上海花千坊爱上海

　　Recently, there are always people on the Internet who say that the barbecue in Zibo is "cold". There are three reasons: first, the passenger flow has dropped; second, some barbecue shops have begun to transfer their facades; third, the popularity of online search is not as good as before.

　　It is better to return to normal than to be "cool". At present, although the barbecue in Zibo is "cooling down", it does not mean that there is no heat. The owner of the barbecue shop reported that although the current passenger flow is not as good as the peak period in April and May, it is still much more than before the "fire"; Although the booking volume of hotels and homestays has declined, the booking situation of the Dragon Boat Festival holiday not long ago is still considerable. It can be seen that the heat of barbecue is still warming many operators in this city.

　　This is Linzi Barbecue Courtyard located in Linzi District, Zibo City. Photo by Zhu Zheng (Xinhua News Agency)

　　The popularity of barbecue in Zibo attracted many entrants. According to the data, from March 1st to June 18th, there were 694 barbecue-related enterprises in Zibo, among which there were veterans in the catering industry and novices. Under the baptism of the market tide, there are shops that have always maintained a high standard of taste and service and are still full of passengers; There are also those who lack stable customers and good word-of-mouth support and can only transfer the facade.

　　Zibo barbecue has become a phenomenal "national feast", which is the result of spontaneous promotion by tourists, rapid response by the government, active maintenance by citizens and other factors, and the help of network traffic can not be ignored.

　　The speed of creating hot spots on the Internet is often very fast. The online "mountain-like tsunami" traffic is transformed into offline short-time passenger flow, which tests the city’s ability to provide a perfect business reception environment and high-quality public services. Once it fails to meet the expectations of tourists, the voice of praise may turn into complaints, which is an examination question that all online celebrity cities need to face. In addition, the Internet traffic economy has the characteristics of rapid upgrading and short life cycle. Not only in Zibo, but also in other online celebrity cities, it is difficult to keep the heat at its peak all the time, and the change of "You sing and I come on stage" is not uncommon in cyberspace. When the flow ebbs, how to cultivate the new kinetic energy of sustainable development is another question for online celebrity. A single barbecue may not be able to meet the experience needs of tourists’ differentiated and diversified leisure tourism. There are many articles to be done from these perspectives, such as exploring tourism resources, enriching the supply of tourism products and injecting the soul into tourism with culture.

　　A nationwide barbecue made more people know about Zibo, and its good consumption environment and excellent public services made it famous. For this newly-built city of online celebrity, people’s continuous concern is the most precious wealth for the long-term development of Zibo.

　　Economic Daily (by Zhang Xue)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Xi ‘an, March 13 (Reporter Lin Juan) Influenza monitoring by China CDC shows that the level of influenza activity has increased in many places in China recently, and influenza A virus is the absolute advantage among the popular influenza viruses. What is swine flu? What’s the difference between flu and common cold? How should I treat the flu? How to scientifically prevent influenza? The reporter interviewed disease control experts and infectious disease experts to answer your questions.

　　What is swine flu?

　　Yu Pengbo, director of the Institute of Viral Disease Prevention and Control of Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that influenza A is the abbreviation of influenza A and an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza A virus infection. Influenza virus can be divided into four types according to its core protein: A, B, C and D. Influenza viruses that are seasonal epidemic in the population are influenza A (subtype A H1N1 and subtype A H3N2) and influenza B (strain Yamagata and strain Victoria).

　　Compared with influenza B virus, influenza A virus has many hosts in nature, and it is more prone to mutation or recombination, resulting in its rapid spread among people. Many large-scale outbreaks of influenza in history are related to influenza A virus.

　　Influenza patients and recessive infections are the main sources of seasonal influenza infection. Influenza virus is mainly transmitted through air droplets, and can also be directly or indirectly transmitted through oral cavity, nasal cavity, eyes and other mucous membranes. Contact with items contaminated by viruses may also cause infection. It can also spread in the form of aerosol in a crowded, closed or poorly ventilated room.

During the flu season, children and parents of Xi ‘an Children’s Hospital lined up for tests. Xinhua News Agency reporter Yan Juan photo

　　What’s the difference between flu and common cold?

　　Yu Pengbo introduced that, first of all, the pathogens of the two are different. The flu is caused by influenza virus, and the common cold is caused by rhinovirus and adenovirus. Second, the seasonality is different. Influenza has obvious seasonality (from October to March of the following year in northern China), while the common cold has no obvious seasonality. Third, the symptoms are different. The typical symptoms of influenza are fever, with body temperature as high as 39 to 40 degrees Celsius, accompanied by chills, severe systemic symptoms, headache, muscle pain and fatigue. The common cold generally does not have fever or mild or moderate fever, with nasopharyngeal symptoms as the main symptoms, such as sneezing, runny nose, stuffy nose, sore throat, etc., with mild or no systemic symptoms. Fourth, the harmfulness is different. Generally, the body temperature gradually subsides after 3 to 4 days of influenza onset, and the systemic symptoms improve. However, high-risk groups such as the elderly, children, patients with chronic diseases and pregnant women may be complicated with complications such as pneumonia, otitis media and myocarditis, which may develop into severe illness or even death. Complications of the common cold are rare, and they usually recover in 5 to 7 days.

　　How should I treat the flu?

　　Ye Feng, chief physician of the Department of Infectious Diseases of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ‘an Jiaotong University, said that after symptoms appear, general patients are advised to rest at home and keep the room ventilated. Get enough rest, drink plenty of water, and the diet should be easy to digest and nutritious. Minimize contact with others to avoid infection. The focus of treatment is to relieve flu-like symptoms such as fever and cough, and the patient’s condition changes should be closely observed. Once persistent high fever occurs, accompanied by severe cough, dyspnea, mental change, severe vomiting and diarrhea, you should see a doctor in time.

　　Children under 5 years old, the elderly, patients with chronic diseases, pregnant women or obese people are more likely to have serious complications. They should seek medical treatment as soon as possible and use antiviral drugs under the guidance of doctors as soon as possible. Antibiotics and hormones are ineffective against influenza virus.

　　It should be noted that not everyone who has the flu must take antiviral drugs. The vast majority of influenza antiviral drugs are prescription drugs, which need to be evaluated by doctors before use. At present, the available antiviral drugs for influenza in China mainly include oseltamivir, zanamivir, palamivir, Abidor and mabaloxavir.

Children and their parents waiting in Xi ‘an Children’s Hospital. Xinhua News Agency reporter Yan Juan photo

　　How to prevent influenza?

　　Ye Feng introduced that in daily life, maintaining good personal hygiene habits is an important means to prevent respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza. Wash your hands frequently and keep the environment clean and ventilated; Minimize activities in crowded places and avoid contact with patients with respiratory infections; Observe the etiquette when coughing; You should pay attention to rest when you have flu symptoms; Wear a mask when going to public places or seeking medical treatment. In addition, vaccination is the most economical and effective means to prevent influenza. It can be vaccinated one to two months before the peak of influenza epidemic, and it can also be vaccinated when the vaccine is available in the epidemic season.

Municipal Science and Technology Bureau, Education Bureau, scientific research institutes, institutions of higher learning and relevant units:

In order to further strengthen the safety management of scientific research laboratories in the province and create a good safety environment for scientific research, the Science and Technology Department of Jiangsu Province and the Education Department of Jiangsu Province organized the compilation of the ".Operational guidelines for safety risk assessment of scientific research experiments(Trial). Is issued to you, please scientific research institutes, colleges and universities, enterprise research and development institutions with reference to the relevant requirements, conscientiously do a good job.Safety risk assessment of scientific research experimentWork.

(There is no text on this page)

Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology education department of jiangsu

2022yearninemoonsevensun

       (This piece is made public voluntarily)

Operational guidelines for safety risk assessment of scientific research experiments

(Trial)

Further strengthen the laboratory safety management of scientific research institutes, universities, enterprise R&D institutions and other units, implement the policy of "safety first, prevention first, comprehensive management", strengthen risk awareness, enhance risk prevention and control capabilities, and create a good safety environment for scientific research. According to the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Safety in Production, Regulations on Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals, Regulations on Safety in Production in Jiangsu Province, Risk Management Risk Assessment Technology (GB 27921-2000

one Purpose of evaluation

Control the safety risks in the process of scientific research experiments from the source, standardize the activities of hazard identification, risk evaluation and risk control of experiments and experimental projects, reduce or eliminate the occurrence of safety accidents in laboratories and experimental projects, ensure the safe and orderly development of scientific research activities, and earnestly safeguard scientific research.unitLaboratory safety and personnel life safety.

2 area of application

This guide is mainly used forLaboratories of scientific research institutes, universities, enterprise R&D institutions and other units.In the process of scientific research and experiment (or experimental project), the possibility of safety accidents and the risk of potential accident consequences are analyzed and evaluated. Experimental safety risk assessment targets include experimental sites, experimental materials and equipment, experimental personnel, experimental operations, preventive measures, emergency plans, etc. Applicable to existing or new experiments and experimental projects involving dangerous chemicals (including controlled chemicals such as toxic chemicals, explosive chemicals and precursor chemicals, etc.), biology, radiation, electromechanical, laser, special equipment and other possible risks; It can also be used to evaluate the safety status of existing experiments and experimental projects.

This guide cannot replace the risk assessment of biological safety and radiation safety. For projects that may have biological safety risks and radiation safety risks, special risk assessment should also be made according to the requirements and provisions of relevant national laws, regulations and norms.

three management responsibility

unitThe main person in charge is the first person in charge of the safety management of scientific research experiments in this unit, and is fully responsible for the risk management and control of experimental safety.In charge of experimentThe leader of safety work is an important responsible person, assisting the first responsible person to be responsible for the safety management of scientific research experiments. The person in charge of the laboratory or the person in charge of the experimental project is directly responsible for the safety management of scientific research experiments, and is responsible for the risk assessment of the risk factors and risk levels of the experiments and experimental projects. unitLaboratory safety function department in conjunction withScientific research management departments organize, inspect, supervise and guide the risk assessment of experimental safety.

Safety risk assessment should be conducted in advance for experiments or experimental projects that may have safety risks. The unit can only approve whether experiments or experimental projects can be carried out after the conclusion of safety risk assessment and the implementation of rectification measures.

four Basic procedure

4.1 Experiment and experimental project, by the project leader to the unit.Laboratory safety function department in conjunction withThe scientific research management department applies for safety risk assessment.

4.2 After receiving the application for safety risk assessment,Laboratory safety function department in conjunction withThe scientific research management department organized a risk assessment team composed of experimenters, managers and safety experts in related fields.,Formulate an evaluation plan.

4.3 The assessment team conducts safety risk analysis, draws assessment conclusions, puts forward suggestions and measures, forms a safety risk assessment report (table), and returns the assessment results to the person in charge of the experiment or experimental project.

4.4The unit shall record the assessment report of the safety risk assessment project that has been approved; For experiments or experimental projects with significant risks, they shall be submitted to the competent business department for review according to the requirements of the competent business department.

4.5 Experiments and experimental projects can only be carried out after examination and approval.

five Evaluation content

The safety risk assessment of experiments and experimental projects mainly includes:

(oneThe types, quantities, characteristics and possible risks of the hazards involved in the experiment.

(2) the satisfaction and conformity of the conditions, facilities, equipment, technology and management personnel of the experimental site.

(three) The scientificity, rationality and operability of experimental scheme design, experimental operation, protective equipment allocation and safety guarantee measures.

(four) safety education, training and access scheme, laboratory safety management system and measures.

(five) emergency plan, the implementation of the safety responsibility system and other matters of preparation.

(six) storage and disposal of experimental wastes.

six Evaluation process

Basic steps: preliminary preparation, identification and analysis of dangerous and harmful factors, selection of evaluation methods, qualitative or quantitative evaluation, putting forward safety countermeasures and suggestions, making evaluation conclusions, and compiling safety risk assessment reports (tables).

6.1 Preparatory stage

The preliminary preparation work includes: defining the evaluation target and scope, setting up an evaluation team, compiling various questionnaires, preparing technical documents (collecting relevant domestic laws, regulations, rules, standards and specifications, etc.), conducting on-the-spot investigation on the basic data of the evaluated object, and conducting on-the-spot investigation and accurately recording the investigation results.

6.1.1 Establish the objectives, scope and principles of risk assessment.

6.1.2 Set up an evaluation team.

6.1.3 Collect relevant information and conduct preliminary investigation and analysis, including:

①Relevant domestic laws, regulations, rules, standards, norms, etc.;②Basic information of the experimental project: the main items involved in the experimental projectexperimentMaterials (including chemicals/Types, quantities, storage methods, physical and chemical properties and hazardous characteristics of reagents, special gases, etc.); Main experimental instruments/Type, quantity and safety protection of equipment (especially special equipment); Experimental steps and operation methods; Measures, conditions and facilities for explosion prevention, fire prevention and poisoning prevention in the experimental site; Qualification and training of laboratory personnel; Safety management system; Emergency plans and drills, etc.;③On-site investigation;④Seek expert advice;⑤Other supplementary information, such as similar safety accident cases.

6.1.4 Develop a risk assessment plan.

The assessment team formulates a risk assessment plan.The contents of the evaluation plan generally include:①Purpose of evaluation;②Evaluation basis;③Evaluation principle;④Scope of assessment;⑤ Division of tasks; ⑥appraisal procedure;⑦Work plan for each stage of risk assessment;⑧Time schedule of implementation.

The risk assessment plan should be issued and implemented by the main person in charge of the unit (or its authorized person in charge)..

If there is too little relevant information, so that the risk assessmentworkWhen it is difficult to carry out, some risk reduction measures can be introduced in a targeted manner to reduce the risk of some key links and simplify the evaluation scheme.

6.2 Evaluation stage  

Carry out analysis and evaluation according to the risk assessment plan. Through hazard identification and analysis, field investigation, and qualitative and quantitative evaluation of hazard factors.

6.2.1 Identification and analysis of dangerous and harmful factors. Identify hazards and various dangerous and harmful factors, identify risks, and analyze and judge the degree of safety risks. Focus on the analysis and listing of dangerous chemicals, experimental procedures and operating methods, the use of special equipment, emergency treatment and other aspects of the dangerous and harmful factors.

6.2.2 Select evaluation method. According to the characteristics of experiments and experimental projects, scientific, reasonable and applicable qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods are selected for overall evaluation and analysis. Capable of quantitative evaluationsuitableUse quantitative evaluation methods, and semi-quantitative or qualitative evaluation methods can be used if quantitative evaluation is not possible. For different experimental stages or links, different evaluation methods can be selected according to the needs of evaluation and the characteristics of experimental links. When necessary, several analysis and evaluation methods can be selected to evaluate the same evaluation object, which are complementary, comprehensive and mutually verified to improve the accuracy of the analysis and evaluation results.

6.2.3 Qualitative or quantitative evaluation. Using the selected evaluation method, combined with field investigation, and referring to the possibility and severity of accidents or acute occupational hazards caused by dangerous and harmful factors in similar experimental activities, qualitative and quantitative evaluation and analysis can be carried out.

6.2.4 Safety countermeasures and suggestions. According to the identification, analysis results and qualitative and quantitative analysis results of dangerous and harmful factors, this paper puts forward targeted safety countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of experimental site conditions, experimental materials and equipment, experimental methods, personnel education and training, emergency response capability and safety management.

6.2.5 Evaluation conclusion.Summarize the evaluation results of experimental materials, instruments and equipment, experimental process (technology), safety management and protective measures; List the experimental itemsThe existing risks, as well as the hazards and hazardous factors that should be mainly prevented and controlled, point out the existing problems, determine the hazard categories, predict the possibility and severity of major accidents, and put forward the key safety countermeasures to be taken.andFeasibility of reducing security risks.

6.3 Prepare safety risk assessment report

refer toAQ 8001See appendix for the format of safety risk assessment report.D.

seven reappraise

experimentScheme orExperiment (technology)If there is any major adjustment in the process.Whole or wholeappearoriginallyMajor safety risks not found during the assessment, the project leadershouldRe-evaluate the safety risk according to the process, and take effective control and preventive measures in time.

(oneRelevant policies, regulations and standards have changed;

(2) After a safety accident or incident;

(threeWhen new equipment, materials, methods, personnel, environment, etc. are changed or the structure and function of the laboratory are changed, including before the tasks performed by the laboratory partition where substances are stored or used are changed; 

(four) change the workflow.

eight Risk grade determination

From high to low, the risk level of experimental safety is divided into major risk (level 1), major risk (level 2), general risk (level 3) andLow risk (level 4) four levels.

Level 1 (red): significant risk. It is extremely dangerous and cannot be carried out.In the experiment, control measures should be supplemented immediately in order to reduce the risk level, and regular inspection, measurement and evaluation should be carried out;

Level 2 (orange): greater risk. High risk, immediate rectification, supplementary control measures, regular inspection, measurement and evaluation;

Level 3 (yellow): general risk. Significant danger, need to be rectified, establish goals, establish operating procedures, and strengthen training and communication;

Level 4 (blue): low risk.lowerDanger, need to pay attention to, improve the control measures in time.

The conclusions obtained by different risk analysis and evaluation methods may be different, so the one with the highest risk level should be selected as the risk level of the project.

Experiments and experimental projects adopt a safety risk classification and classification management mechanism. Effective safety prevention and control measures and emergency plans should be formulated and strictly implemented for experiments and experimental projects with risk level above level 3, and experiments can be carried out only after being examined and confirmed by the unit, and relevant materials should be filed.

According to the relevant national and industrial regulations, norms and standards, the classification of experiments and experimental projects and the division of risk levels are adjusted in a timely manner (see AnnexC）。

Appendix A 

Risk assessment flow chart

 

 

picture1  Risk assessment flow chart

appendixB

 Risk assessment method

 According to the characteristics of experiments and experimental projects, comprehensive analysis, qualitative and quantitative evaluation are generally carried out by using hazard analysis method of working conditions, pre-hazard analysis method, analogy method and checklist analysis method.

(1)Hazard analysis method (LEC)

Hazard analysis method for working conditions (Graham–Ginny method is a semi-quantitative risk assessment method for workers working in occupational hazardous environment. The evaluation principle is: the quantitative risk value of operating conditions (D) depends on three factors, (one) the possibility of an accident (L）； (2) Frequency of exposure of workers to dangerous working environment (E）； (three) The severity of possible consequences in the event of an accident (C）。 Represented by a simplified formula is:D=L×E×C

amongDThe greater the value, the greater the danger of the operation. Danger of working conditionsDSee table for the classification of values.2.

table1  Hazard classification table

L、E、CSee table for the range of the three factors.2, tablethree, tablefour.

table2   L-Accident possibility score

table3   E-Frequency score of exposure to dangerous environment

table4   C-Consequence score caused by accident

 

(2) Pre-hazard analysisway

Pre-hazard analysis (PHA) is a system safety analysis method that makes a macro and general analysis of various risk factors (categories and distributions), occurrence conditions and possible consequences of accidents in the system before an activity (such as an experiment). Its purpose is to find the potential risk factors of the system at an early stage, determine the risk level of the system, and put forward corresponding preventive measures to prevent these risk factors from developing into accidents and avoid thoughtlessness.The losses caused are qualitative evaluation. That is to say, discuss, analyze and determine the dangerous and harmful factors existing in the system, their triggering conditions and phenomena, the causes and events that caused the accident, the accident types, the accident consequences and the danger level, and put forward the safety precautions that should be taken.

(one) Pre-hazard analysis step

① Fully investigate the purpose, process, operating conditions and surrounding environment of the experiment;

② Collect past experience and accidents in similar experiments, judge whether similar situations will occur in the objects to be analyzed, and find out the dangers that can cause material losses and personal injuries;

③ Determine the hazard source according to experience, technical diagnosis and other methods;

④ Identify the conditions of dangerous transformation and study the trigger conditions of dangerous factors transforming into accidents;

⑤ Carry out risk classification, determine the degree of risk, and find out the dangerous sources that should be controlled emphatically;

⑥ Formulate risk prevention measures.

(2) risk classification

PHAThe result of the analysis is expressed by the risk grade. Danger can be divided into four grades, as shown in table.five.

tablefive  Hazard classification table

(three) evaluation results

Pre-risk assessment analysis adopts the following tabular form (Tablesix) Submit the results.

table6  Hazard pre-analysis table (sample table)

 

(four) analysis summary

Through the pre-risk assessment and analysis, the main risks and risk grades of experiments or experimental projects are obtained.

For all kinds of possible dangers and harmful factors, preliminary preventive countermeasures and measures are put forward one by one in the risk pre-analysis table.

(3) analogy method

Through the safety investigation of the same or similar projects as the experimental projects to be evaluated, and the analysis of relevant experimental documents and technical data, it is proposed to evaluate the types and degree of hazards and harmful factors of the experimental projects by analogy, assess the possible hazards and harmful factors, and predict the control effect of the proposed safety protection measures.

(4) Checklist analysis method

According to the national laws, regulations, technical specifications and standards related to occupational safety and health, as well as operating procedures and production safety accident cases, through detailed analysis and research on the experimental items to be evaluated, the inspection units, parts, items, contents and requirements are listed, and a table is compiled to check the compliance one by one to determine the safety problems, defects and potential hazards of the experimental items to be evaluated.

appendixC

Classification and risk level of experiments and experimental projects

 

1. According to the characteristics of hazardous sources involved in experiments and experimental projects, they can be divided into six categories: chemistry, biology, radiation, electromechanical, special equipment and others from the perspective of safety.

(a) experimental sites (or experimental projects) involving chemical reactions and chemicals belong to the chemical category. The main hazards areExplosive,Flammable and explosive,be poisonedSexual, corrosive and other dangers.chemistryProduct.

(two) experimental sites (or experimental projects) involving microorganisms and experimental animals belong to the biological category. The main hazards are microorganisms (infectious disease pathogens, etc.), animals and other biological factors that endanger the safety of individuals or groups.

(3) Experimental sites (or experimental projects) involving radioactive sources and radiation devices are classified as radiation. The main hazard source is radioactive material.

(four) experimental sites (or experimental items) involving mechanical, electrical, high temperature and high pressure equipment and instruments.Item) belongs to electromechanical category. The main hazards are machining high-speed equipment and high-speed equipment.electricityPressure and high current equipment, excitationOptical equipment, heating equipment, etc.

(five) experimental sites (or experimental projects) involving lifting machinery, boilers and pressure vessels (including gas cylinders) belong to special equipment. The main hazard source is the equipment itself, and the lifting machinery may cause heavy objects falling, crane instability, tilting, squeezing, falling from a height and other hazards; Boiler may cause material failure, explosion or leakage due to overtemperature and overpressure, resulting in mechanical damage, scald and other hazards; The pressure vessel may cause explosion or gas leakage and other hazards due to thermal overpressure, mechanical damage and unqualified pressure reducing valve.

(six) experimental sites (or experimental projects) that do not involve the above-mentioned hazard sources belong to other categories. The main hazard source is the safety risk of electricity and water caused by facilities and equipment such as electricity and water.

Second, according to the hazards used in the experiment.(experimental materials, instruments and equipment, etc.)The degree of danger,And whether a large number of dangerous experimental materials are stored in the experimental site,The experimental safety risk levels of experiments and experimental projects are divided into four levels from high to low: major risk (level I, red), major risk (level II, orange), general risk (level III, yellow) and low risk (level IV, blue).

(a) involving the use ofExplosives, spontaneous combustion,Inflammable and explosivewait forDangerous chemicals with physical hazards, andHighly toxic and easy to make drugs.Easy to explode, narcotics and psychotropic substancesControl chemicals or drugs, etc.Highly pathogenic microorganisms, radioactive sources, etc.; Or a large number of dangerous chemicals or controlled drugs are stored on site than the experimental requirements.It is a first-class safety risk experiment and experimental project.

(two) involving the use of other dangerous chemicals, low pathogenic microorganisms, experimental animals, pressure vessels, laser equipment, strong magnetic equipment, etc., for the second-level safety risk experiments and experimental projects.

(3) It involves the use of hoisting machinery, high-speed equipment, rotary machinery, cold and hot equipment (refrigerators, ovens, muffle furnaces, etc.), high-power charging and discharging devices, high-voltage equipment, etc., and is a three-level safety risk experiment and experimental project.

(4) Experiments or experimental projects not listed in the above three categories are four-level safety risk experiments and experimental projects.

Three, the above division of experimental safety risk level, after the experimental materials, equipment, experimental technology, operation methods, personnel qualifications, environmental conditions,Protective measures, etcAfter the comprehensive risk assessment of factors, if the risk degree increases, it should be adjusted according to the comprehensive assessment results.Experimental safety risk level of experiments and experimental projects.
appendixD Compilation format of safety risk assessment report

 

××××××Experimental safety risk assessment report

I. Overview of experimental projects

one. Brief introduction of experimental project

2. Purpose of evaluation

three. Evaluation basis

four. Scope of risk assessment

five. Risk assessment method

Second, the experimental process (process) introduction

Third, hazard identification.Identification and analysis

Fourth, qualitative and quantitative evaluation

one. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation

2. assessment result

V. Safety countermeasures and suggestions

one. Put forward targeted safety countermeasures and measures.

2. Supplementary suggestion

VI. Conclusion of Safety Risk Assessment

 

××××××Experimental safety risk assessment form

Instructions for filling in the form:

1.Please fill in the corresponding column when the laboratory does not involve dangerous sources.“without"; When the form is not enough, please add it yourself.

2.This report is made in triplicate, one for the project leader, the secondary unit and the competent business department, and the copy is valid.

riverIssued by the Office of Science and Technology Department of Jiangsu Province on September 13, 2022

Attachment:Notice on printing and distributing guidelines for risk assessment of scientific experiments

　　[New car diagram] Like Hip-Hop, it is not only a brand, but also a culture. In the past period, whether it is various media reports or Weibo discussions, it has played an important role. What kind of surprises have the personalized SUV in a personalized brand brought us? Please see the actual photos of the two cars in the store below.

　　The so-called "run away" means GETAWAY, which can be explained by such an example: the company has notified the company to work overtime without pay on weekends, and I believe every employee who hears the news will feel frustrated. "Forget it, run away, don’t go". It is such a sentence that shows their yearning for freedom, as well as their own mentality, and points out the characteristics of the COUNTRYMAN owner crowd – unfettered.

● Tantan’s sneak into China, niche models, niche prices

　　On February 24, 2011, the 10th day after Valentine’s Day, MINI COUNTRYMAN was launched in China, adding a personalized choice for individual men and women. There are only two cars in the COUNTRYMAN series, and the two cars have different power configurations and transmission modes, 1.6L twoThe EXCITEMENT of the drive is priced at 358,000 yuan. The COOPER S of the other four-wheel drive 1.6T is priced at 415,000 yuan. So how to distinguish these two car types, the following text will tell you, please follow me.

● It’s not just a grown-up Mini.

　　The first feeling when seeing the MINI is that it retains the genes of the MINI family to the greatest extent, just like an ordinary MINI with a raised chassis and grown up. But as the first SUV in the family and the first four-door model, the COUNTRYMAN is more robust, and it seems to show a different kind of roughness, and the essence of this roughness is personality.

● The difference between EXCITEMENT and COOPER S in appearance and details

　　Compared with the front face of the two cars, it is obvious that the COOPER S is more exaggerated, and the details are more bold than those handled by EXCITEMENT; the front face design of EXCITEMENT is slightly conservative, and it is not as rich as the COOPER S for embellishment and decoration, but the integrity is stronger.

　　First of all, starting from the air intake grille, the grille of the COOPER S model is black honeycomb, and a long small grille is opened at the top of the front surrounding, which enhances the layering of the front face and enriches the sports elements. EXCITEMENT uses a chrome-plated decoration technique, but it is slightly elegant.

　　The water tank cooling colloquial air intake grille echoes, the two cars also maintain a certain degree of detail differences, the EXCITEMENT model water tank cooling grille is in order, COOPER S adds two chrome-plated decorations in the grille that look like tusks, the visual effect is not abrupt, and it has a certain practical effect, that is, to guide the air near the disc to cool the brake disc.

　　The profile of the side is exactly the same, but the details can still distinguish the two cars. Since the COOPER S model is four-wheel drive, the ALL4 logo at the front door corner stands out, which will be one of the essential differences between the two cars.

　　Just like looking from the front, it can also be recognized at a glance as a member of the MINI family. The retro and plump rear is highly recognizable, and even the SUV has inherited this design style.

　　The tail details are still the difference between the COOPER S and EXCITEMENT models; the COOPER S is a double exhaust pipe, which ensures the smooth exhaust of the 1.6T engine. At the same time, the chrome plating around the license plate frame is removed. The COOPER S rear surrounding line is richer than the EXCITEMENT, and the visual effect is good. In addition, the COOPER and COOPER S logos at the rear are also the most direct and sure way to distinguish their identities.

　　Highlighting individual wheel hubs is a detail that cannot be ignored. The COOPER S model has 18-inch wheels and the EXCITEMENT model has 17-inch wheels. However, MINI offers a wide range of wheel hubs, allowing consumers to choose according to their preferences.

　　In addition, many details of the appearance are also personalized, such as the white roof, the chrome rearview mirror can be installed, and the front machine cover can be sprayed with two color bars. All of this gives consumers greater freedom of choice, and the purpose is only one, to highlight their personality and avoid a static appearance. Maybe your COUNTRYMAN is a lady’s style, and mine is WRC style.

Topic: picture channel

　　Dai Dongchang, Director of the Highway Department of the Ministry of Communications, answered a reporter’s question. China Net Yang Nan Photography

　　Speaking at a news conference today (18th) about the development of national highways, Dai Dongchang, director of the Highway Department of the Ministry of Communications, said that the expressway construction in China started very late, but the rapid and leap-forward development has greatly improved the social and economic mobility of our country. It should be said that the great development of the whole highway traffic, including expressways, has supported the rapid development of our country’s social economy.

　　Looking back on the development of national highways, Dai Dongchang thinks that there are three characteristics:

　　First, it started very late. The first expressway was opened to traffic in 1988, and it was a short experimental road, which was a section of expressway from Shanghai to Jiading. Compared with developed countries and even many developing countries in the world, we started very late.

　　Second, the initial stage of development is relatively slow. We lacked experience in technology, capital, policy and so on in the initial stage of expressway construction. Therefore, at the beginning, the primary stage is relatively slow. It took us more than ten years to build the first 10,000-highway expressway.

　　Third, accelerate quickly. With the unification of people’s understanding and the accumulation of experience, especially with the new demand of social and economic development in our country, expressway construction began to accelerate in the middle and late 1990s. So we spent three years on the second 10,000 km, from 20,000 to 30,000, from 30,000 to 40,000, and from 40,000 to 50,000, respectively, and we can see the speed and construction progress. It should be said that China’s expressway construction has achieved a historic breakthrough and a leap-forward development, and this achievement has attracted worldwide attention. In particular, in a developing country like ours, its construction process was built by using the innovative mechanism of policies. Many international organizations and foreign counterparts, including the World Bank, are envious and appreciative of our achievements.

　　Dai Dongchang said that it is precisely because of the rapid development of expressways and the phased construction achievements of national expressways with the national trunk line "five verticals and seven horizontals" that the social and economic mobility of our country has been greatly improved. It should be said that the great development of the whole highway traffic, including expressways, has supported the rapid development of our country’s social economy. At the same time, as a large channel such as expressway, it is beneficial to coordinate the coordinated development between urban and rural areas and regions.

　　Dai Dongchang said that when the United States evaluated the 40th anniversary of the interstate highway, there were two comments. First, it said that the American interstate highway was the engine to promote the economic prosperity and development of the United States in the past 40 years. Second, this American investment in interstate highways is one of the best public investments in history.

　　Dai Dongchang said that with the acceleration and continuous improvement of the construction process of our national expressway network, our national expressway will surely play a greater role.

　　At 10: 00 a.m. on December 18th, the State Council Press Office held a press conference, and asked Weng Mengyong, Vice Minister of Communications, to introduce the planning and implementation of the "five vertical and seven horizontal" national trunk lines and answer reporters’ questions. Also present were Mr. Dong Xuebo, Director of the Comprehensive Planning Department of the Ministry of Communications, and Mr. Dai Dongchang, Director of the Highway Department. Live broadcast by China Network.

Editor: Yu Qingqing

On September 24th, HarmonyOS Zhixing’s first coupe SUV Zhijie R7 was officially released. With the bloody Turing platform equipped with a harder core, the more powerful HUAWEI ADS 3.0 advanced intelligent driving, the unimaginable large space, and many subversive innovations and intelligent black technologies such as the Knock-Knock electric suction box and electric sunshade, Zhijie R7 redefines the product value of the pure electric flagship SUV. At the same time, Xiaoyi, a smart car assistant connected to the big model, will provide you with an outstanding cockpit experience in HarmonyOS. She is a personal car consultant for users and can answer all kinds of car problems professionally. In addition, Xiaoyi’s wisdom ability has been upgraded, which not only supports the free speech of dialects, but also supports the free arrangement of cockpit layout, bringing a continuous leading cockpit experience in HarmonyOS.

Pangu model blessing, xiaoyi incarnation car consultant

With the iterative upgrading of automobile intelligence and the richness of user scenarios, users may face difficulties such as not knowing how to use functions and coping with emergencies in driving and other scenarios, and lack timely guidance on car use. Under the blessing of the big model, Xiaoyi became an intimate car consultant and provided timely professional guidance. When driving in rainy days, you can ask Xiaoyi, "Can I turn on double flashing lights in rainy days?" According to the actual situation and road laws and regulations, the Small Arts Association will give replies and suggestions for the reference of drivers and passengers. At the same time, Xiaoyi can also assist in safe driving, and users can ask Xiaoyi to help turn on the rear fog lights and rearview mirror heating. In addition, the user said in dialect that "the glass is foggy" in a hurry, and Xiaoyi can intelligently turn on the defogging mode.

It is also very important to understand the dashboard when driving, but when rare icons appear, car owners often have to worry. At this time, just ask Xiaoyi "What information is displayed on the instrument", "What’s wrong with my car" and "What is the meaning of the little turtle on the instrument", etc., and Xiaoyi can answer questions for users in time.

Convenient voice car control, small art can Understand and do it

For a long time, the convenient experience of giving instructions to control vehicles through Xiaoyi voice is deeply loved by HarmonyOS Zhixing owners. Whether it is opening and closing the front trunk, opening and closing the sunshade, locking the children’s lock or adjusting the rearview mirror, users can let Xiaoyi help them through voice.

Zhijie R7 first supported Xiaoyi dialect to speak freely, so users can communicate with Xiaoyi directly without setting dialects. Whether traveling by car or with the whole family, voice car control has become more efficient and convenient, and the care in the car is more warm. At present, Xiaoyi has supported Sichuan dialect, Henan dialect, Shandong dialect, Northeast dialect, Tianjin dialect, Shaanxi dialect, Guizhou dialect, Hebei dialect, Changsha dialect and Cantonese dialect.

Intimate and intelligent service, direct access to comfortable space

The unique "child care" scene in the smart scene allows the owner to see the movements of the children in the back row on the front screen without turning his head when driving. When the scene is turned on, the camera automatically tracks the dynamics in the back row, the windows, sunshade, reading lights and atmosphere lights in the second row will be turned off, and the volume of calls, media, navigation and intelligent voices will be adjusted to 10%, creating an intelligent child care space.

With the release of HarmonyOS Zhixing Zhijie R7, the innovative technology and intelligent service of HarmonyOS cockpit won market attention. With the advanced upgrade of AI capabilities, Xiaoyi will continue to provide drivers and passengers with a professional leading and personalized smart travel experience.

In the new energy vehicle market, the cruising range has always been the focus of consumers’ attention. Recently, Hongqi Automobile announced that its new pure electric model EH7 will be officially launched on March 20, with a cruising range of 820km, which is uncommon among models in the same class. Its strong competitor BYD Han EV, as a popular model in the current market, has become the focus of our attention whether its product power can be defeated by Hongqi EH7. This article will analyze the product power of Hongqi EH7 and its sales volume and price after listing.

In terms of appearance, the car adopts a closed front grille shape, and the headlights and air intakes on both sides are well integrated. Its overall shape is the shape of the number "7", but only the upper half can be lit. When the headlights are lit, the whole looks a little awkward. The black grille-shaped air inlet below is also equipped with a millimeter wave radar. The LOGO is different from the classic red flag LOGO, and the new model adopts a new shape.

The lines on the side are relatively round and simple, equipped with red decorative strips on the front fender and hidden door handles, which are fully personalized. The tail adopts the shape of a slippery back and a ducktail. The taillights use their own unique through taillights that extend downward. The lower surrounding decoration makes the car more sporty. The length, width and height of the body size are: 4980mm, 1915mm, 1490mm, and the wheelbase is 3000mm.

The interior part of the car uses a bright integrated special-shaped screen, the dashboard adopts a built-in design, the extended part on the left integrates some of the vehicle’s function buttons, and the right side is connected with a black decorative panel and a central control screen. The central control screen adopts a right-angle trapezoidal design. The air conditioner under the central control screen is equipped with an ambient light bar and a touch button. In order to facilitate the main driver to watch the dashboard with a flattened design around and touch buttons on it, the black-green contrasting interior color that can now be seen looks very young and sporty.

The power part of the car uses a pure electric drive mode, divided into two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive options. The two-wheel drive motor is a single rear motor with a total power of 253kW and a total horsepower of 344 horses. The four-wheel drive version uses the power configuration of the front and rear dual motors. The total power of the motor is 455kW and the total horsepower is 619 horses. Both versions use the ternary lithium battery of Ningde era. Under the CLTC test conditions, the two-wheel drive version has a pure electric battery life of 820km, and the four-wheel drive version has a pure electric battery life of 760km. It only takes 20 minutes to charge from 10% to 80% under fast charging conditions.

In general, Hongqi, as an old car company, is worth encouraging the active exploration and transformation in the pure electric market, but the product strength of its products also depends on its specific performance after listing. Combined with the price of the current models, it is speculated that the price of Hongqi EH7 is about 25-300,000 yuan.

The Taiwanese male star has pulled another one, first Ruan Jingtian, and then Zhou Yumin. It’s a pity. "Song Palace Ci"

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The long-awaited "Song Palace Ci" has finally gone LIVE, but just go LIVE for one day, why did it drop from 6.1 to 4.4? From the beginning of the promotional film, the audience is looking forward to the hit of "Song Palace Ci". After all, Liu Tao and Zhou Yumin are two powerful actors, and there are so many old actors in the play to help out. How can it be a hot drama that people can’t get enough of? Coupled with the leadership of Li Shaohong, a powerful director, the plot of the shooting has to be on par with "Daming Palace Ci".

But often the greater the hope, the greater the disappointment. "Song Palace Ci" has been pulled this time, and even the Taiwanese actor Zhou Yumin has followed suit, giving our Muse Liu Tao something. I also watched two episodes, but it just feels like it. The theme is not very clear, and I don’t know what to watch. You say love, there is no emotional development that makes people look forward to it. You say martial arts, there is nothing worth watching. In short, it is just a sentence. Why do you always feel that there is no plot development to watch?

Deep into the root cause, in fact, it was a failure at the beginning, that is, the female protagonist Liu Tao played the incongruous appearance of the teenage girl, and the acting skills were not to be said, and he also tried his best to play the girl’s expression, but, what should I say, he just couldn’t play the girl’s strength, and he didn’t feel that way when he looked at it. The male protagonist, at first there was a wife at home, and then he brought back a woman. You have to look at the child no matter what, and show your guilt towards the original partner, but no, you didn’t even show much grief when the child was gone. What kind of plot is this, that is your own flesh and blood, why is there no pain at all? You are not acting with feelings, so how can the audience have feelings when they look at it?

In fact, from the state of the male actors in the play, we can see where the shortcomings of Taiwanese male actors lie. The whole thing is not acting. If you are not acting, how can the audience enter the plot? It has to be said that some Taiwanese male actors pay too much attention to superficiality in their acting, which is really a stretch.

01 Zhou Yumin, who can’t hold the role

Since Zhou Yumin dared to act, it showed that he was still more confident in his acting skills. However, in this "Song Dynasty Palace Ci", it can be seen that he did not highlight the characteristics of the characters. Is he still stuck in the play "Meteor Garden"?

In the play, the male protagonist is expressionless, without joy or sadness, without blood or tears. He is long enough to fit the role, but he just can’t grasp the fluctuating emotions of the true feelings of the plot. Judging from his facial expression, he is acting for the sake of acting, not the true feelings.

They were also acting with Liu Tao, but when the mainland actor Hu Ge played Mei Changsu, his expression and posture were very good, so the drama became a classic, and the role starring Zhou Yumin couldn’t be deeply rooted in people’s hearts. It can be seen that Zhou Yumin’s acting skills should be strengthened.

02 Yang Mi, the most prosperous male star in the mainland, is not as prosperous as Ruan Jingtian

There is a saying among netizens that any male actor who plays with Yang Mi will be a big hit. For a long time, Yang Mi has indeed filmed a drama with any male star, and any male star will be popular, because as long as she starred in film and television dramas, she has the characteristics of her own traffic, but there are also unexpected times, that is, Taiwanese actor Ruan Jingtian, he is a special case. A drama with good theme, film, and lineup did not make him popular.

In 2018, the TV drama "Shake" starring Yang Mi and Ruan Jingtian was also highly anticipated by the audience. The drama also attracted traffic due to Yang Mi’s participation, but the final result was rather miserable. In the drama, Ruan Jingtian became the biggest slot, and it has to be said that Ruan Jingtian was also a player in this drama.

Some netizens directly complained that Ruan Jingtian’s acting skills in "Fuyao" are really poor, and some even complained that his appearance is not suitable for this drama. Not only does he look ugly in the drama, but his whole body reveals a sense of injustice. Looking at some obscene temperament, obedience, such a high evaluation, people have to think that Ruan Jingtian, you have to pay attention to the creation of personal image and character, and the eyes of netizens are sometimes sharp!

Since the failure of "Shake", Ruan Jingtian has not produced any good works in the past two years. On the contrary, his negative public opinion has been exposed a lot. For example, the matter between him and Liu Pinyan was exposed.

At that time, there was a lot of chaos in the city, so it was necessary for the male actors to be clean as public figures. After all, the audience still liked male stars full of positive energy, such as Hu Ge. It is said that he has been doing public welfare all these years, and he has no black history.

03 Still eating the overbearing president’s old Mingdao

Ming Dao, as the spokesperson of the earliest overbearing president, played a lot of roles as a young overbearing president. It can be said that he played this role very well. The TV series he participated in these years were also widely loved by everyone, but they were also loved by girls in the 1990s. On the contrary, Ming Dao has also participated in many TV series such as "Actors Please Take Your Place" in recent years.

Compared to the above two people, Ming Dao’s acting skills were still slightly better. Now, he was also slowly transforming into a powerful faction. However, it might be a matter of timing and strength.

From the current situation, it is not difficult to see that the vast number of netizens in the mainland are demanding more and more comprehensive quality of actors. Nowadays, there is still a certain gap between young male actors in Taiwan and young male actors in the mainland. Just like Hu Ge mentioned earlier, he worked harder and did not eat his old money. In order to improve his acting skills, people also went to play plays to train themselves. It can be said that Mei Changsu’s role has made him unsurpassed. There are also a large number of male actors in the mainland, such as Wang Kai, Huang Xuan, Zhu Yawen, Lei Jiayin, etc. They have already made their own masterpieces with their powerful acting skills, and continue to output more and better works steadily.

On the other hand, many male actors in Taiwan are still struggling to improve themselves and are still eating their old money. As the audience’s eyes become higher and higher, it can be said that the concept of eating their old money is no longer good. There are more and more young audiences, and a large number of young actors have emerged later. Whether it is in terms of appearance or acting strength, it can be said that they are relatively excellent. If you want to gain a foothold in such a large competition in the entertainment industry, how can you rely on old money alone?

Nowadays, mainland film and television dramas are developing rapidly, and actors’ salaries are also increasing year by year. Many Taiwanese male stars have come to the mainland to make money, but before coming, they must improve their acting skills! If every time they come, they end in failure, wasting great resources and opportunities! What do you think of this?

Responsible editor:

1905 movie network news China’s first film documentary depicting the 60-year trend of kung fu movies, showing Chinese filmmakers fighting with their lives against Hollywood in an all-round way, creating a golden age of kung fu movies with one punch and one kick. Since it officially landed in major theaters across the country on August 28, it has received praise and recognition from many netizens. At the same time, it has also won a high score of 8.3 points on Douban, becoming the highest score on Douban in the same period.

"Worth watching" "The action is too fierce, it hurts to watch" "The editing is very comfortable" "The soundtrack is very good, I want to know the name of the song at the end"… This film, which gathers the strongest kung fu lineup of Chinese movies, shows the optimistic and unyielding spirit of Dragon Tiger Martial Artist, and can still move and inspire young audiences to this day. Recently, the film launched the theme song MV "Live Like The Last", which sang the life of Dragon Tiger Martial Artist with a relaxed style, and once again touched countless netizens.

Heroes are not allowed to see bald heads! The theme song sings the mental journey of the dragon and tiger martial artist

The theme song "Live Like The Last" was written by Ling Kong (UK) and Chen Shuai, composed and produced by well-known music producer Cui Bo, and sung by sportsman singer Xu Jun. When mentioning the inspiration for the song, Cui Bo, music director of Perfect Youth OST, said that after watching the movie and communicating with the director, he thought he should try to tell a slightly sad past with a cheerful melody to show the fearless optimism of Dragon Tiger martial artist.

The director once revealed in an interview that during the filming of this film documentary, he hoped to make some filming records of the lives of the Dragon and Tiger martial artists today, but they were all rejected. Later, he learned the answer from other industry seniors: Dragon and Tiger martial artists worked hard for the movie when they were young, but now they are old, full of injuries, and their lives are not as good as before, so they don’t want to let others see their painful side, "Dragon and Tiger martial artists believe in a saying: Heroes are not allowed to see white heads."

And the film’s theme song "Live Like The Last" also records this mood: "When I was young, I tried to prove myself and resist the world." "When I grew up, I smoothed the edges and avoided the world’s conflicts." "They say this is life, a fighter when young, a coward when old. Tears and laughter, bitterness and sweetness, enjoy the moment, only this life." The group of Dragon and Tiger martial artists once had a glorious journey of tears and laughter, bitterness and sweetness, which is also in this song in the movie.

The ups and downs are all joking! Dragon Tiger martial artist’s tenacity and unyielding spirit impresses young people

With the theme song of this relaxing melody, the picture of the MV is also wonderful: the camera unfolds from Hong Kong, China under the bright night. From the 1960s to the 1980s, it was the most prosperous era of Hong Kong action movies. A group of people who worked hard for movies and asked for the future without hesitation – Dragon Tiger Martial Artists, also walked into the "battlefield" of life at this time. With the real kung fu of a hard bridge and a hard horse, and the dream of "wanting to make a good movie", they suffered a lot of pain and walked on the edge of adventure countless times. They used countless blood, tears and broken bones to play the glory of Hong Kong movies. Now, looking back on the past, their eyes still shone brightly. In their opinion, they regarded every day as the last day of their lives, cherished every minute and lived every second, and life should be like this.

Everyone who watched the movie was moved by the spirit of the Dragon Tiger Martial Artist, and they left a sincere response on the Internet: "The story is told lightly, and only they understand the sadness and blood and tears behind it." "After watching it, blood and sadness coexist, and tears cannot be stopped." "Someone must always remember these people who created an era." "Thank you to the former Dragon Tiger Martial Artists for bringing us the best martial arts dreams of our youth with their sweat and blood!"

Written by: Listening to the Wind

Reviewer: Kan Second Sister

Editor: Xiao Xiao

It is difficult to say whether it is a curse or the times. In the past 20 years, among the many car companies in China, the success rate of those who want to engage in multi-brand strategies is not very high. But what is interesting is that even if there are so many lessons from the past, there are always car companies who want to test the waters of multi-brand strategies.

Previously, the official Weibo of Geely Automobile Group announced a set of information. On February 23, Geely will officially release the "Geely Brand New Energy Strategy" at the main venue of the Hangzhou Asian Games, and launch Geely’s mid-to-high-end new energy series models. It is reported that the new brand may be named "Galaxy", while the official Weibo of Geometry Automobile seems to reveal that the brand will be named "Galaxy" when forwarding the news.

It is worth noting that Geely Automobile’s current sub-brands are quite rich. In addition to the main brand Geely, it includes many brands such as Extreme Krypton, Lynk, Ruilan, Radar, Geometry, etc. If the acquired brands are included, it will be even richer. Now, with the news of the debut of the "Galaxy" brand, it means that Geely’s huge brand matrix will add another one.

On the surface, the huge brand matrix seems to demonstrate the strength of Geely Automobile, but it is still difficult to determine whether too many sub-brands are good or bad for Geely. As for whether it can break the curse of Chinese car companies’ difficulty in promoting multi-brand strategies, it is even more difficult to judge.

There are many lessons from the past, how did Geely break the game?

Judging from past experience, there are few successful cases of Chinese car companies implementing multi-brand strategies. Among them, Chery, as a pioneer, once formed a multi-brand operation structure including Chery, Kerry, Ruiqi, Wellin, Kaiyi and Qoros. But a cruel reality is that almost all of the above-mentioned brands except Chery have failed, and Chery has also begun to divest sub-brands in the long process of development, and finally only brought Jietu and Xingtu two brands with a certain amount of volume.

A more recent example is Great Wall Motors. Although it formed five brands with Haval, Wei brand, Euler, tank, and Great Wall pickup truck, it was once brilliant. Wei Jianjun, the founder of Great Wall Motors, also once used "our Great Wall Motors and other car companies are different in the path of branding, because we build brands by category" to demonstrate the success at that time.

But a reality that can be seen is that in the organizational restructuring at the end of last year, Great Wall Motors began an all-round resource integration, with only one core, "ONE GWM", that is, a Great Wall. Several of its major brands no longer fight each other, but began to gather resources. And this, to some extent, has subverted the previous business philosophy of Great Wall Motors "one car, one brand, one company".

As for the reasons, it is also easy to understand. Having more children is easy to fight, but it is also more troublesome to divide the family property. Lin Shi, secretary general of the China-Europe Association of Intelligent Networked Vehicles, told the editor of "Dogo Talk Car" that the advantage of the multi-brand strategy is that it can launch more models to meet market demand, and it is also conducive to the sharing of internal resources of car companies. However, at the same time, models are easy to overlap in terms of positioning and price, which forms internal friction. In addition, sub-brands need to add teams in production and service, which requires higher management and marketing requirements for car companies.

What’s more, from the launch of Geely brand and Lynk & Co brand plug-in hybrid models, Geely’s overall electrification is almost inevitable. Whether the emergence of a new brand will plunder the market of Geely’s original new energy brand and fuel vehicle brand, and form internal friction with them, who can predict?

History is strikingly similar, but not today.

Yang Xueliang, senior vice-president of Geely, previously said in an interview: "The mid-to-high-end new energy series has three power forms: pure electric, plug-in hybrid, and extended range hybrid. The new series will adopt a new design language and intelligent configuration, and emphasize user direct connection in operation." According to market news, the positioning of "Galaxy" may be between geometric and polar krypton, focusing on 20-300,000 yuan market.

That is to say, intuitively, Geely’s new brand can be distinguished from Geely’s existing new energy sub-brands, but this may not be the reason why Geely can successfully implement a multi-brand strategy. After all, every Chinese car company that implements a multi-brand strategy has more or less different sub-brands, and even Great Wall Motor’s "category distinction" is more obvious, but Great Wall Motor still chooses resource integration.

As the saying goes, "history is always strikingly similar", Geely’s multi-brand strategy may not necessarily succeed. But as the saying goes, "today is different". A significant difference from previous years is that China’s new energy vehicles have developed very rapidly in recent years, and the new energy vehicle market is also growing rapidly. Data show that the penetration rate of new energy vehicles will increase to 25.6% year-on-year in 2022. There is no doubt that this is a terrible data and an opportunity for Chinese car companies.

In addition, when Chinese automakers pursued multi-brand strategies before, the technology of Chinese automakers was generally average, and the brand perception was relatively low-end. But today is different. Take Geely as an example, its vast architecture has become the cradle of luxury car brands such as smart and Jidu, and its Raytheon Hi-P/F hybrid system has also become a popular choice in the current market. The industry change initiated by new energy vehicles is reshaping the ranking of automakers. Participants believe that they can benefit from it, and Geely is obviously one of them.

However, it may be important to note that even if a multi-brand strategy is implemented, it is still necessary to ensure the strength of the main brand. No matter whether it is Ford, BMW, or Toyota, Tesla, Volvo, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen and other international well-known car companies, there are many sub-brands, but they still have a main brand that can stand alone and even resist fierce competition and changes in the economic cycle. Of course, whether "Galaxy" is a product series or a "brand" is still uncertain, and the meaning of the two is still different.