors, which provide accommodation for the trainees. The whole house adopts simple modern design, with rammed earth for bearing.

In June of 2020, I was lucky enough to stay for one night. The thin long windows have a European flavor, and the simplest bed and chairs make me feel like I walked into a simple European country cottage. There are only three kinds of building materials in the room: wood, mud and glass. There is no superfluous decoration. Directly exposed mud wall, meet each other with sincerity, the yellow and gray tone, like the warm chest of the earth, feels delicate and smooth, and looks like a texture between cement and paint. The room exudes the aesthetic temperament of simplicity and minimalism.

It’s just an ordinary guest room, but it reminds me of Donald Judd, an American minimalist artist, who used metal plates to create meaningless object forms, showing the high purity of materials. This purity is exactly what I felt in Room 3. But unlike Donald Judd, all the object forms and spaces here point to the essence of soil.

Zhao Yajing’s photo of the facade of House No.3 (2020)

In the early morning, I got up early, and the freshest air in the yard came to my face. There are no less than 10 kinds of vegetables planted in 5 rows, 6 rows and 30 squares. Walking along the path of the yard, the ground is as hard as cement, but it is a dirt road. The two jars of lettuce on the outside of the vegetable garden are full of green, and the cucumber vines on the inside have already been picked out. A line of tomatoes was planted along the low wall, and the fresh red fruits hung down from the leaves. Going over a row of low walls, Ren Weizhong designed a checkerboard-style vegetable bed. Step by step, growing vegetables is like playing chess. Not far from the granary, chicken coop and handmade tofu workshop. Ren Weizhong explained the original intention of designing these auxiliary facilities. "In my mind, the village should first be self-sufficient economically, at least food can be produced by itself, instead of relying on the market, and then it can establish a resource cycle, do not produce garbage, and reduce the burden on the environment."

Checkerboard Garden Ren Weizhong/Photo in 2019

He integrated biogas and solar energy into the energy used in the ecological house, and also improved Anji’s traditional iron pot bath, which is a multi-purpose firewood stove for burning pig grass and bathing in the pigsty.

At the beginning of the century, families in Anji Mountain Village did not have shower rooms. Firewood stove and iron pot bath are rural living facilities that make us Shanghai high school students feel incredible. People wash in the pot and the firewood burns under it. Isn’t that person a stewed pig’s trotters? The students are all afraid to try iron pot bath. Only one naughty boy tried it. He excitedly reported the first bath experience, and it was very comfortable to bathe in an iron pot with a diameter of nearly one meter. However, when he was drunk, the pig on the side screamed, which scared him to start from a pot of water and ended in a mess. The improved iron pot bath still retains the firewood stove, but it is moved from the pigsty to the bathroom. Ren Weizhong’s son became the first person who tried to wash the pot, and the little guy sang with the happy bath water. I found that his interior design was inspired by traditional rural life. He often mentions the details of his childhood life. In a sense, Ren Weizhong acted like an independent contemporary artist, building an ideal "Utopia" on the barren beach.

The dream of an agricultural ecological village with unchanging initial intention

"I have always had the greatest wish, that is, to build an ecological village where people and nature live in peace, and no longer let buildings that consume a lot of cement and steel bars and are not in the middle of the ocean occupy precious land. This idea is my dream that I have been struggling for more than ten years."

Bird’s-eye view of vegetable garden in house 3 (2020) Zhao Yajing

On that midsummer night 19 years ago, in the farmhouse yard at the foot of the mountain in Tongli Village, Ren Weizhong talked to my classmates and me about this dream of building a village. We felt that this man was still dreaming at his age. Over the years, I have taken my friends to visit the "mud school" every year, and everyone was deeply moved by his work. What Ren Weizhong wants to do most is to build an agricultural ecological demonstration village, popularize environment-friendly rural housing, and at the same time realize that the village economy does not depend on the city, and all kinds of resources circulate internally, and take the mode of sustainable development. The inspiration of the eco-village comes from Dazhai, taking the spirit of self-reliance, hard work and collectivism in Dazhai.

Although it seems difficult to achieve the goal of eco-village, times have changed and everything has developed in a favorable direction. First of all, Ren Weizhong built the rural ecological house and improved the core rammed earth construction technology. Ecological residence is regional, and rammed earth building materials are universal. From eco-house to rammed earth construction technology, Ren Weizhong put forward a solution to make eco-house universal, and entered the market through homestay buildings, which was connected with people’s real life. In this sense, Ren Weizhong is somewhat like a building materials developer.

Secondly, people’s ideas in rural society are constantly evolving. From the perspective of construction practice, modern building materials such as reinforced concrete have entered the countryside for more than 30 years. In the process of long-term living and use, the problems of these building materials are gradually exposed, and the countryside is also learning lessons, constantly reflecting and improving the construction of houses. The way of sticking tiles on the external walls of houses in the 1990s has been eliminated. However, the popularization of rammed earth buildings needs to solve some technical and cost obstacles. Farmers hope to build houses high, but rammed earth houses with more than two floors are facing the test. In addition, the labor cost of rammed earth building is high, how to reduce the cost? Whether it is feasible for farmers to build houses with mutual assistance under the trend of urbanization is unknown. From the perspective of living concept, the situation is changing. The transformation and upgrading of the homestay industry gives rural society the opportunity to intuitively feel the ecological living, get in touch with the architectural concept of low-carbon and environmental protection, and reshape the understanding of earth houses. This is a slow and gradual process. The field of self-built houses in rural areas is a fully competitive free market, and farmers will make rational choices, but how to guide farmers to build houses also tests the vision and wisdom of the government.

During the construction of "beautiful countryside", some local governments in rural areas of Zhejiang Province promoted the construction of model farmhouses, notably Wencun Village, Dongqiao Town, Fuyang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, which was designed and built by Wang Shu, winner of Pritzker Architecture Prize. There is also Dazhuyuan Village in Anji, which was designed and constructed by Du Chunyu’s design team of Shanghai Jiaotong University Design and Research Institute. The project won the award of "2016 National Rural Housing Pilot Demonstration" by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.

Whether the design of modern rural model houses is good or not, rural society will naturally give feedback. Rural society should be more confident, based on its own experience, and put forward solutions to rural residential modernization. Just like Ren Weizhong, the scheme extracted from tradition may not be perfect at first, but it can be improved in many ways in the future. Farmhouses designed by western architects, urban architects or local people will eventually be tested by rural society. Ren Weizhong’s rammed earth architecture is still improving, and rural society needs more time to digest and understand his ideas and practical achievements.

The evolution of social concepts is inseparable from "potential", which requires observing the trend from the interaction between urban and rural areas. In 1984, farmers began to work in cities. For more than 20 years, farmers moved to cities to build cities. Around 2010, China ushered in a wave of rural construction. Many urban intellectuals, artists, urban white-collar workers, entrepreneurs and even foreigners went to various villages in China to help villages and villagers improve their living conditions and rebuild rural order through various ways, such as poverty alleviation teaching assistants, protection of ancient buildings, revival of folk arts, ecological agriculture, tourist hostels and reconstruction of rural cultural life. The rural construction in China shows the rich appearance of a hundred flowers blooming, and there is a case of "Yangjiale" naked heart township igniting the residential industry. Who knows whether there are future industrial opportunities in these various rural construction projects?

Urban people flow to the countryside, build the countryside, dig deep into various rural resources and develop creative projects, which bring opportunities for rural economic employment, and rural local rural builders like Ren Weizhong benefit from it. However, even if there is a qualitative change in the concept of living and construction in rural society, the realization of the ideal of building an ecological village still depends on the return of population from rural areas, so it depends on the general trend of the national economy and the trend of globalization. In such an era of crisis, the vast countryside can become a safe haven. The agricultural eco-village advocates ecological construction, is self-sufficient in economy, realizes resource circulation in the village, and farmers live independently of the city. This idea provides a solution to the crisis for the society. It is the hope of the countryside that bits and pieces of rural construction projects resonate together on the land of China. It is the mainstay of the times for farmers like Ren Weizhong to stick to the local position from beginning to end and seek the way out of rural modernization from tradition.

In a media interview, Ren Weizhong pointed to House No.2 in Mingtang in his heart and said easily, "The pebbles on the wall come from the stream in front of the door. In the future, when this house is demolished, the stones can be returned to the stream." The amateur architect has no obsession with architecture, and his philosophy is Taoist. Everything comes from nature and finally returns to nature. This is the belief and methodology of Ren Weizhong’s ecological and environmental protection cause. There is a cloud in the Book of Songs, "Peace and happiness". Anji has been a beautiful place since ancient times. This is the source of Ren Weizhong’s simple concept. Yes, what could be more divine than nature?

Reference catalogue

1. "Anji Ecological Watcher", Zhao Xiao, 2007, China Environment News.

　　 URL: http://www.eedu.org.cn/Article/epedu/epman/200702/11891.html

2. Ford Motor Environmental Award official website URL: http://cegc.npi.org.cn/about/award.html

3. "Farmers who can’t build houses are not good architects", Jin Yanqi, 2015, No.74 of Designer magazine.

　　 URL: https://wenku.baidu.com/view/cba72f4458f5f61fb73666d4.html

4. China Building Media Award official website

　　 URL: http://nd.oeeee.com/cama/200811/t20081127_921211.shtml

6. Ren Weizhong’s "Yu Gong" in building an ecological village, Huang Rong, 2012, Green China magazine.

　　 URL: http://www.greenchina.tv/news-508.xhtml

7. Anji Environmental Education Base

　　 URL: http://ajnews.zjol.com.cn/ajnews/ajepb/hj/effect/index.htm

8. "Huzhou Anji" Clay School "pushes energy-saving technology to the whole country", Yu Ying and Wang Weili, 2017, Huzhou Daily.

　　 URL： http://zj.people.com.cn/n2/2017/0918/c186947-30745160.html

　　On the 11th local time, Biden, former US vice president and Democratic presidential candidate, announced that he had chosen California Senator Kamala Harris as his running mate.

　　As soon as the news came out, many Democrats, black leaders and civil rights advocates praised the decision. At the same time, many Republicans expressed surprise and dissatisfaction with Biden’s move, and even began to criticize Harris’s past experience for making her unsuitable for the post of vice president.

　　The Democratic Party and civil rights organizations congratulated each other.

　　According to a report by the National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) on the 11th, Nancy Pelosi, Speaker of the House of Representatives, said in a statement: "Biden’s nomination of Harris as the Democratic vice presidential candidate is a historic and proud milestone for our country. As a candidate for the vice president of the United States, Harris will continue to push our country forward with pioneering leadership. "

　　Val Demings, a black female representative who participated in the primary election in the Democratic Party, stressed that this is the first time that a black woman has been nominated by a major political party. "This has once again strengthened my belief — — In America, everyone has a chance to succeed, no matter who he is or where he comes from. "

　　Another former Democratic presidential candidate, Bernie Sanders, also praised Harris for "knowing how to stand up for the people and fight for universal health care".

　　Former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said on Twitter that she was "very excited" to welcome Harris as a vice presidential candidate and praised her as "a great public official and leader."

　　Reuters reported on the 11th that after learning that Harris nominated the vice president, former President Obama also praised him: "Harris has been defending the Constitution all his career and fighting for those who seek fair treatment."

　　Outside the Democratic Party, many black leaders and civil rights advocates also expressed their appreciation for Harris. According to a report by the National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) on the 11th, Alphonso David, chairman of the Human Rights Campaign, bluntly said that Harris was an outstanding candidate for the vice president. Aimee Allison, the founder of "She the People", a group dedicated to promoting women of color to participate in politics, also believes that Harris is a descendant of Jamaican and Indian immigrants, which is of great significance to black women and women of color, and her nomination as vice president is of historic significance.

　　The Republican party fired a heavy gun.

　　On the other hand, many Republicans expressed surprise and dissatisfaction with Harris becoming the vice presidential candidate.

　　Reuters reported that many Republicans described Harris as a "radical" and accused her of giving priority to supporting far-left affairs, such as carrying out large-scale police system reform. US President Trump also expressed surprise at Biden’s choice. He thought Harris was "the most despicable, terrible and disrespectful person in the US Senate" and "one of the biggest liberals".

　　Marsha Blackburn, a Republican senator, claimed that Harris’s election as vice presidential candidate reflected that the Democratic Party had been taken over by "left-wing forces" because she supported the abolition of private insurance and universal health insurance. In addition, NBC reported that Ronna McDaniel, chairman of the Republican National Committee, said on Twitter that Harris’s "extreme position" showed that "the left wing ‘ Thug ’ They are controlling Biden’s choice, just as they will push Biden to the presidency. " (The Paper trainee reporter Wang Lu)

In [car home Weifang Preferential Promotion Channel], we bring you exciting good news-the high-profile models are having a grand preferential activity in Weifang area. At present, car buyers can enjoy a cash profit of up to 7,000 yuan, and the minimum starting price has been adjusted to 152,700 yuan. This is an opportunity not to be missed. If you are interested in Xingyue L Zhiqing, be sure to click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to get a better car purchase discount. Don’t hesitate, act quickly and seize this rare opportunity to reduce prices!

The exterior design of Xingyue L Zhiqing combines modernity and elegance, showing unique aesthetic charm. In the front part, it adopts a family-owned air intake grille, with smooth lines and a sense of strength, and with exquisite matrix LED headlights, it shows the combination of technology and luxury. The overall style is stable, the body lines are smooth, which shows the sporty temperament of urban SUV, while paying attention to the handling of details, showing a sense of exquisiteness and advanced. Whether it is dynamic or static, Xingyue L Zhiqing can attract people’s attention.

The car system Xingyue L Zhiqing shows the perfect combination of elegance and strength with its exquisite side design. The body size is 4795mm*1895mm*1689mm and the wheelbase is 2845mm, creating a spacious sense of space. The front and rear wheel tracks are 1610mm, which ensures stable driving performance. Tyre size is 235/50 R19, which not only provides a good grip, but also reflects its unique design aesthetics, making the overall appearance more dynamic and powerful.

The interior of Xingyue L Zhiqing shows a simple and luxurious style, characterized by elegant lines and exquisite craftsmanship. The driver can hold the comfortable leather steering wheel, which supports manual up and down+front and rear adjustment, which is convenient for the driver to find the ideal driving position. The 12.3-inch central control screen stands on the instrument panel, with clear and intuitive display content, integrated multimedia system, navigation, telephone and other practical functions, and supported voice recognition control to improve driving convenience.

In terms of seats, the leather-like material is adopted, which not only ensures the comfort, but also adds the texture of the interior. The main driver’s seat has four-way height adjustment, four-way lumbar support and other functions, and also supports heating and ventilation, bringing intimate care for long-distance driving. The driver’s seat also has a power seat memory function to ensure personalized settings. The co-pilot seat also supports front and rear adjustment and backrest adjustment, while the second row of seats provides backrest adjustment to meet the diverse needs of passengers. The seat design of Xingyue L Zhiqing pays attention to details and fully considers the comfort experience of passengers.

Xingyue L Zhiqing is equipped with a 1.5T turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 120kW and a peak torque of 255nm, providing a stable power output. With the 3-speed DHT transmission, this engine can ensure that the vehicle shows good performance and fuel economy in various driving scenarios.

Generally speaking, the exterior design of Xingyue L Zhiqing seems to coincide with the aesthetics of car home car owners. Although some people have reservations about the design of the front face, this car owner’s unique preferences show that the unique protruding design of Zhiqing won him love at first sight to some extent. This personalized choice undoubtedly makes the Star Yue L more recognizable among many models, providing the car owners with both personalized and practical satisfaction.

Deng Chao plays Zhang Wuji

Deng Chao plays Zhang Wuji

　　Yesterday, Zhang Jizhong’s version of "Yitian Dragon Slayer" announced the final lineup. In addition to previously confirming that Deng Chao and An Yixuan played Zhang Wuji and Zhao Min, important roles such as Zhou Zhiruo, Xiao Zhao, Ji Xiaofu, and Yin Susu were all played by newcomers. Deng Chao starred in ancient martial arts dramas for the first time, and deliberately practiced martial arts in advance, but unexpectedly suffered injuries around his eyes.

　　Deng Chao injured in practice

　　Producer Zhang Jizhong will lead the lead in the opening ceremony of the last Jin Yong martial arts drama produced by Zhang Jizhong in Wudang Mountain, Hubei Province on the 18th. Wang Zhongjun, president of Huayi Brothers, and Wang Zhonglei, president of Huayi Brothers, will attend the opening ceremony.

　　Previously, there have been many versions of "Yitian Dragon Slayer". Su Youpeng, Ma Jingtao, Liang Chaowei and others have all played Zhang Wuji. This time, the role is starring Deng Chao, a popular boy. When the reporter checked whether Deng Chao had entered the group, he accidentally learned that Deng Chao was injured. Zhu Mo, the publicity director of Huayi TV drama, introduced that Deng Chao’s first time filming an ancient martial arts drama, he specially asked the martial arts instructor to train the basic skills and movements in advance. Unexpectedly, there was an accident the night before yesterday, and he was injured around his eyes. Since he cannot be contacted at present, his injury is unknown. Huayi Brothers and producer Zhang Jizhong still insist on using Deng Chao, and will shoot Zhang Wuji’s scene after Deng Chao’s injury is cured. Deng Chao will determine whether he can participate in the opening ceremony of Wudang Mountain on the 18th depending on the severity of his injury.

　　The new "Yitian" newcomer is in charge

　　The vast majority of the list of "Yitian Dragon Slayer" announced yesterday are newcomers, and Liu Jing, the newcomer who plays Big Qiao in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", has won the role of Zhou Zhiruo. According to Liu Jing’s agency, Liu Jing has also filmed several plays before, but he is not a complete newcomer, but those plays have not been broadcast yet, and the audience is not familiar with them.

　　Huayi’s newcomers almost occupy the rest of the important female roles in the film. An Yixuan, He Xiaoyan, He Jiayi, Wang Yan and others will play Zhao Min, Xiao Zhao, Ding Minjun, and Yang Buhui respectively. The day before yesterday, An Yixuan and other leading actors had already entered the group and began to train in advance.

　　The main scenes of "Yitian Dragon Slayer" will be filmed in Wudang Mountain, once again in the scenic area. Zhang Jizhong said that the filming agreement has been signed with the Wudang Mountain Special Zone Management Committee, and the crew will be careful at all times when shooting to protect the scenic area from damage.

　　- Starring cast

　　Deng Chao (as) – Zhang Wuji

　　An Yixuan (played) – Zhao Min

　　Liu Jing (as) – Zhou Zhiruo

　　He Xiaoyan (as) – Xiao Zhao

　　Li Shun (as) – Ji Xiaofu

　　He Jiayi (as) – Ding Minjun

　　Zhang Meng (as) – Spider

　　Wang Yuanke (as) – Yin Susu

　　Wang Yan (as) – Yang Buhui

　　Chen Tingwei (as) – Yang Xiao

　

Editor in charge: Sun Jie

I have to admit that it has really been in the limelight recently, especially the car "Han", which has just been listed soon. With its extremely high face value and superior ability, it has almost been booked as the most popular model this year.

However, from the real situation, Han is, but it can’t be directly said that Han is a representative, because just like naming, it was called "the prosperous time of Han and Tang" in ancient times, and in fact, there is Tang in addition to Han in the name of prosperous time, just as Han is a coupe, and Tang is a representative.

Of course, unlike the new car in 2020, Tang, which is currently on sale, has been on the market for two or three years. Although its vitality is strong, it really needs to evolve with the progress of the times, otherwise it will inevitably retreat before the trend of the times.

Therefore, on July 24th, the 2021 Tang with a brand-new luxury interior design was officially unveiled and pre-sale. The pre-sale price of the fuel version is within 170,000, the pre-sale price of the DM four-wheel drive high-performance version is within 300,000, and the pre-sale price of the four-wheel drive performance version is within 250,000. And according to official news, Tang EV with blade batteries will also be listed and delivered in the second half of this year.

[The interior and technology are upgraded again, and the strength is worthy of the name]

It is undeniable that the interior of this generation of Tang has never lacked a sense of science and technology, especially the large rotating screen; However, it has been on the market for more than a few years, and it needs some progress in luxury texture.

The 2021 Tang Dynasty continues the family-style design language of "Dragon Face" in appearance, which is domineering and dynamic, with extraordinary momentum. The interior was personally upgraded by Michele Paganetti, the global interior design director, to create a brand-new luxury smart cockpit surrounded by luxury atmosphere.

In terms of design ideas, the brand-new cockpit is inspired by the classical architecture of China, with an atmospheric layout and symmetrical levels, which integrates a sense of style and grandeur. Ultrasuede? ultra-fiber high-grade suede fabric, surrounded by 2mm luxurious double-color stitching, which is comparable to a million luxury cars; The digital panel of the dragon’s claw is very personalized, and with the 31-color interactive intelligent cockpit atmosphere light, it is full of science and technology, which is the crowning touch of the whole vehicle; The dragon scale pattern is luxurious, which is newly developed according to ergonomics, more suitable for Asian body curves, and the difficult digital punching and line pressing technology makes it comfortable and luxurious.

Of course, the big screen, the 15.6-inch 8-core adaptive rotating suspension Pad and the more exquisite ultra-narrow bezel have also been upgraded and improved simultaneously, which fully reflects the scientific sense of the model. In addition, the new car has adopted a brand-new UI interface, built a more interactive operation logic that is more in line with users’ habits, and built a new mode of human-vehicle interconnection with a voice interaction system with higher sensitivity and recognition rate, making driving easier.

[Performance and security are upgraded again, and the core is worthy of the name]

As a model, excellent performance is a prerequisite. The first generation of Tang Dynasty once wrote the beginning of China myth in 542, and this generation of Tang Dynasty wrote the legend of China speed in DM2.0.

And the brand-new 2021 model, by going up one flight of stairs, its motor adopts brand-new technology, with the great improvement of rotor strength and light weight of the whole vehicle. In the furious mode, the acceleration of 100 kilometers can reach 4.3s at the earliest, and the strong power output is comparable to that of super-running, only 36m, ranking the top level in the same class.

At the same time, as a model, the performance is far more than comfort. The new car is also equipped with the latest generation of FSD variable damping system from the world-class shock absorber manufacturer, which can automatically adjust the damping force according to the road condition and driving style at any time, and the exclusive adjustment by Hans, the former adjustment expert, is even more powerful. Without sacrificing comfort, it can bring the driver a calm and confident road control ability.

It is particularly worth mentioning that the new Tang is also equipped with Bosch?IPB integrated control system, which is faster, smarter and more accurate, and can avoid the phenomenon of "nodding", bringing the driving experience of state-level luxury cars.

In terms of safety, as a model, it is even more powerful. The 2021 Tang is equipped with the leading DiPilot intelligent driving assistance system at the same level, which can achieve automatic driving beyond L2 level, which is safer and more secure; For novice drivers or drivers with fear of reversing, DiPilot intelligent remote control driving mode and 3D holographic transparent image system are also available to escort them, making them more confident in traveling.

In addition, on the passive safety level, the hard nuclear safety inherited by the Tang Dynasty in 2021 actively followed up the epidemic prevention and control needs on the basis of the "double certification" of China Insurance Research Institute and China Automobile Research Institute, and was equipped with the "super-biochemical" mode and the intelligent sterilization oxygen bar mode, and the sterilization and purification were in one step. From active and passive "double safety" to respiratory safety, the 2021 Tang achieved a further advancement from "road tank" to "intelligent healthy ecological cockpit".

And written at the end, as one of the best sellers in China, of course, the new Tang pre-sale policy gives great benefits, including financial discount, replacement subsidy and so on. If you have demand, you may wish to go to the scene to find out, and the preferential margin will definitely satisfy you.

　　　At the beginning of the year in 2024, the sudden "price war" triggered a hot discussion on the whole network. With the entry of new forces, joint ventures and independent car companies, the existence of "Juan Wang" level appeared in a short time, which detonated the current automobile consumption market, and some related media predicted that this "bloody" price war would last for a whole year.

　　However, those who are interested may find that the price reduction tide basically revolves around fuel vehicles, and there is basically no price change for smart cars with high-level intelligent driving functions, which further confirms the high cost of intelligent driving and the future market. Recently, in March, M9 completed the OTA upgrade, taking the lead in completing the brand-new upgrade of the function of "intelligent driving without map". Under the guidance of Huawei’s technology, the intelligent driving industry in China has entered a brand-new era.

　　With its strong full-stack self-developed technical strength, Huawei Smart Drive has become an "industry ceiling"

　　As the world’s leading ICT giant, Huawei has rich technical accumulation in the fields of lidar, artificial intelligence and big data analysis, and with years of hard work in the field of intelligent driving, Huawei has realized the real "full stack self-research".

　　Take the laser radar, the core component of intelligent driving function, as an example, the asking M9 is equipped with a 192-line laser radar newly designed by Huawei, which has a more comprehensive perception ability. In the face of complicated road conditions such as urban road conditions, township roads and high-speed, the asking M9′ s powerful perception ability can calmly cope with it, allowing users to more comprehensively grasp the environment around the car body, thus better ensuring the personal safety of car owners and passengers.

　　At the same time, Huawei’s self-developed GOD 2.0 and RCR 2.0 technologies have also realized the function of "seeing the right road and understanding the road", in which GOD 2.0 makes the general obstacle recognition rate of vehicles reach 99.9%, which also provides a solid technical foundation for Huawei to realize the function of "intelligent driving without map" and makes Huawei an "industry ceiling" in the field of intelligent driving.

　　Accelerate the "Science and Technology Inclusive", and Huawei will help the technology development of the industry.

　　More importantly, through this OTA upgrade, all models in the world have completed the comprehensive upgrade of the "intelligent driving without map" function, which also means that ordinary users can now enjoy the intelligent driving function at a lower threshold and cost. Such "universal access to technology" is of great significance to the development of intelligent driving industry in China.

　　During the period when many automobile companies are actively developing intelligent driving, most major manufacturers are aiming at "city-level" efforts, but in fact they do not have nationwide functional experience, which leads to many users finding that they are not in line with expectations after actually picking up the car, thus greatly reducing the intelligent driving experience. This time, through the OTA upgrade of asking M9, it has brought the intelligent experience of the leading generation to consumers, truly achieved national coverage, and achieved "there is a way to open", which greatly improved the intelligent experience of consumers.

　　Thanks to Huawei’s technical strength, all models in the car world have opened a new era of "intelligent driving without a plan", especially the models in the car world series, and users will experience a more advanced and intelligent travel experience. From this point of view, Huawei has indeed drawn a rich and colorful stroke in the development history of the intelligent driving industry in China and has become a benchmark in the industry.

　　On October 28th, the first delivery ceremony of the new M7 city in AITO was held in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Since the pre-sale, consumers all over the country have been paying more and more attention to the new M7. As of today, the cumulative listing of the new M7 has exceeded 70,000! With the delivery of the first car owners, the new M7 officially landed in Zhejiang market.

　　As a new product with a total investment of 500 million yuan, Wenjie New M7 has stronger body, chassis and more comfortable driving performance, more spacious and ever-changing interior space design, stronger intelligent driving and smarter intelligent cockpit. Each function and design is from the consumer’s point of view, providing users with a comfortable driving experience. While creating exclusive personal comfort space, it can take care of the demand for family cars in all directions, and forward-looking innovative technology has broken through the boundaries of smart travel.

　　The new M7 in Wenjie fully considers the needs of family travel. It has the highest "room rate" in its class, and the leading effective space in its class is 3338 mm. The whole family can travel easily and stretch freely. In addition to the super spacious experience, the new M7 in Wenjie is also super-wearable. Its trunk has a storage capacity of 686L, which can accommodate 12 standard 20-inch boarding boxes. With the 52L storage compartment in the trunk, the efficient space efficiency can meet the loading requirements of most family cars.

　　In addition to meeting the needs of family travel, the new M7 also brings a smarter intelligent cockpit experience. The new M7 is equipped with HarmonyOS Intelligent Cockpit 3.0. The "Intelligent Cockpit Ceiling" is upgraded to provide users with a relaxed, convenient and rich immersive driving experience. In addition, the HUAWEI ADS 2.0 advanced intelligent driving system equipped with the new M7 is expected to be available all over the country by the end of December, bringing a better and better intelligent driving experience.

　　In addition to having more space and great wisdom experience, the new M7 in the world also brings super-safe experience. Using submarine-grade high-strength steel and CBS composite body material, the body structure is upgraded, and the five-seat body is matched to open the mold, which greatly improves the passive safety performance of the whole vehicle; When the lidar gets on the bus, HUAWEI ADS 2.0 launches the omni-directional anti-collision system, which will take the active safety one step further and can be regarded as "intelligent safety ceiling".

　　At the delivery ceremony, the new owner, Mr. Wang, said, "I am very excited to be the first owner. Today, the site also explained to us the maintenance of the new car, the rights and benefits of the owner and the preparation of a wealth of activities, which gave us a sense of ceremony. I have already thought about driving a new car to take my family on a camping trip!

　　Relying on the leading edge of Cyrus Auto and Huawei in their respective fields, AITO has always been committed to meeting the needs of multiple users with the best product quality and intelligent experience. As an important gift to the Zhejiang market, AITO has formulated exclusive benefits for consumers. Before October 31, 2023, the new M7 can enjoy rights worth up to 30,000 yuan.