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　　The Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Insurance Group Companies was adopted at the 10th Committee Meeting of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission in 2021 on August 19th, 2021. It is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

　　Chairman Guo Shuqing

　　November 24, 2021

　　Measures for the supervision and administration of insurance group companies

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 In order to strengthen the supervision and management of insurance group companies, effectively prevent the operational risks of insurance groups, and promote the healthy development of financial and insurance industries, these Measures are formulated in accordance with the Insurance Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Insurance Law), the Company Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and other laws and administrative regulations, as well as the Decision of the State Council on Setting Administrative Permissions for Administrative Examination and Approval Items that Need to Be Retained (Order No.412 of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China).

　　Article 2 The Insurance Regulatory Commission of the Bank of China (hereinafter referred to as China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission) shall, in accordance with laws, administrative regulations and the State Council’s authorization, and on the principle that substance is more important than form, conduct comprehensive, continuous and penetrating supervision and management over insurance group companies.

　　Article 3 The term "insurance group company" as mentioned in these Measures refers to a company registered in accordance with the law and established with the approval of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, which has the words "insurance group" or "insurance holding" in its name and exercises control, joint control or significant influence on the member companies of the insurance group.

　　Insurance group refers to an enterprise collection composed of insurance group companies and companies controlled, jointly controlled or greatly influenced by them. In this enterprise collection, besides insurance group companies, there are more than two subsidiaries that are insurance companies and insurance business is the main business of this enterprise collection.

　　The member companies of an insurance group refer to insurance group companies and companies controlled, jointly controlled or greatly influenced by them, including insurance group companies, subsidiaries directly or indirectly controlled by insurance group companies and other member companies.

　　Chapter II Establishment and Licensing

　　Article 4 The establishment of an insurance group company shall be submitted to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission for examination and approval and meet the following conditions:

　　(1) The investor meets the qualification requirements for shareholders of insurance companies as stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, and the shareholding structure is reasonable, and it controls at least 50% of the shares of two domestic insurance companies in total;

　　(2) Having member companies that meet the requirements of Article 6 of these Measures;

　　(3) The minimum registered capital is 2 billion yuan;

　　(4) Having directors, supervisors and senior managers who meet the qualification requirements stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission;

　　(5) Having a sound corporate governance structure, sound organizational structure, effective risk management and internal control management system;

　　(6) Having business premises, office equipment and information systems suitable for its operation and management;

　　(seven) other conditions stipulated by laws, administrative regulations and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Involving the disposal of risks, the above conditions may be appropriately relaxed with the approval of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 5 The supervision of equity and shareholders’ behavior of insurance group companies shall be governed by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission’s regulations on equity management of insurance companies.

　　Article 6 At least one insurance company controlled by the investor who intends to establish an insurance group company meets the following conditions:

　　(a) in China for more than 6 years;

　　(2) It has made continuous profits in the last three fiscal years;

　　(3) Its net assets at the end of the previous year are not less than 1 billion yuan, and its total assets are not less than 10 billion yuan;

　　(4) Having a sound corporate governance structure, sound organizational structure, effective risk management and internal control management system;

　　(5) The core solvency adequacy ratio is not less than 75% in the last four quarters, and the comprehensive solvency adequacy ratio is not less than 150%;

　　(6) Its comprehensive risk rating in the last four quarters is not lower than Class B;

　　(seven) in the last three years, there were no major violations of laws and regulations and major acts of dishonesty.

　　Article 7 An insurance group company may be established in the following two ways:

　　(1) Initiating the establishment. The shareholders of an insurance company, as promoters, set up an insurance group company with their equity and monetary contributions, of which the total monetary contribution shall not be less than 50% of the registered capital of the insurance group company.

　　(2) Renaming the establishment. An insurance company is renamed as an insurance group company, and the insurance group company establishes an insurance subsidiary with monetary contribution, and the insurance business of the original insurance company is transferred to the insurance subsidiary according to law.　

　　The establishment of insurance group companies includes two stages: preparation and opening.　

　　Article 8 Where an insurance group company is established by means of sponsorship, the sponsors shall submit the following materials to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission in the preparatory stage:

　　An application for establishment, including the name, organizational form, registered capital, domicile (business premises), investors, investment amount, investment proportion, business scope, preparatory organization, contact person and contact information of the company to be established;

　　(2) Feasibility study report, including feasibility analysis, establishment mode, development strategy, corporate governance and organizational framework, risk management and internal control system, solvency evaluation of insurance subsidiaries before and after integration, etc.;

　　(3) the preparation plan, including the establishment of the preparatory group, work responsibilities and work plans, the equity structure of the insurance group company to be established and its subsidiaries, the overall planning and operation process for rationalizing the equity relationship, the name and business category of the subsidiaries, etc.;

　　(4) The materials of the person-in-charge of the preparatory group, including the investor’s letter of confirmation on the appointment of the person-in-charge of the preparatory group and the proposed chairman and general manager, the basic information of the person-in-charge of the preparatory group, the personal approval certificate, the application form for the qualification of the proposed chairman and general manager, the identity certificate and the copy of the academic degree certificate;

　　(5) Draft articles of association of the insurance group company;

　　(6) The audited financial report and solvency report of the insurance company controlled by the promoters in the last three years;

　　(7) Business license;

　　(8) Relevant materials of investors, including basic information materials, financial information materials, corporate governance materials, subsidiary information materials, special materials of investors in limited partnership enterprises, etc.;

　　(9) documents certifying the ownership or right to use the domicile (business premises);

　　(ten) long-term development strategy and planning, business plan, foreign investment plan, capital and financial management, risk management and internal control and other major systems;

　　(eleven) information construction report;

　　(twelve) legal opinions;

　　(13) Anti-money laundering materials;

　　(14) A statement on the authenticity of the materials;

　　(fifteen) other materials stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 9 Where an insurance group company is established by renaming, the insurance company to be renamed shall submit the following materials to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission in the preparatory stage:

　　(1) An application for renaming, which shall specify the name, organizational form, registered capital, domicile (business premises), business scope, preparatory organization, contact person and contact information of the company to be renamed;

　　(2) Feasibility study report, including feasibility analysis, renaming method, corporate governance and organizational framework, development strategy, risk management and internal control system, and solvency assessment of insurance companies before and after renaming;

　　(3) The name change plan, including the equity structure of the insurance group company to be established and its subsidiaries, the overall planning and operation process for rationalizing the equity relationship, the name and business category of the subsidiaries, etc.;

　　(4) The materials of the person-in-charge of the preparatory group, including the investor’s letter of confirmation on the appointment of the person-in-charge of the preparatory group and the proposed chairman and general manager, the basic information of the person-in-charge of the preparatory group, the personal approval certificate, the application form for the qualification of the proposed chairman and general manager, the identity certificate and a copy of the academic degree certificate;

　　(5) Draft articles of association of the insurance group company;

　　(six) the resolution of the shareholders’ (general) meeting of the insurance company to change its name and establish an insurance group company;

　　(7) The audited financial report and solvency report of the insurance company in the last three years;

　　(eight) the business license after the name change;

　　(9) documents certifying the ownership or right to use the domicile (business premises);

　　(ten) long-term development strategy and planning, business plan, foreign investment plan, capital and financial management, risk management and internal control and other major systems;

　　(eleven) information construction report;

　　(twelve) legal opinions;

　　(13) Anti-money laundering materials;

　　(14) A statement on the authenticity of the materials;

　　(fifteen) other materials stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 10 Where an insurance group company is established, the promoters or the insurance company to be renamed shall submit the following materials to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission at the opening stage:

　　(1) An application for starting business, including the company’s name, domicile (business place), legal representative, registered capital, shareholding structure, business area and business scope, and the list of directors, supervisors, senior managers and key position managers to be proposed.

　　(2) If the establishment is initiated, the resolution of the founding meeting shall be provided; if there is no resolution of the founding meeting, the documents or resolutions of all investors agreeing to apply for business opening shall be submitted; In case of renaming, the resolution of the shareholders’ (general) meeting shall be provided.

　　(3) Articles of association of the insurance group company and rules of procedure of the shareholders’ (general) meeting, the board of directors and the board of supervisors.

　　(4) If the establishment is initiated, a capital verification report shall be provided; If the company adopts the method of renaming its establishment, it shall provide the asset appraisal report, customer and creditor rights protection plan and employee rights protection plan to be injected into the newly established insurance subsidiary.

　　(5) Development planning, including planning elements such as the company’s strategic objectives, business development, institutional development, solvency management, capital management, risk management and safeguard measures.

　　(6) Resumes of the directors, supervisors and senior managers to be appointed and the certification materials that meet the corresponding qualifications.

　　(7) The organizational structure of the company, including the establishment of departments and the basic composition of personnel.

　　(8) Asset custody agreement or letter of intent for asset custody cooperation.

　　(nine) the certificate of ownership or right to use the residence (business premises) and the fire safety certificate.

　　(ten) information construction report.

　　(eleven) the company’s internal management system.

　　(12) Business license.

　　(13) Relevant materials of investors, including financial information materials, tax payment certificates and credit records, information on the ownership structure, controlling shareholders and actual controllers, a statement of no record of major violations of laws and regulations, and a commitment letter for investment in self-owned funds.

　　(14) Anti-money laundering materials.

　　(15) A statement on the authenticity of the materials.

　　(sixteen) other materials stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 11 To establish an insurance group company, it shall register with the market supervision and management department in industrial and commercial registration and obtain a business license.

　　An insurance group company shall be approved by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission before it can carry out relevant business activities. After approval by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, an insurance license shall be issued.

　　The time limit for examination and approval of the establishment of insurance group companies shall be implemented with reference to the relevant provisions of insurance companies.

　　Chapter III Operating Rules

　　Article 12 The business of an insurance group company is mainly equity investment and management.

　　Insurance group companies should use their own funds to carry out major equity investments. Major equity investment refers to the investment behavior of controlling the invested enterprise.

　　Article 13 An insurance group company shall abide by the requirements of laws, administrative regulations and other regulatory provisions in its insurance business, equity management and use of insurance funds.

　　Article 14 On the basis of respecting the operational autonomy of independent legal persons of subsidiaries and other member companies, insurance group companies shall make overall management of the equity investment of the whole group to prevent disorderly expansion.

　　Article 15 An insurance group company may invest in the following insurance enterprises:

　　(1) Insurance companies;

　　(2) Insurance asset management institutions;

　　(3) specialized insurance agencies, insurance brokerage agencies and insurance assessment agencies;

　　(four) other insurance enterprises approved by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 16 An insurance group company may invest in non-insurance financial enterprises.

　　The book balance of major equity investments made by insurance group companies and their subsidiaries in domestic non-insurance financial enterprises shall not exceed 30% of the consolidated net assets of the group at the end of last year.

　　Article 17 An insurance group company and its subsidiaries shall, in principle, not hold more than one share when investing in an enterprise with the same main business in the same financial industry.

　　Article 18 An insurance group company may invest in non-financial enterprises related to insurance business as stipulated in Article 56 of these Measures.

　　Except for non-financial enterprises and project companies established for investment in real estate as stipulated in Article 56 of these Measures, the shareholding ratio of an insurance group company to other single non-financial enterprises shall not exceed 25%, or it shall not have a significant impact on the enterprise.

　　Article 19 The total book balance of major equity investments made by insurance group companies and their financial subsidiaries in domestic non-financial enterprises shall not exceed 10% of the consolidated net assets of the group at the end of last year.

　　Non-financial enterprises included in the calculation scope of the preceding paragraph refer to the first-level non-financial enterprises invested by insurance group companies and their financial subsidiaries in China.

　　The non-financial enterprises mentioned in this Article do not include the project companies established by insurance group companies and their financial subsidiaries for investing in real estate, and the shared service subsidiaries mainly providing services for insurance groups as stipulated in Item (1) of Paragraph 1 of Article 56 of these Measures.

　　Article 20 An insurance group company may make overseas investments.

　　The book balance of major equity investments made by insurance group companies and their domestic subsidiaries in overseas entities shall not exceed 10% of the consolidated net assets of the group at the end of last year.

　　The overseas entities included in the calculation of the preceding paragraph refer to the first-level overseas entities invested by insurance group companies and their domestic subsidiaries abroad.

　　The book balance of an insurance group company and its domestic subsidiaries investing in a single overseas non-financial entity shall not exceed 5% of the consolidated net assets of the group at the end of the previous year.

　　The overseas entities specified in this article do not include the project companies established by insurance group companies and their domestic financial subsidiaries for investing in real estate.

　　Chapter IV Corporate Governance

　　Article 21 An insurance group company shall, in accordance with the requirements of laws, administrative regulations and other regulatory provisions, establish a corporate governance framework that meets the following requirements:

　　(1) Covering all member companies of the Group;

　　(2) Covering all important matters of the Group;

　　(3) properly identify and balance the conflicts of interest between the member companies and the group as a whole and among the member companies.

　　The contents that the governance framework should pay attention to include but not limited to:

　　(1) Standardized governance structure;

　　(two) the appropriateness of the ownership structure and management structure;

　　(3) Clear boundaries of responsibilities;

　　(4) Financial soundness of major shareholders;

　　(5) Scientific development strategy, values and good social responsibility;

　　(6) Effective risk management and internal control;

　　(7) Reasonable incentive and restraint mechanism;

　　(8) Perfect information disclosure system.

　　Article 22 An insurance group company shall respect the operational autonomy of its subsidiaries and other member companies as independent legal persons, make overall management of the group’s human resources, financial accounting, data governance, information system, capital utilization, brand culture and other matters, strengthen business collaboration and resource sharing within the group, establish a risk management, internal control compliance and internal audit system covering the whole group, and improve the overall operational efficiency and risk prevention capability of the group.

　　Article 23 An insurance group company shall not abuse its control position or take other improper measures to damage the legitimate rights and interests of its subsidiaries and other stakeholders in the process of performing its management functions.

　　Article 24 An insurance group company shall organize the formulation of the overall strategic plan of the group, regularly evaluate the implementation of the strategic plan, and adjust and improve the strategic plan according to the actual development and changes in the external environment.

　　An insurance group company shall, according to the overall strategic planning of the group, guide its subsidiaries to formulate development strategies and business plans. An insurance group company shall set up or designate corresponding functional departments to regularly monitor and evaluate the implementation of the development strategy and business plan of its subsidiaries and put forward management opinions to ensure the realization of the overall objectives of the group and the responsibility objectives of its subsidiaries.

　　Article 25 An insurance group company shall reasonably determine the size and membership of the board of directors according to its own management needs.

　　Article 26 The board of directors of an insurance group company shall set up a special committee according to relevant regulatory requirements and actual conditions, and exercise such functions as auditing, nomination and remuneration management, strategic management, risk management and related party transaction management.

　　Article 27 An insurance group company shall guide its subsidiaries to establish a standardized corporate governance structure according to the overall strategic planning of the group and the management needs of its subsidiaries and the principles of compliance, simplification and high efficiency.

　　If the subsidiary is a listed company, the corporate governance shall conform to the listing rules and the regulatory requirements of the listed company.

　　Article 28 An insurance group company shall, while promoting the good operation of its shareholders’ (general) meeting, board of directors and board of supervisors in accordance with the law, strengthen decision-making support and organizational management for different levels and types of meetings of its subsidiaries.

　　An insurance group company shall establish or designate corresponding functional departments to provide support and services for the directors and supervisors of its subsidiaries to perform their duties. Directors and supervisors of subsidiaries shall be responsible for their performance of duties in the board of directors or the board of supervisors according to law.

　　Article 29 An insurance group company may, after filing with China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, exempt its insurance subsidiaries from the regulatory requirements on independent directors and special committees of the board of directors if it meets the following conditions:

　　(1) The insurance group has a sound corporate governance structure and an effective corporate governance mechanism, and has established a system of independent directors and special committees of the board of directors in accordance with relevant regulatory provisions;

　　(2) The insurance group company has established an effective control mechanism for its insurance subsidiaries.

　　In the event that an insurance subsidiary exempted in the preceding paragraph fails in its corporate governance mechanism or suffers from corporate governance defects, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may revoke the exemption as appropriate.

　　Article 30 An insurance group company shall have a concise, clear and penetrating equity structure.

　　An insurance group shall establish an organizational structure and management structure suitable for its strategic planning, risk status and management ability, so as to achieve a reasonable level of equity control of the insurance group company and its subordinate member companies, a clear and transparent organizational structure and a clear management structure.

　　Article 31 In principle, the level of equity control between an insurance group company and its financial subsidiaries shall not exceed three levels, and the level of equity control between its non-financial subsidiaries shall not exceed four levels. The calculation of the level of equity control is based on the level of the insurance group company. Special purpose entities that do not conduct business or actually operate, and project companies established to invest in real estate may not be counted in the above-mentioned equity control level.

　　Article 32 In principle, the member companies of an insurance group shall not cross-hold shares, and subsidiaries and other member companies shall not hold the shares of an insurance group company.

　　Article 33 In principle, the senior managers of an insurance group company may concurrently serve as the senior managers of at most one insurance subsidiary.

　　In principle, senior managers of subsidiaries and other member companies shall not concurrently hold positions with each other.

　　Article 34 An insurance group company shall establish and improve the performance evaluation system for directors, supervisors and senior managers covering the whole group.

　　An insurance group company shall establish a scientific and reasonable salary management mechanism and performance appraisal system that is compatible with the group’s development strategy, risk management, overall benefits, job responsibilities, social responsibilities and corporate culture.

　　Article 35 An insurance group company shall establish a unified internal audit system, conduct independent and objective supervision, evaluation and suggestions on the financial revenue and expenditure, business operation, internal control and risk management of the group and its member companies, and guide and evaluate the internal audit work of its subsidiaries.

　　If an insurance group company implements centralized or vertical management of internal audit, its subsidiaries may entrust the insurance group company to carry out internal audit.

　　Chapter V Risk Management

　　Article 36 An insurance group company shall integrate the group’s risk management resources, establish a comprehensive risk management system and a scientific and effective risk early warning mechanism that are suitable for the group’s strategic objectives, organizational structure and business model, and effectively identify, measure, evaluate, monitor and control the overall risks of the group.

　　Insurance group risks include but are not limited to:

　　(1) General risks, including insurance risk, credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, reputation risk and strategic risk;

　　(2) Unique risks, including risk contagion, opaque organizational structure, concentration risk, non-insurance risks, etc.

　　Article 37 An insurance group company shall set up a risk management department independent of the business department, responsible for the formulation and implementation of the group’s comprehensive risk management system, and require all business lines, subsidiaries and other member companies to formulate their own risk management policies under the framework of the group’s overall risk preference and risk management policies, so as to promote the consistency and effectiveness of the insurance group’s risk management.

　　Article 38 An insurance group company shall formulate a risk preference system at the group level, define the risk level that the group is willing and able to bear in the process of achieving its strategic objectives, determine the risk management objectives, and the risk tolerance and risk limit of the group for various risks.

　　The risk preference system shall be implemented after the approval of the board of directors, and shall be reviewed, revised and improved every year.

　　Article 39 An insurance group company shall, according to the overall development strategy and risk preference of the group, allocate various risk indicators and risk limits, and establish an over-limit disposal mechanism. The risk preference, risk tolerance and risk limit of subsidiaries and other member companies shall be coordinated with those of the Group.

　　An insurance group company shall monitor the implementation of the risk management system of the group as a whole, its subsidiaries and other member companies, and may require the member companies to adjust the risk limit based on the group risk limit when necessary.

　　Article 40 An insurance group company shall establish an information system to meet the needs of group risk management, ensure that it can obtain relevant information of group risk management accurately, comprehensively and timely, conduct qualitative and quantitative analysis of various risks, and effectively identify, evaluate and monitor the overall risk status of the group.

　　Article 41 An insurance group company shall manage the concentration risk of the group on the basis of consolidated statement, and establish and improve the policies, procedures and methods of concentration risk management, so as to identify, measure, monitor and prevent different types of concentration risks of the group as a whole and its member companies.

　　The concentration risk of insurance group refers to the risk that a single risk or risk combination of member companies may directly or indirectly threaten the solvency of the group after aggregation at the group level; Including but not limited to counterparty concentration risk, insurance business concentration risk, non-insurance business concentration risk, investment asset concentration risk, industry concentration risk, regional concentration risk, etc.

　　Article 42 An insurance group company shall establish and improve the firewall system in fund management, business operation, information management and personnel management within the group to prevent risk transmission among the member companies of the insurance group.

　　When conducting business collaboration among insurance group member companies, the risk-taking subjects shall be clearly defined in the form of contracts according to law, so as to prevent unclear risk responsibilities, cross-infection and conflicts of interest.

　　Article 43 An insurance group company shall establish policies and procedures for monitoring, reporting, controlling and handling related party transactions and internal transactions of the whole insurance group, so as to prevent possible improper interest transfer, delayed exposure of risks, regulatory arbitrage, risk contagion and other negative impacts on the stable operation of the insurance group.

　　The internal transactions of an insurance group shall comply with the relevant provisions of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission on related party transactions and internal transactions.

　　Article 44 An insurance group company shall strengthen the overall management of the group’s external guarantee, and clarify the conditions, amount and approval procedures of the external guarantee.

　　An insurance group company can only provide guarantees to its insurance subsidiaries, and the balance of external guarantees provided by the insurance group company and its subsidiaries shall not exceed 10% of the company’s net assets at the end of the previous year.

　　Article 45 An insurance group company shall establish a stress test system suitable for its risks, conduct stress tests on the overall liquidity and solvency of the group on a regular basis, and apply the test results to the formulation of business management decisions, emergency plans and recovery and disposal plans.

　　Article 46 An insurance group company shall strengthen the information security protection of group customers, guide and urge its subsidiaries and other member companies to carry out the collection, transmission, storage, use and sharing of customer information in accordance with the principles of legality, justness and necessity, and strictly fulfill their information protection obligations.

　　Chapter VI Capital Management

　　Article 47 An insurance group company shall establish and improve a capital management system covering the whole group, including a capital planning mechanism, a capital adequacy evaluation mechanism, a capital restraint mechanism and a capital replenishment mechanism, so as to ensure that the capital is suitable for the asset scale, business complexity and risk characteristics, and can fully cover all kinds of risks faced by the group.

　　Article 48 An insurance group company shall, according to the company’s development strategic objectives, industry conditions and relevant state regulations, make targeted capital plans for the insurance group company and its financial subsidiaries for at least the next three years, and ensure the feasibility of the capital plans.

　　Article 49 An insurance group company shall set appropriate capital adequacy targets according to the group’s development strategy, business planning and risk preference.

　　Insurance group companies and their financial subsidiaries should establish a capital adequacy assessment mechanism that is suitable for their own risk characteristics and business environment, regularly assess their capital status, ensure that insurance group companies and their insurance subsidiaries meet the solvency supervision requirements, and the capital status of non-insurance financial subsidiaries continues to meet the requirements of financial supervision departments, and maintain the asset-liability ratio of non-financial subsidiaries at a reasonable level to achieve safe and stable operation of the group.

　　Article 50 An insurance group company shall establish a capital restraint mechanism within the group to guide its subsidiaries and other member companies to strictly abide by the capital restraint indicators, pay attention to prudent operation and strengthen risk management in formulating development strategies and business plans, designing products and using funds.

　　Insurance group companies shall strengthen the management of assets and liabilities, keep the debt scale and term structure reasonable and appropriate, and keep the asset structure and liability structure reasonably matched.

　　Article 51 An insurance group company shall establish a capital replenishment mechanism suitable for the development strategy and business planning of its subsidiaries and other member companies, maintain the group’s capital adequacy by strengthening business management, improving internal profitability, equity or debt financing, and strengthen cash flow management to fulfill its capital contribution obligations to its subsidiaries and other member companies.

　　Article 52 An insurance group company may issue qualified capital instruments according to laws, administrative regulations and other regulatory provisions, but the double leverage ratio shall be strictly controlled. The double leverage ratio of insurance group companies shall not be higher than the relevant requirements of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　The term "double leverage ratio" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the ratio of the book value of the long-term equity investment of an insurance group company to the owner’s equity; Book value refers to the book balance minus impairment reserve.

　　Chapter VII Management of Non-insurance Subsidiaries

　　Article 53 The term "non-insurance subsidiaries" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the domestic and overseas subsidiaries directly or indirectly controlled by the insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries, which do not belong to the insurance enterprises specified in Article 15 of these Measures.

　　Article 54 An insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries directly or indirectly invest in non-insurance subsidiaries, which should be conducive to optimizing the group’s resource allocation, exerting synergy, enhancing the overall specialization level and market competitiveness of the group, and effectively promoting the development of the main insurance industry.

　　The term "direct investment" as mentioned in this chapter refers to the behavior of insurance group companies and their insurance subsidiaries to invest in the name of investors and hold the equity of non-insurance subsidiaries; The so-called indirect investment refers to the behavior of insurance group companies and their non-insurance subsidiaries at all levels to invest in the name of investors and hold the equity of other non-insurance subsidiaries.

　　Investing in non-insurance subsidiaries should follow the principle that substance is more important than form. In essence, the investment carried out by an insurance group company or its insurance subsidiaries shall not evade supervision by indirect investment through non-insurance subsidiaries in violation of regulations.

　　Article 55 An insurance group company shall establish a sound internal management system, define the authority, process and responsibility for the management of non-insurance subsidiaries, and implement the main responsibility for the management of non-insurance subsidiaries.

　　Article 56 An insurance group company may directly or indirectly invest in non-insurance subsidiaries, and the specific types include:

　　(1) A shared service subsidiary that mainly provides information technology services, auditing, policy management, catastrophe management, property management and other services and management for insurance group member companies;

　　(2) Other non-insurance subsidiaries established by carrying out major equity investment according to the regulatory provisions of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission on the use of insurance funds;

　　(3) Other subsidiaries as stipulated by laws, administrative regulations and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 57 Where an insurance group company directly invests in a non-insurance subsidiary of shared services, it shall meet the following conditions:

　　(1) The corporate governance mechanism is sound and running well;

　　(2) At the end of the previous period, the comprehensive solvency adequacy ratio was above 150%, and the core solvency adequacy ratio was above 75%;

　　(three) the use of its own funds to invest, the source of funds in line with laws, administrative regulations and regulatory requirements;

　　(4) The non-insurance subsidiary with shared services to be invested mainly provides shared services for the insurance group;

　　(5) China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission’s regulatory provisions on major equity investments.

　　Insurance group companies may not indirectly invest in non-insurance subsidiaries of shared services.

　　Article 58 An insurance group company investing in a non-insurance subsidiary of shared services shall report to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission for examination and approval, and provide the following materials:

　　(a) the materials that should be submitted for the major equity investment required by the relevant regulatory provisions of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission;

　　(2) Specific plans for sharing services or management, institutional arrangements for risk isolation, and relevant measures for protecting the rights and interests of insurance consumers, etc.

　　The direct investment of insurance group companies in non-insurance subsidiaries other than shared services shall be implemented in accordance with the regulatory provisions of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission on major equity investments.

　　Where an insurance group company indirectly invests in a non-insurance subsidiary, the insurance group company shall report to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission within 15 working days from the date of signing the sponsor agreement or investment agreement.

　　Article 59 The direct investment of an insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries in non-insurance subsidiaries shall conform to the internal decision-making procedures stipulated in laws, administrative regulations, regulatory provisions and its articles of association, and be approved by its shareholders’ (general meeting), board of directors or its authorized institutions.

　　Indirect investment in non-insurance subsidiaries shall be reported to the board of directors of the insurance group company or its insurance subsidiaries.

　　Article 60 An insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries shall, through the management of the directly controlled non-insurance subsidiaries, ensure that other non-insurance subsidiaries invested or acquired by non-insurance subsidiaries comply with the relevant requirements of these Measures.

　　Article 61 An insurance group company shall strengthen the management of trademarks and shop names, and clarify the specific ways and authorities for non-insurance member companies to use their own trademarks and shop names, so as to avoid the transmission of reputation risks.

　　Article 62 An insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries shall not provide guarantees for the debts of non-insurance subsidiaries, and shall not provide loans to non-insurance subsidiaries, unless otherwise stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 63 An insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries may not invest in non-insurance subsidiaries by taking joint liability for the debts of the invested enterprise.

　　When an insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries subscribe for shares of non-insurance subsidiaries or securities such as stocks and bonds issued by them, they shall abide by the regulatory provisions of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission on the use of insurance funds.

　　Where an insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries make commitments to increase investment or provide capital assistance to non-insurance subsidiaries in the future, they shall comply with relevant regulations and be approved by their shareholders’ meeting, the board of directors or their authorized institutions.

　　Article 64 An insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries shall establish an outsourcing management system, specifying the scope, contents, forms, decision-making authority and procedures, follow-up management, rights, obligations and responsibilities of outsourcing parties, etc.

　　The term "outsourcing" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the behavior that an insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries entrust some business activities or management functions that were originally handled by themselves to non-insurance subsidiaries or institutions outside the group for continuous processing.

　　Article 65 Where an insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries outsource their business or functions, they shall conduct a risk assessment and be reviewed and approved by its board of directors or the agency authorized by the board of directors, so as to ensure that the entrusted party providing outsourcing services has good and stable financial status, high technical strength and service quality, complete management ability and strong ability to deal with emergencies.

　　When outsourcing, an insurance group company and its insurance subsidiaries shall sign a written contract with the trustee, specifying the outsourcing content, form, service price, customer information confidentiality requirements, rights and obligations of all parties, and liability for breach of contract. In the process of outsourcing, we should strengthen the risk monitoring of outsourcing activities, regularly review the performance of outsourcing business and functions in the annual risk assessment, conduct risk exposure analysis and other risk assessments, and report to the board of directors.

　　Insurance group companies and their insurance subsidiaries shall report to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission 20 working days before the signing of the outsourcing contract. According to the risk status of the outsourcing behavior, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission can take measures such as risk warning, meeting and talking, supervision and inquiry.

　　Article 66 An insurance group company shall submit the annual report of its non-insurance subsidiaries to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission before April 30th every year. The report shall include the following contents:

　　(a) the overall situation of investment in non-insurance subsidiaries, including the number, level, business classification and operation, control, important internal control and risk management system of non-insurance subsidiaries;

　　(2) The equity structure diagram of non-insurance subsidiaries, including the hierarchy and calculation of non-insurance subsidiaries, and the equity proportion of insurance group companies and their insurance subsidiaries directly or indirectly investing in non-insurance subsidiaries, etc.;

　　(3) Basic information of the main senior managers of non-insurance subsidiaries;

　　(4) Risk assessment of non-insurance subsidiaries, including major related party transactions and major internal transactions, outsourcing management, firewall construction and asset-liability ratio of non-financial subsidiaries, etc.;

　　(5) The insurance group’s holding of changes in equity, a non-insurance subsidiary, and the reasons;

　　(six) other matters required by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　The annual report of the non-insurance subsidiaries of the insurance group shall be submitted by the insurance group company.

　　Chapter VIII Information Disclosure

　　Article 67 An insurance group company shall, in accordance with the requirements of laws, administrative regulations and other regulatory provisions, follow the principles of completeness, accuracy, timeliness and effectiveness, and disclose information in a standardized manner.

　　Article 68 An insurance group company shall, in addition to disclosing its basic information according to the relevant regulatory provisions on information disclosure of insurance institutions, also disclose the basic information of the group as a whole, including:

　　(a) the ownership structure between the insurance group company and its subsidiaries at all levels;

　　(2) Basic information such as the name, registered capital, paid-in capital, shareholding structure and legal representative of the non-insurance subsidiary;

　　(3) Other matters stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 69 An insurance group company shall, in addition to disclosing its major events in accordance with the relevant regulatory provisions on information disclosure of insurance institutions, also disclose the following major events that have occurred in the group:

　　(1) Risk events that have a significant impact on the Group;

　　(two) other matters stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.　

　　Article 70 An insurance group company shall prepare an annual information disclosure report, which shall at least include the following contents in addition to the company’s annual information disclosed in accordance with the relevant regulatory provisions on information disclosure of insurance institutions:

　　(1) Financial and accounting information under the consolidated caliber of the previous year;

　　(2) solvency information of the previous year;

　　(3) Major internal transactions between consolidated member companies of the insurance group in the previous year, except those that have been disclosed by member companies according to laws, administrative regulations and other regulatory requirements;

　　(4) The overall risk management status of the Group in the previous year;

　　(five) other matters stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 71 An insurance group company shall post the basic information, major events and annual information disclosure report of the company and the group as a whole on the company website.

　　If the basic situation changes, the insurance group company shall update it within 10 working days from the date of change.

　　In the event of a major event, the insurance group company shall issue a temporary information disclosure announcement within 15 working days from the date of the event.

　　The annual information disclosure report shall be released before April 30th of each year, unless otherwise stipulated by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　The disclosure of information related to solvency shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant requirements of the solvency supervision rules of insurance companies.

　　Article 72 Relevant information that has been disclosed by a listed insurance group company in accordance with the information disclosure requirements of listed companies may not be disclosed repeatedly.

　　Chapter IX Supervision and Administration

　　Article 73 On the basis of supervision by a single legal person, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission conducts comprehensive and continuous consolidated supervision on the capital, finance and risks of insurance groups, and identifies, measures, monitors and evaluates the overall risks of insurance groups.

　　Based on consolidated supervision, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission can adopt direct or indirect supervision, and comprehensively monitor the risks of all member companies of insurance groups through insurance group companies or other regulated member companies according to law, and take corresponding measures when necessary.

　　The financial management department shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities for financial supervision, supervise the insurance group companies and their financial member companies.

　　Article 74 China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission follows the principle that substance is more important than form, and determines the scope of consolidated supervision of insurance groups on the basis of control and taking into account the risk correlation.

　　Article 75 An insurance group company and its subsidiaries shall be included in the scope of consolidated supervision.

　　In addition to the circumstances specified in the preceding paragraph, the following institutions invested by insurance group companies shall be included in the scope of consolidated supervision:

　　(1) The risks or losses generated by the invested institution are sufficient to have a significant impact on the financial position and risk level of the insurance group;

　　(2) Other invested institutions established through complicated equity design such as domestic and overseas subsidiaries and shell companies, which are actually controlled by the insurance group or have a significant impact on the operation and management of the institution.

　　Article 76 China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission has the right to determine and adjust the scope of consolidated supervision and put forward supervision requirements according to the changes in the ownership structure, risk categories and risk status of insurance group companies.

　　The insurance group company shall report the consolidated scope and management to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 77 China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may require the following units or individuals to provide materials and information related to the operation, management and financial status of an insurance group company within a specified time limit:

　　(1) A member company of an insurance group;

　　(2) Shareholders and actual controllers of the insurance group company;

　　(3) Directors, supervisors and senior managers of insurance group companies;

　　(four) other units or individuals that China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission considers it necessary to provide relevant information.

　　China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission can establish a tripartite meeting mechanism with insurance group companies and external auditors to learn about the insurance group’s corporate governance, risk prevention and control, and group management and control.

　　According to the Insurance Law and the relevant provisions of the financial supervision and coordination mechanism, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission can ask the account opening banks, designated commercial banks, asset custody institutions, stock exchanges and securities registration and settlement institutions of the member companies of the insurance group to assist in the investigation.

　　Article 78 An insurance group company shall timely submit financial reports, solvency reports, consolidated supervision reports, reports of non-insurance subsidiaries and other relevant reports and other materials to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　Article 79 In case of major events that affect or may affect the operation and management, financial status, risk control and customer asset safety of an insurance group company, or major changes in the organizational structure, management structure or equity structure of an insurance group company, the insurance group company shall immediately submit a report to China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, explaining the causes, current status, possible impacts and measures to be taken.

　　Article 80 If the capital adequacy level of the financial subsidiaries of an insurance group company fails to meet the requirements of the financial regulatory agency, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may require the insurance group company to ensure its capital adequacy by means of capital increase. If an insurance group company fails to implement the regulatory requirements, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission can take corresponding measures according to law.

　　Article 81 If an insurance subsidiary of an insurance group company fails to meet the prudential supervision requirements stipulated by the financial regulatory agency, and its business or financial situation deteriorates significantly, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may require the insurance group company to take effective measures to help it resume its normal operation.

　　Article 82 If a non-insurance subsidiary significantly endangers the safe operation of an insurance group company or its insurance subsidiaries, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may require the insurance group company to make rectification.

　　Article 83 If the equity investment scope, proportion or equity control level of an insurance group company and its subsidiaries do not meet the regulatory requirements, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may take corresponding measures according to law.

　　Article 84 China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may, based on the principle of prudential supervision, require insurance group companies to carry out stress tests covering the whole group on their solvency, liquidity and other risks, and take corresponding measures according to the results of the stress tests.

　　Article 85 China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission may require an insurance group company to make a recovery and disposal plan according to its asset scale, business complexity and risk status. The recovery plan should ensure the sustainability of the important business of the insurance group in the face of crisis; The disposal plan should avoid the negative impact on the industry caused by the interruption of the operation of the insurance group and minimize the consumption of public capital.

　　Article 86 China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission cooperates with other domestic regulatory agencies, shares regulatory information, coordinates regulatory policies and measures, and effectively supervises insurance group member companies to avoid regulatory vacuum and duplication.

　　China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission can carry out regulatory cooperation with overseas regulatory agencies by signing cross-border cooperation agreements or other forms, strengthen cross-border regulatory coordination and information sharing, and effectively supervise cross-border insurance groups.

　　Chapter X Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 87 The supervision and management of the merger, division, change, dissolution and business of insurance group companies, as well as the qualifications of relevant personnel, shall be implemented with reference to the relevant provisions of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission on insurance companies.

　　Article 88 These Measures shall apply to foreign insurance companies or foreign insurance group companies that set up insurance group companies as shareholders of insurance companies in China. If there are special provisions in the Regulations on the Administration of Foreign-funded Insurance Companies and its detailed rules for implementation, those provisions shall prevail.

　　These Measures shall apply mutatis mutandis to insurance companies that have direct or indirect control over other insurance enterprises, but do not have the words "insurance group" or "insurance holding" in their names, and the first paragraph of Article 29 shall not apply.

　　Insurance groups recognized as systemically important financial institutions have special regulatory provisions, which shall prevail.

　　Article 89 The management of non-insurance subsidiaries directly or indirectly invested by insurance companies shall refer to the provisions of these Measures on non-insurance subsidiaries.

　　Except for branches of member companies of an insurance group, the unincorporated organizations of an insurance group shall be governed by the provisions of these Measures on member companies of an insurance group.

　　Article 90 The term "control" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the existence of one of the following circumstances:

　　(1) The investor directly or indirectly obtains more than half of the voting shares of the invested enterprise;

　　(2) The investor substantially owns more than half of the voting rights of the invested enterprise by signing agreements or other arrangements with other investors;

　　(3) According to the law or agreement, the investor has the power to actually control the behavior of the invested enterprise;

　　(4) The investor has the right to appoint or remove more than half of the members of the board of directors or other similar authority of the invested enterprise;

　　(five) the investor has more than half of the voting rights in the board of directors of the invested enterprise or other similar authority;

　　(6) Other circumstances under control, including those in accordance with the Accounting Standards for Enterprises No.33 — — The consolidated financial statements constitute a control situation.

　　When two or more investors are qualified to independently lead the decision-making, operation and management activities of the invested enterprise in different aspects, the party that can lead the activities that have the most significant impact on the return of the invested enterprise is regarded as forming control over the invested enterprise.

　　Article 91 The term "above", "at least" and "not less than" as mentioned in these Measures all include this number, and "exceeding" does not include this number.

　　Article 92 These Measures shall be interpreted by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Article 93 These Measures shall come into force as of the date of promulgation. The Measures for the Administration of Insurance Group Companies (Trial) issued by the former China Insurance Regulatory Commission (No.29 [2010] of China Insurance Regulatory Commission) shall be abolished at the same time. Where the provisions of the Guidelines for Consolidated Supervision of Insurance Groups (No.96 [2014] of China Insurance Regulatory Commission) are inconsistent with these Measures, these Measures shall prevail.

In 2015, a professor from China Normal University found microplastics in our salt;

In 2017, microplastics was detected in bottled water, and only one brand among many tested brands was not found;

In 2018, as many as 9 kinds of microplastics were detected in human feces for the first time …

It turns out that each of us lives surrounded by marine garbage and other out-of-control garbage!

There is so much marine garbage that we can no longer turn a blind eye to it.

In the distance, the garbage patch in the North Pacific is so big that someone wants to apply for establishing a country to join the United Nations.

Nearby, as long as we leave the city and go to the fields,

You can see the garbage at the head of the ditch. As long as there is a river,

It has a chance to travel long distances into the ocean.

The sea is always impartial. If you care for it, it will give you a deep blue.

You throw rubbish at it, and it returns you to the pervasive microplastics.

Welcome to discuss where the marine garbage comes from and where it should go!

Topic of this issue

Chairman of Shanghai Rendu Marine Public Welfare Development CenterLiu yonglong

Graduated from Fudan University in 1997, resigned as a state-owned enterprise and has been engaged in the investigation and treatment of marine garbage.Where does the marine garbage come from? How to govern? What is the annual variation law of marine garbage? Which enterprises or individuals are the chief culprits of these rubbish?Welcome questions.

▍What is microplastics?

Q: How much garbage is there in the ocean?

Liu Yonglong:"There are more than 5 trillion pieces of plastic products floating in the ocean", "About 8 million tons of garbage belongs to the ocean every year" and "More than 20 million tons of waste plastics are directly discarded without treatment and eventually enter the ocean"-we can see the answers to this question from different angles, but no one can make it clear, because it is impossible for us to fish up the garbage in the ocean, weigh it or count it one by one.

Q: Is there more domestic garbage or industrial garbage in marine garbage? What are the main things of industrial waste?

Liu Yonglong:At the stage of marine garbage, it seems that industrial garbage and domestic garbage can’t be distinguished. We can only identify a few plastic bags and shoes, and we can barely identify some brands of garbage (about 11%), but we can’t tell which ones are industrial garbage.

Q: What is microplastics?

Liu Yonglong: According to the "Research Report on Some Typical Beach Garbage Monitoring in China (2017)" to be released by Shanghai Rendu Marine Public Welfare Development Center, microplastics can be roughly understood as follows:

Plastic garbage is gradually broken into plastic fragments in the marine environment. Due to long-term physical and chemical effects in the environment, such as weathering, solar radiation (photodegradation, embrittlement) or waves, these fragments will be cracked into plastic fragments or particles with a diameter less than 1cm or even lower. When the diameter is less than 5mm, it can be defined as marine microplastics.

From the genetic point of view, microplastics in marine environment can be divided into primary microplastics and secondary microplastics. Primary microplastics refers to small-sized plastic particles that are prepared into micron-sized particles at the beginning of industrial production, such as plastic beads added in industrial resin raw materials, toothpaste and cosmetics. Secondary microplastics refers to plastic particles which are cracked by large plastic fragments exposed to the environment (wind, waves, ultraviolet rays or from tire wear or clothing fibers). For example, discarded fishing lines can be cracked into ocean microplastics in the ocean. And microfibers from washing clothes.

Q: What are the hazards of those people who finally arrive in microplastics? And whether microplastics in water can be removed by the existing technology?

Liu Yonglong:At present, there is little research on microplastics’s harm to human body, probably because of ethical issues and so on, and the conclusion is not clear. However, I have seen information that it is harmful to people’s immune system, because plastics can absorb toxic substances such as POPS in water and release them into the human body, and plastics themselves will release some substances. It is possible to remove microplastics in the prior art, but the cost is hard to estimate. On the one hand, the ecological cost will remove microorganisms while removing microplastics; On the one hand, the economic cost is so great that no one can try it. Therefore, to solve the problem, it is still at the source of the problem or not far from the source.

Q: Petrochemical industry ~ microplastics ~ Plasticizer, oil is the culprit?

Liu Yonglong:I quite agree with your perspective. My point is that our mineral products are so cheap that we can take out so much oil and coal to produce plastics, especially so many disposable plastics, and we can’t cherish the use of resources. If oil and coal are more expensive, we will choose to produce more durable things instead of cheap and short-lived products.

▍ Making and Discarding Garbage, China No.1

Q: Where does marine garbage come from? Which parties caused it?

Liu Yonglong:There is only one party, that is, people, and it is a specific person. However, who is this specific person? It can’t be traced unless she/he is caught throwing garbage at the seaside. We can reflect on ourselves. Am I one of them? Did I throw away the garbage somewhere?

Generally speaking, marine garbage has two sources: land source and sea source. According to experts’ estimation, 80% of the land resources and 20% of the sea resources are the 28 th rule again! 🙁

Another German scholar has studied that 15 great rivers have made great contributions and carried a lot of garbage into the sea. We have the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the Pearl River and Heilongjiang in China … There are also studies, and China is marine garbage NO.1 There are many people and strength, and making and discarding garbage is also a big brother: (

Q: What kind of garbage does Haiyuan refer to?

Liu Yonglong:A large number of fishing gear such as plastic buoys used in offshore aquaculture will be lost, and the offshore fishing industry will discard a large number of broken fishing nets. The shipping industry may directly discard the domestic garbage on board into the sea; Submarine cables may be damaged and abandoned; The construction and operation of drilling platform will produce domestic garbage and production garbage; Tsunamis, typhoons, etc. destroy coastal communities and produce a lot of various kinds of garbage …

Q: Apart from offshore operations, is there any dumping in the United States?

Liu Yonglong:The sources of marine garbage include offshore operations and dumping in the United States. However, 80% of marine garbage comes from land and is mainly carried by rivers. It is said that among the 8 million tons of garbage entering the sea every year, China contributes NO.1, and the Yangtze River contributes NO.1 to 15 rivers. We are not happy when others talk about China, so we talk about the United States in a confrontational way. Will it help solve the problem? It’s not Chinese or Americans who spoil the earth and self-destruct the foundation of existence, it’s people! On environmental issues, we must jump out of national boundaries, see the common destiny and reflect on ourselves.

Q: How much of the marine garbage can be recycled?

Liu Yonglong:How many? The answer should be a number. However, how did you get this figure? We can’t give a figure for the total amount of garbage in the ocean, so we can’t answer this question accurately. The recycling of marine garbage is more difficult. The collection, classification, transportation and cleaning … all need financial support. Can the final income make up for this cost? My judgment is impossible. According to recycling experts, 97% of garbage can be recycled, and this figure can be used for reference on the premise that there are no technical and economic obstacles.

Q: The garbage in the express delivery industry is amazing. There is a lot of plastic garbage attached to it. What can be done to change it?

Liu Yonglong:My personal way to change is to basically not purchase online and try to purchase in a physical store.

Some people are trying to optimize the technology and equipment of express delivery and reduce the use of plastic and plastic belts. Technical problems, technical cows are trying to solve them.

▍ Reduce garbage manufacturing from the source.

Q: How to treat marine garbage? What should I do after collecting and picking up? I think it is not only marine garbage, but also how to deal with domestic garbage at ordinary times. This year, I saw garbage sorting buckets and publicity in the community, but I don’t know how the effect is. My old mobile phones and computers are kept at home, and I don’t know what to do with them.

Liu Yonglong:When we talk about marine garbage treatment, we mean that the whole society should participate in dealing with the problem of marine garbage together and establish a system for marine garbage treatment. This governance is not the same as the governance of the Yellow River we talked about before. For the treatment of marine garbage, we have put forward a framework diagram of the treatment system. Please refer to the upcoming Monitoring and Research Report on Some Typical Beach Garbage in China (2017).

After collecting and picking up, we will ask the sanitation to transport it away, so that the garbage can return to the conventional disposal channels. We are also trying to hand over the recyclable garbage such as plastic bottles and cans to the waste recycling station for recycling.

As for the classification of community garbage, we can take part in it, so as to follow up and experience it. Only by participating in social change can we promote social change. Just watching and waiting for social change, I am afraid we have no sense of accomplishment.

Q: What is the general scope of marine garbage treatment? Who will be responsible for the scope beyond the sea and beyond?

Liu Yonglong:At present, there is no person in charge of marine garbage in the offshore, only some commercial beaches, and there will be businesses that operate bathing places, hotels and docks to clean them up. Far away, especially on the high seas, there is no government or commercial organization responsible. However, there is a Dutch foundation called cleanupocean, which is determined to clean up half of the garbage in the Pacific Ocean. Personally, I am not very optimistic, but I have not fully understood how they are going to achieve it. I will share it after I study it:)

Q: At present, are there any substantive clean-up measures for marine pollution by the relevant organizations of marine protection in the world?

Liu Yonglong:Yes! On the third Saturday of September every year, it is International Beach Cleanup Day (ICC). ICC coordinators from nearly 150 countries and regions around the world organize local ICC activities to carry out clean-up activities on beaches, sea surfaces and seabed to substantially clean up marine debris. My institution, Shanghai Rendu Ocean Public Welfare Development Center, is the ICC coordinator in Chinese mainland. Since 2015, every year, ICC Day and Ocean Day (June 8) will organize nationwide joint actions to clean up beaches.

Finally, I want to say that marine garbage can’t be solved by cleaning up. We believe that we must reduce the production of garbage by controlling consumption.

Q: Is there any special fund for treating marine garbage?

Liu Yonglong:The responsibility to control marine garbage is broken down in many departments and supported by some funds, but as a non-governmental organization, we can’t get special funds from the government finance, which is the case at present.

Q: What specific laws and policies are there to regulate the treatment of marine plastic waste in China? Should specific and clear plastic management regulations be issued to deal with plastic waste pollution? If so, what is the focus of the regulations?

Liu Yonglong:There is no law to deal with the problem of marine plastic waste treatment directly. Plastic waste pollution, as a problem, has not been specified and has not become the goal of law. Corresponding laws should be promulgated. Personally, I would expect the law to focus on controlling the use of plastics, increasing the cost of plastic use, and reducing the use of plastics to a reasonable position through market mechanisms to avoid unnecessary use of plastics.

Q: As an ordinary person, is there any practical way to help reduce marine garbage?

Liu Yonglong:Yes! First of all, make sure that all your garbage is thrown into the trash can, and it will not become out of control and will not fall on the streets, fields and beaches; Secondly, when you see out-of-control garbage, you might as well pick it up and throw it into the trash can; Once again, when you see someone throwing away garbage or leaving it behind, remind them to pick it up and throw it into the trash can; Further, control consumption and reduce the production of garbage.

Tel: Manager Gao 15022084111 (same as WeChat)

There are two exhaust pipes on both sides of the rebel 1500 pickup truck, which are full of domineering, allowing the sound of the 5.7 V8 engine to be output at will. Having a rebel and buying an RV to drag you around can let you take your family to find poetry and the distance. It is not so much a miniature version of Tyrannosaurus Dodge as a brother of Tyrannosaurus Rex, because many designs of Tyrannosaurus Rex originated from rebels.

　　Basic configuration: 3.92 rear axle ratio 7-inch Rebel theme color driving computer central control 5: 00 touch screen (UConnect 3) 115 V power interface LED fog light LED headlights with black border LED taillight glove box light black badge black tailgate badge Rebel badge black bottom two-color paint/fender black powder coating front and rear bumpers black grille black exterior rearview mirror: heating, Electric folding electronic time-sharing shift transfer box rear differential lock Bilstein? performance shock absorption sports performance hood full-length floor center console front collision warning with active braking steep slope descent cross-country rubber mat leather bucket seat electric main driver 8-way, with 2-way lumbar support electric sliding rear window skid plate (transfer box, steering system, front suspension, fuel tank) leather door trim plate towing hook 18-inch black aluminum wheel, 275/70 R18 four-season tire.

　　First-class package configuration: front heating seat heating steering wheel electric adjustable pedal Rear ceiling lamp Rear window defroster with lighting cosmetic mirror Sun visor 8.4-inch touch screen supports Apple Carplay universal garage to open night bag configuration: ?18×8-inch bright black wheel hub black front bumper black air intake grille Tel: Manager Gao 15022084111 (same as WeChat)

　　If T-Rex Dodge Ram is responsible for the sales of its series, it must make a great contribution to its predecessor Ram Rebel! Because many design concepts of Tyrannosaurus Rex are based on the essence of rebels.

　　Many card friends are unfamiliar with rebels. In fact, it is not a new model. It was introduced in China as early as 2017. Later, we stopped introducing it for various reasons. At present, the new model has arrived in the store. The rebel’s appearance is very domineering, and the huge logo shows its powerful performance. The steel front sand guard and 18-inch off-road wheels below with the original off-road tires remind us that it is born for off-road.

　　The design of the interior is very family-oriented, and the layout of various function buttons is exactly the same as that of the same brand’s horn and sports version. The electronic knob handle and the 12-storage vertical screen navigation screen are very scientific and technological.

　　Our advantage: vehicles can enjoy national warranty, warranty, replacement and return. We have many years of successful experience in customer service and provide you with the best solution that suits you. Every car we provide for you has undergone strict PDI inspection, and there is a quality guarantee that can reassure you after sale. We provide you with original and pure accessories and efficient and high-quality maintenance services. The most advanced technology and equipment, all-round quality service and high-quality staff. All models sold in our shop are regular brand-new commercial vehicles. You can enjoy the national three guarantees policy. And can be maintained in a regular 4S shop authorized by any manufacturer in the country and after maintenance. On the day of car purchase, the company can issue all vehicle procedures (customs clearance). Commodity inspection Invoice. Certificate of approval. Certificate of conformity. Vehicle information table. Vehicle instruction manual. Three packs of classes. Maintenance cards, etc.) to ensure that all foreign customers can settle down locally.

　　Company name: Tianjin Xiangruitong Automobile Sales & Service Co., Ltd. (Binhai Branch)

　　Company Address: Tianjin Binhai New Area Bonded Zone International Automobile City

　　Tel: Manager Gao 15022084111 (same as WeChat)

　　Disclaimer: The above car purchase preferential information is provided by the comprehensive dealers of this website, and the price fluctuates greatly due to market factors, which is only for car purchase reference; The distributor is responsible for its authenticity, accuracy and legality, and this website does not provide any guarantee or assume any legal responsibility.

In the eyes of villagers in wujiang town, Anhui and County, Ye Lianping is a "freak".

A 90-year-old retired teacher receives 3,000 to 4,000 yuan a month. In order to save 80 cents, he often rides 7 kilometers to the town to buy vegetables, and also picks up vegetables discarded by vegetable vendors and takes them home. I don’t want to take a bus when I travel far away. I go to Nanjing, Wuhu and Yangzhou by bike, and I have been to Guannan as far as 300 kilometers.

People who live in an old bungalow 30 years ago and wear rags 60 years ago are so frugal that ordinary people can’t understand it. After retirement, they are obliged to help students with English for 19 years, without receiving a penny, but they always spend hundreds, thousands and tens of thousands of dollars on students.

Ten years ago, Wang Xiaosi, director of the party member Audio-visual Education Center of the Organization Department of the County Party Committee, was puzzled when filming Ye Lianping’s documentary. What was supporting him to do so? After three years of filming, he seems to have found the answer, but it seems that he hasn’t. Afterwards, he has been thinking about this problem.

In the face of incomprehension, Ye Lianping explained a lot of reasons on various occasions, and finally there was only an understatement: "My situation is different from that of others, and my life can be written as a book."

On May 5th, Ye Lianping was in an English class. Zhang Dao Kuan tu

A painting of the blind.

One evening in June, 1984, it was a little dark. At the age of 15, Chang Jiuming was working in the cotton field with his parents, and he saw Teacher Ye stumbling over from afar. His parents told him to hide quickly so as not to be seen by Teacher Yuzryha.

That afternoon, he told Mr. Ye not to study, and then went home early. His home is five kilometers away from the school, and the road is difficult to walk. He has to cross the river and climb the mountain. The river is on the edge of the Yangtze River, which is in the flood season. He didn’t expect teacher Ye to come.

Teacher Ye came to persuade him. He got good grades and wanted to study very much, but his family was so poor that his three sisters didn’t study. His parents had already found him a good master to learn tailoring. "Our whole family respects Mr. Ye very much, and when the teacher says that we can’t stand it," Chang Jiuming hid in the dark before he dared to go home.

There were many people who didn’t study at that time, and the teenagers couldn’t understand why the teacher came so far to persuade. After he stepped into the society and walked through many bumps, he realized, "That’s an old man’s reluctance."

Thirty-four years have passed, and Chang Jiuming still deeply remembers the picture of Teacher Ye stumbling that evening. "Every time I think about this, I have to cry." He cried when he recalled, and it took him a few minutes to calm down.

Buchen Middle School took a group photo with the graduating class of junior three in 1984. Ye Lianping was in the second row and the sixth from the right. In addition to the signature, the pictures in this article are all pictures of reporter Zhang Xiaolian.

Chang Jiuming didn’t know that many years ago, a similar scene happened to Teacher Ye.

In 1928, Ye Lianping was born in Qingdao, Shandong Province, with two half-sisters above and two siblings below. He was the only child in the family and was pampered since childhood. My father works as a cook for foreigners. He often brings some tea and fruit back from work very late and stuffs them into his sleeping bed.

My father is from Cangzhou, Hebei Province. When he was young, he studied with his third brother. He didn’t bounce his legs straight, got a slap and ran to Tianjin in anger. Because there is no culture, you can only give people pages and work as coolies. My father told a true story: Man Mou, a Weifang native, was working for foreigners in Qingdao. His employer relied on him to steal his wife’s jewelry, wrote a complaint and told him to send it to the police station himself. Man Mou was illiterate and was locked up on the spot.

My father has been illiterate for more than three generations, and he has suffered a lot. Although he has problems with food and clothing, he still tries his best to make him study.

When Ye Lianping was 8 years old, his family moved to Tianjin and went to a private school. Japanese teachers taught Japanese in primary schools. At the age of 12, his mother died of illness. He followed his father and stepmother to Shanghai and entered Guangxia Middle School to study English.

Ye Lianping was a child.

Ye Lianping took a group photo with his parents, sister and brother (who died in his early years) and it has been well preserved so far.

He doesn’t know anything about English, and he doesn’t understand Shanghai dialect. As a short man sitting in the front row, he always hears jeers coming from behind. Several tall girls stop him and call him "thirteen o’clock" in Shanghai dialect.

He couldn’t bear it anymore and told his father not to study. Father was so angry that he punched him hard in the chest. My father hit him once in his life. After the fight, I was distressed. I bought him a plaster and persuaded him softly.

Ye Lianping studied hard from then on. He has a good memory and learns things quickly. Li Bai’s Preface to the Peach and Plum Garden at the Spring Banquet can be memorized in ten minutes. I graduated from junior high school and got the first place in my class. The second one later became a professor of mathematics in Tsinghua University.

With the outbreak of the Pacific War, American employers left one after another, so my father lost his job, started to set up stalls to repair bicycles, and also trafficked rice to the suburbs by bike. He was always on tenterhooks when passing Japanese checkpoints. Once the devil stabbed the sack with a bayonet, and the rice was scattered all over the floor, so he dared not collect it.

In such difficult times, my father still insisted on providing him with education. When senior high school entered Nansu Middle School, Lin Zhichun, the head teacher, knew that he was in a difficult situation and gave him help in many ways. But after a semester, life has reached a desperate situation.

Teacher Lin heard that he was going to drop out of school and repeatedly advised him to cheer him up, but there was no way. "How can I read when I am hungry?" Teacher Lin couldn’t bear to part with it. She drew a watercolor painting and handed it to him at parting. Her eyes were full of tears.

The picture shows a blind man, leaning on a stick in one hand and playing a musical instrument in the other, exploring the way forward. This painting was burned during the Cultural Revolution.

An undressed hat

On the morning of May 5, 2018, Ye Lianping looked around in the rain, waiting for the last girl who was late. He was worried about the rain, and some children couldn’t come. I didn’t expect all 48 people to arrive.

It has been Ye Lianping’s practice for more than ten years to take students to Nanjing and Hefei and visit science and technology museums, museums and martyrs’ cemeteries, once a year in spring and autumn. Anhui Science and Technology Museum was impressed by Mr. Ye’s behavior, and began to subsidize it three years ago. In order to cover all the expenses, Ye Lianping refused and insisted on paying the fare. He paid half a month’s salary for this two-day trip to Hefei.

In the drizzle, the bus was running on the highway, and the car rang with neat songs: "XYZ,Now you see,I can say my ABC." Ye Lianping stood in the aisle and led the singer, waving his hands, with a loud voice and full of enthusiasm, just like every class he had, as if he would never get tired.

On the way to Hefei on May 5, Ye Lianping was busy in the car, giving items to the children. Zhang Dao Kuan tu

On May 5, students started to make remote-controlled cars in Anhui Science and Technology Museum to participate in the competition, and Ye Lianping watched silently.

Last year, when I visited Nanjing Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery, I met three foreigners. The children ran to talk to them. The other party said in French, "I can’t speak English, we are the French." Ye Lianping studied a little French and Russian when he was young. However, he is best at English, and his communication is barrier-free. He once received Ian Holliday, vice president of the University of Hong Kong.

Letter of thanks from the School of Social Sciences of the University of Hong Kong to Ye Lianping.

When he dropped out of school at the age of 17, he won the Anti-Japanese War. The following year, I went to Nanjing with my father and worked in the American Embassy. At first, I didn’t know English, so I had to be a handyman.

David Berger, my father’s boss, is the first secretary and can speak Chinese. Once he called Ye Lianping and deliberately said in English: "George! A hammer，please？” Ye Lianping looked puzzled. Thanks to his good memory, he wrote this sentence down intact, ran downstairs to find Uncle Li who answered the phone and repeated it. Uncle Li told him that "hammer" was a hammer, and he quickly sent it with a hammer. Baige touched his head and praised, "Good! Good！”

From the opening to the closing of the embassy, Ye Lianping lived among foreigners for three years and six months, dealing with foreigners all day long and "practicing his mouth".

The handyman can receive anyone. Ye Lianping knew Si Tuleideng and Butterworth, met Song Ziwen, Sun Ke, Bai Chongxi, Chen Cheng and Weng Tongshu, and shook hands with Song Meiling.

During my work in the embassy, foreigners took photos of Ye Lianping.

"It was because of the embassy that I suffered a big loss." As soon as the old man talked, his eyes were wet, and two lines of muddy tears overflowed and slowly flowed down the wrinkles along the ravine. "Please forgive me. Every time I think about this, I can’t control my feelings. " He took out an old handkerchief from his pocket and wiped his eyes. "I almost gave up my life."

In the early days of liberation, many working people were illiterate. After leaving the embassy, Ye Lianping was temporarily unemployed and bored, so he joined hands with several residents and colleagues to start a literacy night school. The allowance is limited, but nobody cares.

Ye Lianping took a group photo with four female students at Nanjing Literacy Night School.

In the winter of 1955, Ye Lianping was the general manager of the mass night school in Nanjing Langya Road Primary School. One day, the household registration police suddenly came to the school and took Ye Lianping away. After more than 9 months of isolation and examination, nothing was found. He was put under control for another year, supervised by the masses, and the police often came to ask him to write information. After two and a half years of examination, I didn’t wear my hat. But in the next twenty years, I could never get rid of the suspicion of "spy".

"At that time, I was afraid to wear it. Now that I think about it, I still want to wear it. Anyway, I have been tortured. If I put on my hat and pay my salary later, I will earn it! " Ye Lianping spends $102 a month at the embassy. He could have gone to get a pension, but he was afraid to take it.

In 1960, the household registration police came to the door again, asked him to sign a volunteer letter and forced him to leave Nanjing. He was sent to his hometown Cangxian and lived in the house of three uncles. The cadres of the brigade discussed that there was a "bad boy" in the south.

It was a natural disaster for three years, and Ye Lianping couldn’t do farm work, making it worse. At first, I have some luggage, so I can take the train to Shandong to change some dried sweet potatoes and let the whole family stay for two more days. After several trips, even the shoes and towels were replaced. I’m so hungry that I eat all kinds of wild vegetables, bark and raw toads, and I have diarrhea after eating them.

When Ye Lianping was released in 1960, his brother-in-law gave him a cotton vest, which is still worn today. Sweat stains on clothes are memories of hard work.

In this way, I spent an extremely difficult three years. By 1963, my legs were swollen to my knees, and I couldn’t take off my socks. I finally gritted my teeth and returned to Nanjing.

Ye Lianping took the migration permit to settle down, but the police station refused to accept it. Without hukou, there is no salary, no food stamps, and you still don’t have enough to eat. In 1965, introduced by my colleague and lover, Director Zhang, I had to come to Shibu River.

saving his life

Shibu River, not far from Nanjing, is located in wujiang town, Anhui County, which belonged to Buchen Commune. Ye Lianping suffered the heaviest political repression and gained the most goodwill here.

Started boarding at the factory director Zhang’s house. Director Zhang’s nephew, Zhang Guangyuan, was in high school in Hexian County. He went home at the weekend and said, "Hey, why did a foreigner come to our family?" Because Ye Lianping is tall and long, with a long nose and face, and speaks Mandarin.

When the chicken was slaughtered at home, Zhang Guangyuan called him to eat it. He said that he "never ate meat, eggs or fish in his life" and was only a vegetarian. There are many leeks at home, and he likes leeks best. This state lasted for several months.

The villagers feel that "this person is a bit strange", and they don’t speak up and talk less. No matter what the score is, he does everything. "He never cares whether he remembers the score or not, and how much the score is."

First, I went to work in the kiln, burning, moving and pulling bricks, and barely worked for a year. When the director saw that he couldn’t do it, he made him a cook, carrying thirty loads of water a day, and he was very tired.

During this period, the cadres of the brigade were offended. The brigade department brought a few eels and asked him to burn them for the cadres to drink. Ye Lianping didn’t dare to touch this living creature that resembled a poisonous snake. A cadre made two horizontal remarks, which made him lose control: "I cook for the staff, not serve the cadres!"

This cadre later posted Zhang Ye Lianping’s posters. The commune informed the brigade to transfer Ye within three days, and the secretary of the brigade advised him to avoid it temporarily, and he could come back when the limelight passed. Ren Shuji squatted on the bench and said, "You are a good man!"

In 2012, Ye Lianping was named "China Good Man". He gave a speech in Hefei and talked for 45 minutes. After the lecture, a retired cadre came up and took his hand and asked, "How did you become a good person in China?" I stopped him at once, and he was "so stiff that he was almost humiliating". More than 600 people in the audience had not dispersed. When he was in a dilemma, a sentence suddenly floated out of his mind: "Because I live among good people."

The kiln colleagues gave him sweet potatoes, and the villagers took him in. He couldn’t do heavy work, so the brigade arranged for him to go to the production team. He is not good at farm work, so the production team takes care of him and lets him plant trees and raise pigs to keep score.

Ye Lianping returned to Shibu River again and was accepted at home by Zhao Xingzhu. The cadre of the brigade threatened him to drive Ye Lianping away. Zhao Bingzhi was upright and outspoken, patting his chest and saying, "I am a poor peasant in Zhao’s family for three generations. If Lao Ye breaks the law, I will take the blame!" Just protect him.

One morning, Ye Lianping was drying the harvested rape in front of the door, and the captain informed the morning meeting. On the way to the commune, the militia battalion commander Chen Chaoyu called him out of the queue and told him, "No matter what it says, don’t be silent."

At that meeting, ten people were criticized, such as fortune tellers, beggars, duck feather changers and so on. A man refused to bow his head and was thrown to the wall by the militia. It’s Ye Lianping’s turn. Angry complaints filled the whole process, and he never said a word.

"I’m so angry when I get home!" As soon as I entered the house, I burst into tears. He shrank in his room, and the more he thought about it, the more uncomfortable he became, and he died. Just then, Li Yincai across the hall pushed the door and came in, persuaded him for a long time, and helped him collect and beat rapeseed.

In 1970, in the early winter, Ye Lianping was taken to the headquarters of "Wen Attack Wu Wei" in Liyang Town, where three religions and nine streams were mixed together and closed for more than seven months. Commanders beat people when they are drunk, and girls often cry at night. Ye Lianping was slapped twice in the foul smell of alcohol.

Liu Youliang, a team member who once took him in, told his lover Zhao Guizhen to fry a bag of cooked wheat noodles and send it to the headquarters. Ye Lianping was amazed when she saw her, and almost burst into tears when she saw the bag of fried noodles again.

In that environment, no one dares to get close to him for fear of avoiding him. His wife left him and his relatives alienated him. Liu Youliang and his wife are not related to him, but they braved the heat and traveled five or six miles to send him a small bag of fried noodles.

"If it weren’t for these good people, I would have died long ago." Ye Lianping read one name after another in his mouth and said emotionally, "These people are all things I will never forget, never forget."

After bringing order out of chaos, he had two opportunities to return to Nanjing to settle down and never returned. When he became a teacher, the two directors of the Education Bureau asked him to be transferred to the county, but he also declined.

"I came here at the most difficult time. This place saved my life. The elders here need me and I can’t leave."

This old man, who was displaced and suffered a lot in the first half of his life, decided to take root in a foreign land, take out everything he had and watch the children running on this land.

"Doing nothing"

Ye Lianping has been teaching for forty years, and students are everywhere, and you can meet them everywhere.

On the morning of May 11th, he crossed the river by boat to the train station to see the shift. The only grandson of the third uncle got married in a few days. He went back to Cangzhou for a wedding banquet and refused to buy a berth ticket for more than ten hours.

When I went, a van master called him, a former student, and told him to get on the bus. He didn’t get on, probably not wanting to delay others’ time. When he came back, a student sold fish at the dock, helped him get on the boat, got off the boat, carried it down again, and gave him two fish.

The villagers near Buchen School have other students in almost every household. Retired teacher Lao Han’s son, daughter and son-in-law have all been taught by him, and his grandchildren have also made up lessons there, producing four college students. Lao Han said: "He has trained two generations in my family."

Many years ago, students made up lessons in Ye Lianping’s yard.

Ye Lianping clearly remembers the day when he stood on the podium again, November 24, 1978. Twenty-three years have passed since he was removed from night school in 1955.

These twenty-three years are the golden age of his prime. "What can I say? I’ll never come back … I’ve worked hard and I can’t make it up."

In 1978, Zhang Guangyuan was admitted to the university. At that time, he was the head teacher of Buchen Middle School’s third-year graduating class. When he left, no one took Chinese classes. He said to the school leaders, "You should emancipate your minds. I will recommend someone to you, Ye Lianping."

"People think I am the best teacher here, but in fact he can be my teacher." Zhang Guangyuan said.

Ye Lianping has been a swineherd for nearly ten years and is responsible for more than 30 pigsty of the whole team. At that time, adults, including old men and women, attended work to earn work points, leaving only dolls at home. He wandered around the team area all day, taking care of the young children. The child who is studying often comes to ask homework after school, so he is probably familiar with textbooks.

When the brigade cadres came to the pigsty to call him that day, he was hooking pig excrement, wearing rubber boots and holding a rake. He jumped out of the pigsty without any mental preparation, so he rushed to the brigade office armed and smelly. The director of Buchen Middle School sat behind the desk to test his textbook, and then made a decision to let him come to school the next day.

From a swineherd to a teacher overnight, Ye Lianping never dreamed. The commune sent people to Nanjing with the headmaster to check his files, and the conclusion he brought back was only three words: OK.

He took over Class A, Grade Three, with 48 students. Before that, he left classes for more than a month, and the composition books to be revised piled up into hills, with tight time and heavy tasks. Students live in scattered places, so it is difficult to ensure safety if they stay in school and work night shifts. So he divided the whole class into five groups, gathered students from neighboring villages together, found a suitable family to attend classes, and went to five groups in the countryside every week. Parents are very supportive, lighting two lamps. After a few months, the effect is quite good, and 11 students were admitted to the senior high school entrance examination, 9 more than Class B.

In the next session, Ye Lianping started from the first year of junior high school. Besides teaching Chinese, he engaged in many extracurricular activities. In some people’s words, he began to "do nothing".

He organized students to work part-time, took them all over the mountains to collect herbs, beat trees and fruits, and dragged them to the town to sell them on a scooter. He also asked students to raise rabbits, raise them and sell them, and also sold scrap metal. The money sold is used as class fees to buy books, stationery and sports equipment.

"How can you buy so many books when you don’t have much money to sell medicinal materials? There are not as many books in the whole school as in our class. " Chang Jiuming knows that Teacher Ye posted money.

He organized students to clean the toilet, picking up feces, which was dirty and tired. He took the lead and worked for three years. We also took students to clean the bridge, visit nursing homes, and visit military barracks.

Wang Xiaosi also worked as a teacher, but Ye Lianping did many things that he never thought of. "I think he is very close to the true meaning of education."

At that time, Ye Lianping disapproved of taking classes according to the textbook, and created his own "four-step teaching method", which was demonstrated and popularized in and outside the province. In the eyes of the students, Mr. Ye’s class is lively and interesting, like telling stories, and he is completely independent of textbooks.

The students said that Mr. Ye visited each student’s home at least once a year, no matter how far he went, running around the village with lanterns, and once he fell all over in mud. After understanding the situation, I especially take care of those students who have family difficulties and live far away, send money, send books and clothes, and invite them to eat and live in their own homes. When the students are admitted to the university, he personally sends them to report. Parents send two eggs, but he doesn’t want either.

Chang Jiuming’s classmates have to cross the river to go to school, and the river is 20 meters wide. Once it rained heavily and the water was rushing, they found a rope tied to their waist and crossed the river in a small basin. Teacher Ye was very moved when she saw them coming. She hugged them and said, "Children, you have worked hard." There are many similar little things, which makes Chang Jiuming feel that "he is different from any other teacher".

Integrity, benevolence and righteousness

In 1985, Ye Lianping was named "Excellent Teacher in the Province". Subsequently, he became a regular teacher from private schools, and Sheng Jinping, a member of wujiang town Party Committee, mobilized him to join the Party.

In 1985, Ye Lianping was named "Excellent Teacher in the Province".

During his three and a half years working in the embassy, he dealt with Americans all day, and he didn’t care about or understand politics. His life was almost smooth, except for He Fulin, an underground member of the Chinese Communist Party.

He Fulin moved from Shanghai Consulate General to Nanjing and became a colleague with Ye Lianping. In the winter of 1948, He’s identity was exposed and the Kuomintang surrounded the embassy. He finished the night shift that day and went to see Ye Lianping.

Ye Lianping recalled that at that time, he lived in the backyard of the embassy. He suddenly flashed in and said that he would spend the night, and his clothes were thin. He was not suspicious. He quickly added coal to make a fire and fried him a bowl of fried rice with eggs, but when he only ate eggs and could not swallow rice, he knew that he had something on his mind. Why did green gang bother him? Ye intentionally accompanied him home. Why refused? He said that he had sent his nephew He Gengfang to deliver letters to his wife in his coat and fur hat. They slept on their feet. Why did they toss and turn? Before dawn, they got up to go, hesitated for a moment and asked, "Xiaoye, do you have money?" Ye Lianping opened the box and gave him a stack of golden coupons, about twenty, each of which cost 20 thousand yuan. He put it in his pocket and walked out without counting. Ye Lianping pulled out a robe and told him to put on the cold, but the man had disappeared.

After He Fulin got away, his wife and children were monitored, and there were spies guarding the door all day long. When his wife returned to Shanghai, Ye Lianping personally escorted the mother and son to the railway station, followed by spies.

After liberation, He Fulin wrote to invite Ye Lianping to come to Shanghai. Ye Lianping went to his home (north of avenue joffre), where his wife knelt down with her two sons and thanked him for saving his life.

"Actually, I didn’t mean to save him. I didn’t know he was an underground party. It was accidental." Ye Lianping didn’t go to see him when he was in trouble.

After graduation, Zhang Guangyuan was transferred back to his hometown to work, and retired from the post of deputy mayor. Now he is the director of the town’s work committee, and he has been in contact with Ye Lianping, sometimes stunned by his words and deeds. In his view, Ye Lianping is a person with clear love and hate.

In the summer of 2012, Zhu Hongqing passed away. After Ye Lianping was expelled from the commune, he once lived in his house. Zhang Guangyuan, considering that Ye Lianping was old and the weather was hot and the road was far away, did not tell him and went to attend the funeral alone. After coming back, Ye Lianping got angry with him, and then rode to Yangzhou with two biscuits and a bottle of water, nearly 200 kilometers away. When I arrived at Zhujiajian, as soon as the car was released, I went straight to the graveyard to pay my respects without saying a word. I hurried back before dawn the next day, because I had to go to class, and the Zhujiajian couldn’t keep him.

At another funeral, Ye Lianping’s attitude was completely different.

The former village secretary, a student of Ye Lianping, was removed from his post and expelled from the Party for corruption and demolition funds. After his father died half a year later, Ye Lianping bought a wreath to attend the funeral, called him to the front and reprimanded him in public. The general idea was: How could you make such a mistake? You work hard, your father died, and there is still some glory. Just because you are a black sheep, you are greedy for a few money, and your father will die unsatisfied. A word, scold him in distress situation.

Ye Lianping thinks that he is also responsible for students’ misconduct, "indicating that education is not in place". Several cases of educational failure have made him more convinced that it is not a day’s work for teachers to cultivate people by virtue. "A teacher is worse if his words and deeds are inconsistent."

Yan Zheng, the second son of the old headmaster, was the first graduate of Ye Lianping and later became a private teacher. One day, I accidentally bumped into President Yan Zheng, who was punished for playing mahjong. Ye Lianping mediated from it, and it took a lot of effort. He couldn’t help but fire: "You are not qualified to educate him. You don’t want your children to play mahjong. Can you play it yourself?" The old headmaster fell silent.

Ye Lianping scolded the leaders of the Education Bureau because the counseling book he ordered was wrong. I offended the school director because I corrected a typo. His character is honest and frank, and he tends to treat things rather than people.

One noon in 1991, two teachers’ families were selling vegetables in the backyard of the school, and they had an argument and fought. The scene was ugly. Ye Lianping rushed over to pull them apart, and then ran to the then principal to solve it, but no one was seen everywhere. When he found it, he was eating and drinking at a teacher’s house. Ye Lianping got angry when he entered the door: "It’s all falling out outside, and you’re still drinking here!"

Ye Lianping had been overworked for two years at that time, and retired as soon as that semester was over.

a glutton for work

Ye Lianping held textbooks, reference books, and two erasers saved, and handed them over to the guidance office, so he couldn’t get out. "I cried on my desk." Many teachers don’t understand. What’s there to cry about after retirement?

He is also in such a sad mood when he dropped out of high school and left school. Teacher Lin, the head teacher, was very sad and sent a picture to say goodbye, which triggered his attachment to the teacher. After liberation, he saw that many bottom-level workers could not read, and their children could not read books, so he naturally devoted himself to literacy and opened nurseries. Later, he really engaged in education, realized the special responsibility of teachers to educate people, and decided to devote the rest of his life to it.

Ye Lianping is a restless person. During the period of being controlled in Nanjing, there was no occupation and no income. It is boring and painful to "eat all day long and have no intention", so he finds something for himself, cleans the streets every day, writes blackboard newspapers and makes up lessons for students. He still keeps the habit of writing blackboard newspaper.

Regardless of writing, speaking or writing a blackboard newspaper, Ye Lianping never made a draft, and he did it in one go, without any revision.

Ye Lianping watches the news every day so as to update the current events on the blackboard in the village.

After 28 years of retirement, he has not rested for almost a day. Every brigade primary school teacher asks for leave, and they all ask him to take his place, ranging from a few days to three years. If there is any need, just shout and go.

The substitute money is 300 yuan a month, and it is all returned to the school. He bought six accordions for five primary schools, installed electric lights for Songqiao Primary School, planted 100 Metasequoia trees for Longwang Primary School, and planted 220 poplar trees for Huangba Primary School.

After retirement, Ye Lianping took a class of students to Laoqiao Middle School, 30 kilometers away from Buchen, and took them to sweep the toilet for three years. This year’s students still remember him. They took him to Laoqiao for his birthday this Spring Festival, and gathered 28 students from all over the world.

Ye Lianping was very anxious to see that the poor English teaching conditions in rural schools affected her further studies. He was suspected to be a spy of the United States and Chiang Kai-shek before, and he never dared to speak English. At this time, he decided to "take it out and turn waste into treasure."

In 2000, he set up an English class in his home (later renamed as "staying in Children’s Home") and volunteered to tutor primary and junior high school students. He paid for all the books and utensils he needed. That 30-square-meter old house is packed with desks and children as soon as school is over every day.

These children come from neighboring villages, most of their parents are not at home, and their grandparents have no education and can’t help their homework. Six years ago, the town government paid money to turn his school warehouse across the hall into two classrooms, one for him to take classes and the other as a library, where students can do homework, read books, play chess and play ball.

Stay in the library in Children’s Home

Children’s Home, founded by Ye Lianping, has been promoted throughout the county.

Last year, in the senior high school entrance examination, Buchen School was admitted to 8 key high schools, and 5 of them made up lessons here. "Why do children have this enthusiasm? I don’t admit it because I don’t charge, and the key is effective. "

Some people called him 250, saying that he was putting on a show, while others hated him and cut off people’s money. "We have a primary school teacher here, who is my student. When he says it, he hits my own mouth. He makes up math for the children and charges 800 yuan a month."

Ye Lianping doesn’t care much about the criticism from the outside world. The prizes he has won are all filled with windows. For him, these awards are "disrespectful and shameful"; Only represents the past, not the future; Not a halo, but a burden.

"If I am a little wrong or even wrong in my manners, then this responsibility is not all mine, and the country will suffer. What will people say? As far as you are concerned, you are still a good person in China. "

This time, taking students to Hefei, Ye Lianping didn’t sleep well for two days. When the children got home safely, their hearts could be put down. "Although it is a good thing, if there is an accident, the reputation will be bad."

His wife didn’t understand him, and when he came back, he complained to him. He couldn’t bear to eat or wear, and he couldn’t bear to sit in a car with a dollar. He spent one or two thousand when he went to Hefei. The coal stove at home leaked and the seal was not tight. My wife went to buy a new one, and it was less than 20 yuan. Ye Lianping simply told her to return it. His principle is that the money that should be spent should never be stingy, and the money that should not be spent will not be spent at all.

Others say that a well-off life is a "well-off life". He feels that he is already well-off, has no worries about food and clothing, can go to the toilet at home, and has a toilet (note: a few years ago, the government helped him renovate and install a toilet). "I am very satisfied that I can survive climbing."

Ye Lianping’s wife is cooking. There is not a decent piece of furniture at home.

Ye Lianping occasionally writes poems. He calls his humble room "Gu Xi Zhai".

"die without ceasing"

Recently, several "key figures" have been wandering in Ye Lianping’s mind, worrying about their grades, further studies and economic situation, including an orphan who has been in Grade Two.

He still insists on home visits. Except for the new arrivals, every child who attends classes here has an account of his family situation, hobbies and shortcomings.

"Some people wonder that the old man is still riding a bike all over the sky, so I won’t fly, and the child will be given to you. If you can’t do it, how can you explain it?"

Five years ago, Ye Lianping was hit by a battery car on the way to his home visit. Since then, he has often fallen, becoming more and more serious. Once he fell to the ground in the middle of the night and was in a coma. President Ju sent him to Nanjing Hospital and found out that it was cerebral hemorrhage plus meningitis.

At first, the doctor said that he was too old to do anything. President Ju asked the doctor, saying that he was a good man in China, and now he is still giving free classes for the children, so the doctor is willing to have an operation. However, the risk is very high, and the success rate is only 5%. "It may not be possible to get off the operating table."

Maybe it’s a blessing. The operation was a success. I was supposed to be hospitalized for a month, but on the fourth day Ye Lianping was in a hurry to leave the hospital. The doctor couldn’t resist him, but he printed a certificate of voluntary early discharge for him to sign before he was willing to let him go.

At that time, my head was covered with gauze, and the thread had not been removed, so I couldn’t walk at all. He called President Ju first and asked if he could pick him up. President Ju advised him to have a good rest. He also called a student in Nanjing, a retired district-level cadre, and two cars arrived. The couple carried him on a stretcher and sent him home.

A week later, I went to Nanjing to have my stitches removed. The doctor said, "You old man, we have never seen you. You ran home in four days for such a big operation. What can you do when you go home?"

Not only is she distressed by the hospitalization expenses, but Ye Lianping also wants to go back to stay in Children’s Home early. Although she can’t attend classes, students come to borrow and return books every day. He sits there every day, borrowing books and writing memoirs.

I didn’t have time to write before. I had classes for two days on weekends, changed my homework on Monday and Tuesday, printed handouts and took calligraphy classes on Wednesday, prepared lessons and made home visits on Thursday and Friday, and was busy all day.

Lao Han advised him not to be so tired anymore, and his body couldn’t stand it. He said, "Lao Han, just because I can’t, I don’t have time if I don’t do it again."

Having classes for two days every weekend, Ye Lianping spends 1-2 days correcting more than 80 assignments.

Ye Lianping was advised not to teach calligraphy for fear that he would be tired. Ye Lianping said: "I can’t hold back! How many of our teachers can’t pick up their brushes now? "

At that time, Wang Xiaosi asked him why he didn’t enjoy his retirement. He was all smiles: "I am already enjoying my happiness, and I am very happy. This kind of work is much better than rest! " Being with children all the time often makes him forget that he is an octogenarian.

For him, only by doing something can he be happy. He has a 16-character mind: life is endless and fighting is endless; Do your best and die. "I live one day, I jump one day, and I leave."

He has arranged things. If he walks in front of his wife, he will donate all his savings to Ye Lianping Scholarship Fund, except for a certain living expenses. This fund has been established for seven years, and he has continuously invested 50,000 yuan.

The second is to donate the remains to Anhui Medical University. He has five students studying at Anhui Medical University. When he visited during the New Year, he mentioned that there were no human specimens in anatomical experiments.

Ye Lianping has no descendants. His first wife was pregnant, because he was politically suspected, and she aborted the child and divorced him. Now this wife was taken in by him at the age of 71, when she was kicked out of the house by her son and daughter-in-law, and her living environment was in a mess.

Ye Lianping didn’t have much communication with his wife, and their hearing was not very good. The students said that grandparents quarreled occasionally, but they couldn’t hear each other and said their own things.

Although there are no children or daughters, it is another comfort to have a full house of students and a world of peaches and plums. At present, his biggest regret is that he can’t find a successor. "After I leave, who will take care of these children?"

At present, the students boarding at Ye Lianping’s home are poor families. Their home is far from school and there is no electricity. Since the first day of junior high school, the senior high school entrance examination is about to take place. Her homework is not very good. Ye Lianping promised her that no matter whether she does well or not, she should not worry about economic problems. "As long as Grandpa has a breath, you won’t be unable to afford to study." She wants to be a teacher in the future and change the current situation of rural education. "I hope to create talents like Teacher Ye."

Spring goes to Qiu Lai, the sun rises and the moon sets, and children gather here from all over the world, studying, frolicking, running and growing, and scattered all over the world. Ye Lianping is like a scarecrow. The wind can’t blow down and the thunder can’t move. He will guard this country, this classroom and these children until the end of his life.

"Goodbye, Teacher Ye!" The children always say.

After school, the children came to stay in Children’s Home and asked about their homework around Teacher Ye.

The chairman of the county Federation of Literary and Art Circles said that he was a "candle that never goes out", but he disagreed. "Am I so bright? The evaluation I gave myself was at best a firefly. "

　　Today (30th) morning, the National Health and Wellness Commission held a press conference. Wang Linhong, chairman of the Women’s Health Branch of the Chinese Preventive Medical Association and chief expert of chronic diseases in China CDC, said that at present, five HPV vaccine products in China have been approved for registration, including three imported HPV vaccines and two domestic HPV vaccines. According to the national routine immunization report data, from 2018 to 2020, the number of HPV vaccination increased year by year, from 3.417 million doses in 2018 to 12.279 million doses in 2020. However, on the whole, the current supply of HPV vaccine is still in short supply, and the HPV vaccination rate of school-age women is at a low level.

　　Recently, the country has been actively strengthening the scientific propaganda of HPV vaccination and promoting the pilot work of HPV vaccination. In accordance with the working idea of overall promotion and key breakthrough, Guangdong, Hainan and Fujian provinces have successively started to implement the work of free vaccination of domestic bivalent HPV vaccine for school-age girls in the province, which will be included in the practical project of the provincial party Committee and provincial government for the people in 2022. Many cities use the platform of healthy cities to promote the pilot work of comprehensive prevention and control of cervical cancer. Jinan, Xiamen, Wuxi, Erdos and other pilot cities have introduced the policy of free HPV vaccination for school-age girls, and Chengdu has given a fixed subsidy for HPV vaccination for school-age girls, which can meet the different needs of clients for HPV vaccine. According to the recent summary data, the coverage rate of HPV vaccine for junior high school girls in these areas has been greatly improved, and some cities have exceeded 90%.

　　In the next step, we will vigorously sum up and promote the experience of piloting and promoting the free HPV vaccination policy to cover more people. At the same time, increase multi-sectoral cooperation, gradually solve the problems such as insufficient supply of HPV vaccine, and strive to meet the vaccination demand. Here, I would also like to make a popular science for the majority of female friends. At present, there are bivalent, tetravalent and nonavalent HPV vaccines that can be applied in China, and the age range used is 9-mdash; 45-year-old female. The high-risk types of HPV causing cervical cancer are mainly subtypes 16 and 18, so bivalent HPV vaccine can prevent about 70% of cervical cancer. Another important point is that HPV vaccine has the best protection effect for young women who have not been infected with HPV virus. WHO recommends 9— 14-year-old girls are the primary population for HPV vaccination. The earlier they are vaccinated, the better the effect will be. In the current tight supply of vaccines, don’t miss the best vaccination time by waiting for a higher-priced vaccine.

　　(CCTV reporter Shi Yingchun and Du Xinzhu)

On July 6, 2023 World Artificial Intelligence Conference was held in Shanghai with the theme of "Smart World Generates the Future". The convening of the conference coincided with the booming global model and generative artificial intelligence, and the appearance of the latest AI achievements in the world became a highlight of the conference.

At the opening ceremony of the 2023 World Artificial Intelligence Congress, four major innovations made their debut: the scholar’s universal big model system, the digital twin brain of Fudan University, Zhangjiang SUPERCITY, and the universal humanoid robot GR-1 of Fourier. Where are these four major innovations "significant"?

Scholar model can reach the world leading or advanced level in more than 130 evaluations.

"This time, the scholar’s general big model system has been fully upgraded, and the model family has been further enriched, with stronger capabilities and wider coverage modes and tasks. At the same time, the laboratory also conducts all-round open source at the levels of models, data, tools and evaluation to promote technological innovation and industrial progress. " Qiao Yu, assistant director of Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, said.

Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and Shangtang Technology, together with the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Fudan University, Shanghai Jiaotong University and Tsinghua University, released a brand-new and upgraded "Scholar General Large Model System", which includes three basic models, namely Scholar Multimodal, Scholar Puyu and Scholar Horizon, and the first full-chain open source system for the development and application of large models.

Seven-character quatrains created by "Scholar" according to Zhang Daqian’s "Lake Mountain and Summer Scene" (Photo courtesy of Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory posted by Yangguang. com)

At present, the scholar’s general large model system can reach the world leading or advanced level in more than 130 evaluations. Among them, Scholar Multi-modal seamlessly integrates various modes such as language, image and video, and realizes the definition of visual tasks through natural language for the first time, and has the ability of multi-modal interaction and cross-modal generation; The upgraded Scholar Puyu is the first officially released 100-billion-parameter-level language model supporting 8K context length in China, and many evaluations have surpassed ChatGPT；. Scholar Sky is the world’s first three-dimensional large-scale model of city-level NeRF real scene, with hundreds of billions of parameters, and it is the first time in the world to realize 4K high-precision modeling and editing of 100 square kilometers of urban real scene.

Qiao Yu introduced that Scholar Big Model has promoted the intelligent process in many industries and fields such as autonomous driving, smart medical care and earth science. In earth science, the global medium-term weather forecast model "Fengwu" has achieved the first time that the effective weather forecast time is 10 days, and it only takes 30 seconds for "Fengwu" to generate the global high-precision forecast results for the next 10 days, which is much better than the traditional model in efficiency.

Universal humanoid robot is expected to lead AI into the "era of embodied intelligence"

With the emergence of "super brain" represented by ChatGPT, the evolution route of artificial intelligence is becoming clearer. At present, the industry generally believes that the next wave of artificial intelligence is embodied intelligence. As the carrier of artificial intelligence entering the physical world, embodied intelligence combines artificial intelligence technology with robot entities, giving the "brain" a "body" that can be dominated, perceived, interacted and acted.

The intelligent universal humanoid robot GR-1 is 1.65 meters tall, weighs 55 kilograms, has 40 degrees of freedom, the maximum peak torque of joint module can reach 300N·m, the walking speed can reach 5KM/h, and it can carry 50 kilograms.

Fu Liye intelligent universal humanoid robot GR-1 (photo by Yang Guangwang reporter Han Xiaoyu)

Gu Jie, the founder of Fu Liye Intelligent, believes that as the next generation ontology of AI with body intelligence, universal humanoid robot is expected to lead AI into the "era of body intelligence", and will also promote the development of special robots to general robots. "Just like the development trend from desktop computers to personal computers to mobile phones, universal humanoid robots will gradually become the mainstream of the industry in the future. At present, the hardware foundation of the universal humanoid robot is basically laid, and the application wave driven by the big model is coming soon. "

"Once the humanoid robot is generalized, it will meet the huge market demand." Gu Jie introduced that GR-1 adopts a highly scalable design, which can realize more AI model and algorithm verification, and explore and try the landing and cutting-edge technology integration in application scenarios such as rescue and disaster relief, old-age care, and domestic service.

The world’s first digital twin brain with the scale of 86 billion neurons.

The human brain consists of 86 billion neurons, and each neuron is connected with as many as 1,000 to tens of thousands of other neurons, forming the most complex neural network known at present, which can generate emotion, self-learning and thinking, and has the ability to adapt to the complex external environment. The goal of the digital twin brain project is to try to reconstruct the simulated brain on the computer, so that there is a significant correlation between the digital brain and the biological brain in the mesoscale spatio-temporal dynamic mechanism.

Through nearly five years’ efforts, the research teams of Feng Jianfeng, Lu Wenlian and Zheng Qibao of Fudan University used the multimodal neuroimaging data of human brain collected by high-precision nuclear magnetic resonance equipment to develop the method of data assimilation and reconstruction of pulse neural network on the supercomputer cluster connected by high-speed network, and constructed the world’s first digital twin brain with the scale of 86 billion neurons.

According to reports, the construction of digital twin brain can be used as a cognitive experimental platform, and also as a medical experiment platform for brain diseases, brain-computer interface and drug testing. By simulating and analyzing the pathological areas related to the basal ganglia of the brain, the research team gave a variety of different deep brain stimuli in the digital twin brain, providing a new digital twin means for better understanding the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and optimizing the clinical diagnosis and treatment plan.

Urban digital twin base to create digital application scene

The development of artificial intelligence industry is inseparable from the landing of scene applications. At the industrial development plenary meeting of the 2022 World Artificial Intelligence Conference, Zhangjiang Group released the concept of "Zhangjiang Future City SUPER CITY", and proposed for the first time to build a pilot area of Zhangjiang Digital Twin "Future City" with the area of 4.1 square kilometers in Zhangjiang Central District.

This year, supported by the industrial cluster of Zhangjiang Artificial Intelligence and Metauniverse Digital Chain, Zhangjiang Group and Overlapping Digital have jointly created a new AI 2.0 paradigm of digital twin "City of the Future", and formed five digital application scenarios for future life, future transportation, future medical care, future finance and future manufacturing by developing the digital twin base of Zhangjiang Science City, which is inclusive, open and win-win.

Immersive navigation solution (Photo courtesy of respondents sent by Yangguang. com)

Shi Zhiru, vice president of Overlapping Digital, introduced that "Zhangjiang SUPERCITY" has built a digital urban cloud native base, which realizes the fusion of time and space data and holographic transparency of traffic information, and has the ability of cross-modal AI intelligent analysis and dynamic simulation of traffic situation. "In the future, the first set of immersive navigation solutions will be launched in China, and citizens can no longer be limited by spatial positioning, experience realistic three-dimensional scenes and appreciate immersive space scenes."

"The digital twin system will become the basic application platform for many applications in the future. If the low-cost rendering technology can be broken through, the digital twin platform will probably become a three-dimensional map service, and both indoor and outdoor scenes can be vividly presented to people at low cost. It has truly become an indispensable part of people’s livelihood work." Zhang Zhaohua, CEO of Overlapping Digital, said.

　　On July 27th, Jiangsu Provincial Department of Transportation was a guest of the provincial political hotline. In the program, Mr. Liu from Yangzhou reported that he went back to his hometown for the Spring Festival in January this year, and there was no bill when he passed through the section from Cao Zhuang, Anhui Province to Lixin, Anhui Province. After checking the bill, he found that he was charged twice. Mr. Liu called the 96777 customer service hotline several times, and the staff replied that there was indeed a problem of repeated charges, but after five months, he still did not receive a refund.

　　There are many problems in ETC billing after the cancellation of provincial toll stations.

　　Mr. Liu said that on February 15, when he inquired about the bill through Tongbao APP, he found that this section of the road was charged twice. On February 25th, Mr. Liu called 96777, but he couldn’t get through. Later, he left a message on "Jiangsu Expressway 96777" WeChat WeChat official account to reflect this problem. On February 26th, the staff called back and said that it was indeed overcharged by 102.78 yuan, and said that it would be refunded, but Mr. Liu has not received a refund so far.

　　In daily life, many citizens also report that there is an error in the ETC billing process, and it is necessary to verify after discovering this error, and the hotline is more difficult to call. After the cancellation of the provincial toll station of expressway, some areas have problems such as wrong charging, repeated charging, wrong charging time, and multiple deductions for one pass during the running-in period of system conversion, which has brought troubles to ETC users. What improvements has Jiangsu Provincial Department of Transportation made in view of the failure of canceling ETC system of provincial boundary toll stations?

　　The charging system is upgraded and reformed, running smoothly, and complaints are reduced

　　Qin Yilin, deputy director of the Finance Department of the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Transportation, said in the program that since the cancellation of the provincial toll station on January 1, 2020, there are indeed some universal problems in the system operation, such as repeated charges, multiple charges and multiple charges for one trip. The Ministry of Transportation attaches great importance to it and organizes the transportation departments of various provinces and cities across the country, including business management units, to upgrade and improve the operation of the entire toll system. Since the resumption of fees on May 6th, the improvement of this work has achieved remarkable results. The overall operation of the system is stable, the number of complaints is greatly reduced, and the requirements for displaying the fees of ordinary people have also been realized.

　　In response to the problems reflected by Mr. Liu in the program, Qin Yilin said that it is not complicated to find out whether there is a problem of repeated charges, and car owners and users should not be troubled by this. "We have not done enough work." The Provincial Department of Transportation will keep abreast of the situation, find out the path taken by ETC users and the share deducted, and give the masses a satisfactory answer.

　　Establishing a closed-loop coordination mechanism to solve the problem of difficult hotline call

　　In addition, many car owners often report that ETC’s customer service hotline 96777 is difficult to dial. At present, has the Provincial Department of Transportation optimized and improved the channels for unblocked appeals?

　　Qin Yilin said frankly that the Provincial Department of Transportation did receive a lot of complaints, and everyone felt that 96777 couldn’t get through, which had certain objective reasons. After the establishment of the National ETC Customer Service Center, the number of complaints has greatly increased. The Jiangsu Expressway Customer Service Hotline 96777 used to serve the province, but now it has actually become a national service, so the number of complaints has increased significantly. At the same time, Jiangsu Province is a province with a lot of transit vehicles, and ETC services are also radiated to related provinces. Everyone will call 96777 to ask questions about related charges, thus greatly increasing the number of provincial customer service telephone services.

　　According to Qin Yilin, according to statistics, in the past, the highest customer service received more than 50,000 calls every day. At present, in order to solve this problem, the Provincial Department of Transportation has made improvements, made full use of the provincial customer service center, and established 11 regional customer service centers. In terms of staffing, it has increased from more than 30 people to more than 200 people. At the same time, a handling mechanism has been established, and a closed-loop mechanism for complaint handling has been established for consultation calls, including complaints. Because there are many complaints from other provinces, the Provincial Department of Transportation has also established a coordination mechanism for complaint handling with other provinces.

　　Xinhua Daily Political Hotline reporter Jiang Hao

　　On November 17th, Professor Wang Chao, vice president of Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and secretary of the Party Committee of Sichuan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, visited the online interview section of the provincial government website and had an online exchange with netizens on the theme of "Prevention and treatment of common diseases in winter with traditional Chinese medicine under the prevention and control of normalized epidemic situation".

　　Professor Wang Chao said that common diseases in winter include respiratory diseases, such as colds, flu and bronchitis; Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris and stroke; Motor system diseases such as neck, shoulder, waist and leg pain, bone and arthritis; Digestive system diseases such as dyspepsia and gastric ulcer.

　　So what should we do in the face of common and frequently-occurring diseases in winter? What are the good methods of TCM prevention and treatment? Professor Wang Chao recommended some tips on prevention and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine for netizens online!

　　First, the common respiratory diseases prevention and treatment tips

　　Second, the small coup for the prevention and treatment of hypertension (used on the basis of western medicine prevention and treatment)

　　Professor Wang Chao said that cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are generally divided into three categories.

　　First, vascular occlusion, such as myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, has a high mortality and disability rate;

　　Second, insufficient blood supply, such as coronary heart disease and angina pectoris;

　　The third is blood vessel rupture, such as cerebral hemorrhage and aneurysm rupture. It is closely related to the three highs, namely hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.

　　To prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, we must first prevent the three highs, especially hypertension. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the essence of hypertension is deficiency in essence and excess in substance, and there are mainly three syndrome types: yin deficiency and hyperactivity in yang, yin and yang deficiency, and phlegm-dampness blocking in the middle. Its prevention and treatment are as follows (based on the prevention and treatment of western medicine).

　　Third, the prevention and treatment of shoulder, neck, low back pain tips

　　Professor Wang Chao said that the cold winter and vasoconstriction lead to the stagnation of local qi and blood, which is the main reason for the pain. If you want to have less pain, no pain, and say goodbye to pain, Professor Ma Chao also gave some suggestions to netizens for these pains:

　　The first is to keep warm:Friends who have neck, shoulder, waist and leg pain and arthritis must add clothes in time or even in advance in winter, pay attention to cold and warmth, especially for the parts with pain symptoms, and take the initiative to prevent joints from catching cold by wearing scarves, vests, knee pads and gloves.

　　Followed by hot compress:"Warming meridians and dredging collaterals" and "heat until pain stops". The electric hot water bag with temperature control can be selected for hot compress, which is convenient to heat, controllable in temperature, economical and safe. Heavy and sore, choose Shangshi Zhitong ointment; Swelling and tingling, choose Musk Zhuanggu Ointment; Choose dog skin cream for cold pain and contracture. However, it is necessary to remind everyone that the time of hot compress varies from person to person, so as to avoid scalding, and more attention should be paid to the use when local redness and skin damage occur.

　　The third is the baking lamp:We often use TDP and infrared lamp. TDP refers to specific electromagnetic spectrum therapy. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic, reducing exudation. Infrared lamp has high radiation frequency, strong permeability, warming effect, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.

　　It has obvious curative effect on muscle strain, joint pain, lumbar pain and cervical pain.

　　The fourth is moxibustion:It mainly includes ginger moxibustion, garlic moxibustion, salt moxibustion and aconite moxibustion. Warming meridians to dispel cold, activating qi and dredging collaterals.

　　The fifth is fumigation:Introduce a classic prescription, with 20 grams of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Folium Artemisiae Argyi and Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae, and 10 grams of Radix Saposhnikoviae, Fructus Lipuidambaris, Radix Clematidis, Flos Carthami and Herba Asari.

　　The sixth is medicinal liquor:It can be used both orally and externally, with medlar 30g, Agkistrodon 30g, epimedium 30g and kadsura 30g.

　　The seventh is medicinal diet:For example: Eucommia tendon soup, take Eucommia bark, pepper root 15g each, Achyranthes bidentata 20g, and tendon (pig, ox, deer and other tendons) about 200g.

　　Eighth is Chinese medicine:It is necessary to treat according to syndrome differentiation and go to a regular hospital for treatment. (Cover journalist Zeng Ya)

Every Mid-Autumn Festival and the full moon, even though it’s far away from Qian Shan, it’s just a stone’s throw away, and Chinese people all over the world are reunited. Mid-Autumn Festival is Chinese’s collective prayer for reunion. Watching the moon and eating moon cakes expresses Chinese’s good feelings for family reunion. Today is the Mid-Autumn Festival. Did you eat moon cakes? What kind of stuffing? What flavor? Fengbian is a vegetarian baby. This year’s popular moon cakes, such as lobster, foie gras, pickled bullfrog, abalone and hairtail, have no chance with Fengbian. The young master who wants to eat exotic moon cakes goes out and turns right. What this small series wants to give to Amway is Buddhist vegetarian moon cakes. You heard right, 10 kinds of Buddhist vegetarian moon cakes. Xiaobian made a non-professional evaluation of 10 kinds of Buddhist moon cakes from the aspects of taste, packaging and sweetness. The typesetting order is arranged according to the tasting time of Xiaobian. Please close your eyes, everyone.

The first kind: pure vegetarian moon cakes in Shanghai Jade Buddha Temple.

Chanyue Suzhou-style moon cake

Taste: five kernels, red bean paste, moss strips, black sesame seeds, roses,

Sweetness comfort: ☆☆☆

Packaging (simple aesthetics): ☆☆☆

Taste: ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆.

Phoenix weaving: the stuffing is fresh, the material is sufficient, the skin is crisp and delicious. Perhaps this is the earliest Buddha moon cake that Xiaobian ate this year, and it feels so delicious. In particular, the five-kernel stuffing is full of fruit, and it smells good when you take a bite. Roses are a little sweet and the packaging is a little crude. Maybe this is the traditional style. The moon cakes are a little too big, and the materials are too solid. Eat one tube and fill it. Shanghai Jade Buddha Temple has a history of more than 30 years, following the traditional ancient techniques. Shanghai Jade Buddha Temple Pure Moon Cake won the "China Famous Cake" in the 2017 China Moon Cake Culture Festival, which was very impressive.

The second kind: Shanghai Jing ‘an Temple vegetarian moon cakes.

Traditional Soviet-style moon cakes

Taste: red bean paste, lotus seed paste, sesame seed paste, five kernels and black sesame seeds.

Sweetness comfort: ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆.

Packing: ☆☆☆

Taste: ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆.

Feng bian: vegetarian moon cakes with crispy skin, not sweet, not greasy, and seaweed stuffing, not too delicious. Shanghai Jing ‘an Temple vegetarian moon cake is an old name on the beach. It has been handmade for decades. Before the Mid-Autumn Festival every year, a large number of lay mothers-in-law make traditional Soviet-style moon cakes in the temple. It is said that they need to queue up to buy them. If they want to eat Jing ‘an Temple vegetarian moon cakes, they should have patience and patience.

The third kind: Jiangsu Taicang Tongjue Temple vegetarian moon cakes.

Su-style moon cakes, Cantonese-style moon cakes

Taste: fine sand, 100 fruits and coconut.

Sweetness comfort: ☆☆☆

Packing: ☆☆☆

Taste: ☆ ☆ ☆.

Feng Bian: Crisp is good, slightly sweet, the filling is fresh, and the Cantonese moon cake oil is slightly larger. The vegetarian moon cakes in Tongjue Temple are all made by the master and the layman themselves, and they are full of Buddhist blessings.

The fourth kind: Suzhou Honghuashe vegetarian moon cakes.

Su-style moon cakes, Cantonese-style moon cakes

Taste: fine sand, 100 fruits and coconut.

Sweetness comfort: ☆☆☆

Packing: ☆☆☆☆☆☆

Taste: ☆ ☆ ☆.

Feng Bian: It keeps the traditional taste of Su-style moon cakes, and the taste is similar to that of Tongjue Temple. In particular, the packaging of Honghua vegetarian moon cakes is very simple and environmentally friendly. Call must be made for this package. Suzhou Honghua Society was founded in 1930, initiated by Master Yin Guang, to engrave and circulate Buddhist books. It is one of the most influential Buddhist classic engraving and circulation institutions in modern China.

The fifth kind: Sanya Nanshan Temple vegetarian moon cakes.

Fushou Nanshan yue

Taste: five kernels, golden jade and lotus seed paste.

Sweetness comfort: ☆☆☆

Packing: ☆☆☆☆☆

Taste: ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆.

Feng Bian: Nanshan Temple vegetarian moon cake is the representative work of Cantonese vegetarian moon cake, with moderate sweetness, delicate taste, full stuffing of five kernels and freshness. The packaging is very good, beautiful big red, moon cakes are individually packaged, and small sundries can be put in the box after eating moon cakes.

The sixth kind: Mituo Temple in Dongtai, Jiangsu Province

Su-style moon cakes, Cantonese-style moon cakes

Taste: purple sweet potato and melon kernel, red bean paste and lotus seed paste.

Sweetness comfort: ☆☆☆

Packing: ☆☆☆☆☆

Taste: ☆ ☆ ☆.

Feng bian: the style of Buddha moon cakes in Jiangsu is similar, and the taste is familiar. Because this is a moon cake that is tasted later, it feels not amazing enough. Alas, aesthetic fatigue. Mituo Temple is located in the northern head of an feng, Dongtai City, Jiangsu Province, a famous historical and cultural town in China. It was founded in the second year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (AD 1575), and the temple often holds activities such as Buddhism, short-term becoming a monk, charity and public welfare.

Seventh species: Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou

Su Shi yue pancake

Baiguo, lotus seed paste, salt and pepper, black hemp and rose

Sweetness comfort: ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆.

Packing: ☆☆☆

Taste: ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆.

Feng Bian: The vegetarian moon cakes in Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou have long been well-known. Some netizens commented that they are delicious. This kind of moon cake was not tasted before, and was taken away by my colleagues directly after taking pictures. The score is based on the comprehensive comments of netizens and the sales photos seen by Feng Bian. Please forgive me for the impersonality.

Eighth: Nanjing Qixia Ancient Temple

Su Shi yue pancake

Baiguo, lotus seed paste and black hemp

Sweetness comfort: ☆☆☆

Packing: ☆☆☆

Taste: ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆.

Feng Bian: The packaging of vegetarian moon cakes in Qixia Ancient Temple in Nanjing is quite satisfactory. The moon cakes keep the traditional flavor of old Nanjing, and the fillings are green, high-quality and have a good taste.

Ninth: Putuo Temple in Zhuhai

Su-style moon cakes, Cantonese-style moon cakes

Taste: Chaozhou-style blue bean paste, pineapple cake peel, nut lotus seed paste.

Sweetness comfort: ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆.

Packing: ☆☆☆

Taste: ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆

Feng bian: the first vegetarian moon cake with a five-star taste appeared. Absolutely kill online celebrity moon cakes such as abalone, ham, crayfish and hairtail. Zhuhai Putuo Temple vegetarian moon cake is made by Ronghua in Yuen Long, Hong Kong, which is the big boss of Cantonese moon cakes in Hong Kong. When you taste this vegetarian moon cake, especially those stuffed with bean paste and lotus seed paste, you really don’t want to stutter. You must melt it in your mouth and heart bit by bit. Delicious is not enough to describe this amazing moon cake. It’s too delicious and foul. As long as you eat it, you can’t stop. The sweetness deducts a star because the small series of pineapple feels a little sweet, but the husband of the small series is full of praise. The bag on the outer packaging of moon cakes is still from Yuen Long, and it is said that it has not come and changed this year.

Tenth species: Longquan Temple in Beijing

Xianerjia moon cake is perfect.

Taste: five kernels, hawthorn, black sesame, lotus seed paste and jujube paste.

Sweetness comfort: ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆.

Packing: ☆☆☆☆☆☆

Taste: ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆.

Feng bian: the first feeling is that the packaging is amazing and very virtuous. Fancy, literary and environmentally friendly. The sweetness of moon cakes is half that of ordinary moon cakes. No pigment, no sweetener, no trans fat, no genetically modified oil, no leaching oil, and the shelf life is only 30 days. Kenji’s ideal is to make more people vegetarian. Therefore, at first, Kenji’s moon cakes are very high in value, and you can’t put them down at first sight. Secondly, they taste good, and once you eat them, you can’t put them down.

Above, Xiao Bian introduced 10 kinds of Buddhist vegetarian moon cakes to you. The common characteristics of Buddhist vegetarian moon cakes are fresh stuffing, sufficient ingredients, less oil and sugar, healthy and delicious. Have you enjoyed yourself? Have you eaten? Try what you haven’t eaten. After this village and that temple, as long as it’s vegetarian moon cakes made in the temple, you can’t go wrong.

On February 5th, China FAW announced today that the group’s total sales in January exceeded 296,800 vehicles, up 54.2% year-on-year.

. The total sales volume of the new Red Flag H5 and the new Red Flag HS5 increased by 178% year-on-year. The sales volume of the new Red Flag H5 ranked first in China brand B luxury fuel car, and the sales volume of the new Red Flag HS5 ranked first in China brand B luxury fuel SUV.

Jiefang brand has a terminal share of 24.3% in the heavy truck market, ranking first in the industry, 32.8% in the NG tractor market and 33.9% in the diesel coal transportation market.

In January, Pentium brand achieved more than 10,000 wholesale and terminal retail sales, with wholesale sales increasing by 86% and terminal retail sales increasing by 121%. Among them, the terminal retail sales of the main model Pentium B70 are stable at more than 5,000 vehicles.

It should be noted that the specific sales volume of FAW-Volkswagen and FAW-Toyota has not been mentioned officially.

In the deeds of January, China FAW also mentioned that the Liberation Power Changchun Super Factory was officially put into production, the 100 millionth battery of Times FAW was rolled off the assembly line, the first SOP white body of FAW-Volkswagen VW491 project was rolled off the assembly line, and the first phase of FAW Foday new energy power battery was successfully put into production in Changchun.