上海娱乐信息论坛

Japanese version of Three-body

　　On July 4th this year, the Japanese version of Liu Cixin’s science fiction novel "Three-body" was sold out on the first day of its listing in Japan. In just one week, it was printed 10 times, with a printing quantity of 85,000 copies.

　　The success of Liu Cixin’s novels in Japan is not a case. In recent years, the number of Japanese writers and works with world influence is increasing. Science fiction, spy novels, online novels and other types of literature are increasingly influential among foreign readers; In addition to the English-speaking world in Europe and America, the acceptance of China literature by Asian and Eastern European countries is also gratifying. With the more frequent and in-depth literary exchanges between China and foreign countries, it is very important for China literature to better "go global" by understanding the spread and acceptance of China literature overseas.

　　Genre novels are remarkable.

　　In March of this year, China Literature Overseas Development Report (2018) was released, which investigated the overseas spread of China literature in recent years. Yao Jianbin, the editor-in-chief of the Report and a professor at Beijing Normal University, said: "In addition to continuing to focus on traditional pure literary works, many countries have extended their perception to China’s contemporary martial arts novels, mystery novel, mystery novels, tomb-robbing novels and various popular online novels." The international influence of genre novels is constantly improving, and new literary categories such as science fiction, network literature and spy war novels are becoming the windows for overseas readers to understand China literature.

　　"Science fiction literature has become a new business card for China literature to spread overseas." Yao Jianbin said. Science fiction literature not only went out through translation channels, but also realized "going in" to some extent. Through the international awards, foreign library collections, book sales, book reviews and paper research, it can be seen that the overseas dissemination and recognition of China’s science fiction literature, represented by Three-body, are gradually improving.

　　In 2016, The Invisible Planet: Selected Works of Contemporary Science Fiction in China, published by Thor in the United States and reprinted by Zeus in the United Kingdom, and The Wandering Earth, reprinted by Zeus, included the works of Liu Cixin, Chen Qiufan, Cheng Jingbo, Xia Jian and others. In February 2016, Clark World Yearbook: 8 included Cheng Jingbo’s Tomb of Fireflies and Xia Jian’s Old Stories of the Spring Festival in 2044. In July 2016, Best Science Fiction and Fantasy Fiction of the Year: 2016 included Bao Shu’s works. Foreign publishing houses, magazines and literary websites have paid continuous attention to China’s sci-fi works.

　　Online literature is also very popular overseas. China online literature writers have many Korean bosom friends. From 2015 to 2016, with the popularity of China’s online novels such as nirvana in fire, Hua Qiangu, Song in the Cloud, That Starry Sky, Na Pianhai, etc. in Korea’s Asian Economy, an article entitled "330 million people were deeply fascinated, China’s online novels caused a market explosion" pointed out that "China’s online novels have now extended to the whole world and become a window for foreigners to understand China culture and Chinese." Another article in the newspaper, China’s online literature has become the mainstream of the world, highly praised China’s online literature, saying that "China’s online literature is being exported overseas, and there are fanatical fan groups in Russia, the United States, Canada, Britain, the Philippines, Indonesia and Vietnam".

　　Sun Heyun, an associate professor at the School of Foreign Languages and Culture of China Communication University, found that: "Korean readers’ feedback on China’s online literature is very positive, and young readers have discovered a new type of China literature that can be docked without burden." By observing the members’ messages on YES24 website in South Korea, Sun Heyun found that novels such as treading on thin ice, nirvana in fire and Hua Qiangu fascinated Korean readers.

　　The success of Mai Jia’s spy war novels abroad once set off a "wheat whirlwind" overseas. "Compared with pure literary works, foreign publishing houses are quick to attack spy war novels that are partial to popular literature. Such works add new elements to contemporary literature and enrich the ways to know and understand China overseas." Jiang Zhiqin, a professor at Shandong Normal University, pointed out in his research.

　　The popularity of Decryption has also attracted overseas readers’ attention to China’s spy war novels. The works of Chen Haoji, Chen Zijin, Gang Xueyin, Qin Ming and Song Ying have been translated overseas, and the influence of China’s spy war novels cannot be ignored.

　　Towards more minority language areas

　　"In the past, we always paid attention to the spread of China literature in the English-speaking world in Europe and America. In recent years, through various literary exchanges, I found that some small-language countries such as Eastern European countries and Southeast Asian countries are also very interested in China literature. I hope that China’s contemporary literature will have more small-language translations." The editor-in-chief of World Literature said happily.

　　Vietnamese readers have a strong interest in China literature, and the number of translations and introductions of China literature in Vietnam has increased year by year, accounting for a considerable proportion of foreign literary works in Vietnam. From the early 1990s to the early 21st century, there was an upsurge of China literature in Viet Nam. Shen Congwen’s Border Town, Zhang Xianliang’s Half Men Are Women, and Wang Meng’s Heart of an inch of grass have been translated into Vietnam and welcomed by Vietnamese readers. On the one hand, it shows that the two countries are in the same Asian cultural circle, and there are more possibilities for communication in history, politics and folk customs. On the other hand, it is due to the long history of exchanges between Chinese and Vietnamese cultures since ancient times.

　　The spread of China’s contemporary literature in Vietnam also influenced the creation of Vietnamese writers. After winning the Nobel Prize in Literature, Mo Yan’s popularity among Vietnamese writers was further enhanced. According to reports, the novels of contemporary young writers such as Chen Qinghe Phantom, Du Huangyao and Ruan Yuzi in Vietnamese literary circles have more or less adopted the narrative techniques in Mo Yan’s novel "Big Breasts and Fat Buttocks" and have been recognized by Vietnamese readers.

　　"We should pay attention to the translation and dissemination of China literature in Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam. During my contact with Vietnamese cultural circles, I found that they are very eager to understand China’s contemporary literature and hope that more contemporary literature will be introduced to Vietnam." Happy to say.

　　Some key translation projects make the translation and publication of Indian China literature more systematic. At the end of 2015, the "Sino-Indian Classic and Contemporary Works Translation and Publishing Project" was launched in India; In 2016, the Indian translation team was formally established and put into the work translation project. All the Chinese teachers in Indian universities are engaged in translation, which represents the higher level of literary translation in China, India. Contemporary literary works selected for this project include The Dust Settles, Fatigue of Life and Death, White Deer Plain and Shaanxi Opera. The designated publisher of the translation is the National Book Foundation of India, one of the major Hindi and English publishers in India.

　　Zeng Qiong, an associate professor at the School of Asian and African Studies at Beijing Foreign Studies University, believes that "this is a milestone for China literature to go abroad, especially to India."

　　The popularity of China TV series in Thailand has led to the translation of related publications. Some Thai fans who love China literature can’t even wait for the publishers to translate them, so they start translating them themselves. Treading on thin ice, empresses in the palace and legend of miyue are numerous in Thailand, which has promoted the spread of China literature in Thailand.

　　Chinese and foreign translators work together

　　Although the influence of China literature in the world has gradually increased in recent years, it is still far from commensurate with China’s comprehensive national strength and international status. "In the past few decades, China has introduced the best literary works in the world for the first time. The important works of representative writers from various countries have basically been translated into Chinese, while the number of foreign translations of China’s works is quite small." Happy to say.

　　Summarizing the classic cases of overseas communication of China literature, we can find that various publishing projects play an important role. Projects such as Classic China International Publishing Project, Silk Road Scholarly Translation Funding Project and China Contemporary Works Foreign Translation Project have been continuously promoted, and various official and non-governmental organizations have made concerted efforts to let more overseas readers see China’s literary works.

　　"In recent years, through a series of projects to fund and reward China’s book translation and overseas publishing, it has effectively promoted the global sales of multilingual versions of China’s literary works." Yao Jianbin said, "In this process, we should pay more attention to the evaluation and feedback of the project, not only to translate China literature, but also to see whether the translation is good or not and whether foreign readers can see it."

　　In the choice of target countries, writers and publishing circles have a broader vision, no longer just staring at English, French, German and other languages, but also have a world vision. Yao Jianbin believes: "The overseas spread and development of China literature is all-round and global, and cannot be limited to the English-speaking world or the traditional western powers."

　　Cultivating and establishing an excellent team of translators has become a key factor for contemporary literature to better go global. The role of sinologists is irreplaceable. Happy to think: "the team in foreign translation is relatively strong, and sinologists need the advantage of their mother tongue outside Chinese translation. This team is still relatively small."

　　In recent years, through the World Sinology Congress, the International Sinology Translators’ Congress and other Sino-foreign exchange activities, the Chinese Book Special Contribution Award, the Lu Xun Literature Award and other incentive mechanisms, and other measures to train foreign translators studying in China, foreign translators’ understanding of China literature and their enthusiasm for translation are improving. Fu Xuelian, an Italian sinologist, translated Liu Cixin’s Three-body into Italian and published it. Yahya, an Arabic translator, translated the representative works of Xu Zechen and other writers, which was welcomed by the Arabic world.

　　In addition, "it is also very important to establish a stable relationship between writers and translators, brokers or publishers, attach importance to the role of professional online journals and websites, and promote the copyright agent system to enhance the overseas influence of China contemporary literature." Yao Jianbin said.

　　"Culture, including literature itself, is part of the charm of a country and a nation. The process of contemporary literature going overseas is also a process of equal exchange of national cultures. " Happy to say.

　　Although the influence of contemporary literature overseas needs to be strengthened, it has become an important window to show China culture and Chinese charm. (Reporter Zhang Pengyu)

　　The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, which took place in the early 1950s, was a just war for China people to defend peace and resist aggression. In this war, New China and the United States were the main rivals, and they had a comprehensive contest in military, political, economic and diplomatic fields. The people of China won victory and dignity in the face of serious difficulties in all aspects at the beginning of the founding of New China. Looking back at history, we can get inspiration from it and gain the strength to move forward.

　　Stick to the bottom line and dare to fight

　　On the morning of June 25th, 1950, the long-term small-scale armed conflict and friction changed qualitatively on the 38th parallel in the north-south center of the Korean Peninsula, and a large-scale civil war broke out in Korea.

　　The U.S. authorities openly violated the UN Charter’s stipulation that "no intervention is allowed in matters that are essentially within the internal jurisdiction of any country" and immediately sent armed forces to intervene in the Korean civil war. In the absence of new China and the Soviet Union, it manipulated the United Nations Security Council to pass an illegal resolution to form the "United Nations forces" invading the DPRK. At the same time, naval forces were sent to invade the Taiwan Province Strait. At this point, the new China was founded less than a year ago.

　　At the beginning of October, 1950, American troops crossed the 38th parallel and advanced rapidly to the border between China and North Korea, which seriously threatened China’s security.

　　According to the request of the Workers’ Party of Korea and the Korean government and the wishes of the Korean people, the CPC Central Committee and Mao Zedong were far-sighted, scientifically analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of participating in the war, and resolutely made a major strategic decision to resist US aggression and aid Korea and defend the country. On October 8th, Mao Zedong issued an order in the name of the Chairman of the People’s Revolutionary Military Commission of China, "trying to change the northeast border guards to Chinese people’s Volunteer Army, and immediately dispatched them to North Korea, cooperating with the Korean comrades to fight against the aggressors and strive for a glorious victory". Mao Zedong stressed: "In short, we believe that we should participate in the war, and we must participate in the war. The benefits of participating in the war are great, and the damage of not participating in the war is great."

　　When the United States was at its peak, the people of China dared to meet its challenges. This fearless heroism and courage was unique in the world where the phobia of America was prevalent at that time. Facts have proved that the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s decision to send troops is completely correct, which embodies the China people’s will and determination to fight without fear of violence.

　　Flexible and mobile to meet the weakness

　　On October 19th, 1950, Chinese people’s Volunteer Army, led by Peng Dehuai, commander and political commissar, crossed the Yalu River from Dandong, Changdian Estuary and Ji ‘an respectively, and marched into the territory of North China, starting the great war to resist US aggression and aid Korea.

　　Faced with the extreme disparity in equipment between the enemy and ourselves and the situation after the US troops crossed the 38th parallel, Mao Zedong and Peng Dehuai made a study on October 13th and 14th before the volunteers were dispatched, and decided that after the volunteers entered the DPRK, they would fight the defensive war first and then the counterattack. However, after the volunteers began to enter the DPRK on October 19, the situation on the Korean battlefield has undergone major changes.

　　▲ Profile photo: After Chinese people’s Volunteer Army entered the DPRK, Chairman Mao and Peng Dehuai, commander of the Volunteers, exchanged telegrams for many times to analyze the situation. According to the major changes in the battlefield situation in Korea, they decided to change the original plan and annihilate the enemy by means of mobile warfare. The picture shows Peng Dehuai (first from left) presiding over a combat meeting on the Korean front.

　　The direction of war changes according to the situation. Mao Zedong and Peng Dehuai exchanged telegrams for many times to analyze the situation, and decided to change the original campaign plan and annihilate the enemy by means of mobile warfare, "striving for all possible victories on the basis of stability and reliability". At the same time, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the headquarters of the Volunteers judged that the "United Nations Army" headed by the US military was unaware of the dispatch of the Volunteers. MacArthur didn’t take China seriously and didn’t believe that China really dared to resist. He deployed a "triumphant offensive before Christmas" and asserted that "let the troops go home before Christmas." Mao Zedong said at that time that the more arrogant, conceited and ambitious MacArthur was, the better it would be for us.

　　Subsequently, the volunteers quickly grasped the characteristics of the battlefield, promptly seized the enemy’s misjudgment and weaknesses that did not adapt to our army’s night fighting, melee and encirclement and circuitous operations, and quickly concentrated superior forces in local areas, marching and fighting for 13 days and nights in a row, and repelled the crazy attacking enemy from the Yalu River to the south of the Qingchuan River, killing more than 15,000 people. Volunteers crushed MacArthur’s arrogant attempt to occupy all Korea and end the Korean War on Thanksgiving Day, and won the first battle.

　　Flexible strategy and tactics are the magic weapon for our army to win and the powerful weapon for China people to defeat the world’s number one military power with inferior equipment in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. History has proved that to compete with a strong enemy, we must avoid its sharp edge, attack its soft spot, change according to the situation, make full use of our strength, give full play to our strengths, and strike and consume the enemy with the local advantages of rapid gathering until victory is achieved.

　　Active layout to reverse the war situation

　　The victory of the first battle of the volunteers into the DPRK did not greatly change the whole battlefield situation, and the volunteers still did not gain a foothold in the DPRK. The "United Nations Army" led by the US military has not been hit hard to the point of passive defense, and will launch a large-scale attack on the volunteers at any time.

　　On November 4, 1950, Mao Zedong and Peng Dehuai were in the rear and in the front, at the same time, they realized that the United States might carry out a powerful counterattack and telephoned each other to discuss their coping strategies. The battle plan studied by Peng Dehuai and the leaders of the headquarters of the Volunteers shows that the Volunteers are prepared to take the initiative to lay out the battlefield, withdraw the main force to the familiar areas after the first battle to rest and build a counterattack position, lure the enemy into depth and ambush and panic in the air. This strategic consideration is the development of Mao Zedong’s thought of establishing a defense line in the south of Tokugawa and Ningyuan highway lines before the volunteers entered the DPRK, with the aim of fundamentally reversing the Korean war situation and mastering the strategic initiative.

　　After the US military occupied Pyongyang, the United States was immersed in the joy that the Korean War was about to "win". At this time, "Americans can only listen to the sound of victory." When the "United Nations Army" was suddenly and quickly attacked by the volunteers in the first battle, they were unwilling to admit the fact that the volunteers participated in the war, thinking that the Koreans who appeared in North China were probably sporadic volunteers.

　　After several discussions, the US military and political authorities made the wrong decision to occupy the whole of China by force, even though they were not sure about the intention of the Volunteers to participate in the war. Bradley, chairman of the American Chiefs of Staff, later said in his memoirs: On the important days from November 2 to 9, "we looked through the materials and sat down to think carefully, but unfortunately we made ridiculous conclusions and decisions." On November 24th, MacArthur ordered a "general offensive" and publicly announced his general offensive plan to the press, saying that the goal of military occupation of all Korea could be achieved immediately. However, what he didn’t expect was that the volunteers had quietly surrounded his troops.

　　On the evening of November 25th, the volunteers on the western front suddenly launched a counterattack against the enemy. At first, they aimed at the weak links of the Eighth Army of the United States, concentrated their efforts to encircle and annihilate the two divisions of the Second Army of South Korea, which had weak fighting capacity in attacking the right wing, and opened the battle gap. Then, they concentrated the 38th Army and the 42nd Army, and made a detour to the rear of the Eighth Army of the United States, cutting off the retreat of the Ninth Army of the United States from the south, and surrounded its main force on three sides by the Qingchuan River centered on Guichuan and Junyuli. MacArthur couldn’t figure out where so many volunteer troops came from, and the "United Nations Army" he played was confused, which made his plan to annihilate the volunteers and hit the Yalu River burst in an instant, and turned to anxiously command the troops to escape from the encirclement of the volunteers.

　　The second campaign completely shattered MacArthur’s "last" offensive to end the Korean War and return to China at Christmas, repelled the frenzied enemy to the south of the 38th parallel, recovered Pyongyang and annihilated more than 36,000 enemies. Bradley wrote in his memoirs: From October 31 to the end of December, "these 60 days are the most severe test moment of my professional military career … … The Korean War unexpectedly changed from victory to humiliating defeat — — The most shameful failure in the history of our army. " MacArthur determined that "the attack must be transferred to the defense".

　　The failure of the "United Nations Army" is fundamentally the failure of the decision-making of the military and political authorities in the United States. It is that they regard their national strength and military power as powerful and blindly use force to subdue bring disgrace to oneself in China. The key to victory is that the people of China can turn the tide of the war, not be afraid of powerful enemies, take the initiative to set up the battlefield in the theater they are familiar with, confuse the enemy with superb strategies and tactics, and lure the enemy into our preset grand strategy of encirclement and suppression of the battlefield. History has proved that we can’t deal with a strong enemy passively. On the basis of in-depth study and grasping the characteristics and laws of the enemy and ourselves, we must take the initiative to set up a game, "invite you to the urn" and gather the best to annihilate the enemy.

　　Despise arrogance to promote talk.

　　By June 1951, after five battles, the battlefield forces of the enemy and ourselves had tended to be balanced, and the front was stable in the north and south of the 38th parallel, resulting in a stalemate in the war.

　　The American military and political authorities found that by May 1951, the United States had paid more than 100,000 casualties and more than 10 billion dollars in direct war expenses for this war, but it was a very difficult situation. In order to ease the contradictions between the United States and its allies and safeguard the key interests of the United States — — In the interest of Europe, on May 16th, the National Security Council of the United States met and adopted a policy memorandum on North Korea, which determined that the ultimate goal of the United States in North Korea was to establish a favorable defense line in the 38th parallel and seek to conclude an armistice agreement.

　　The CPC Central Committee and Mao Zedong decided to implement the policy of talking while playing, and to carry out political struggle and military struggle simultaneously. On the one hand, they were prepared to hold negotiations with the United States to strive for a truce and withdrawal with the 38th parallel as the boundary; On the other hand, they have no illusions about the success of the negotiations. They must make long-term and lasting military plans and smash any attack by the "United Nations Army" with resolute military strikes to cooperate with the smooth progress of the armistice negotiations.

　　On August 18th, the "United Nations Army" started an air offensive and a ground offensive against me to cooperate with the negotiations on the military demarcation line. In the summer and autumn defense campaign in 1951, the Volunteers and the Korean People’s Army killed and wounded more than 157,000 prisoners of the "United Nations Army", and the Volunteers suffered more than 33,000 casualties. The "United Nations Army" only occupied 646 square kilometers of land at the cost of heavy casualties, far from achieving the goal of demanding that the volunteers and the Korean People’s Army withdraw from 12,000 square kilometers during the negotiations. Therefore, the "United Nations Army" had to return to the negotiating table for negotiations.

　　On November 23, after the DPRK-China representative put forward the plan of military demarcation line, the two sides reached an agreement based on the DPRK-China plan to "take the existing actual contact line of both sides as the military demarcation line, and each side retreated 2 kilometers to establish the demilitarized zone during the military armistice". On October 8, 1952, the United States unilaterally announced that the armistice negotiations would be adjourned indefinitely.

　　At the end of 1952, after dwight eisenhower was elected president of the United States, the American authorities were planning a large-scale military adventure. In order to prevent the "United Nations Army" from landing in the north of Korea, the Volunteers and the Korean People’s Army made large-scale anti-landing preparations. On the frontal front of the east and west coasts of Korea, they dug 8090 tunnels and 720 kilometers, dug trenches and traffic trenches for 3100 kilometers, and built anti-airborne and anti-tank positions, completely changing the fragile situation of the fortifications on the east and west coasts of Korea. It urged the American authorities and the "United Nations Army" to abandon the attempt of large-scale landing adventure and resume the armistice negotiations unilaterally interrupted for half a year on April 26, 1953.

　　On June 8, the chief representatives of the two sides formally signed an agreement on the repatriation of prisoners of war. By June 18th, all the preparations before the armistice had been completed. However, on the 18th, the South Korean Li Chengwan Group forcibly detained the captured Korean People’s Army personnel in the name of "on-the-spot release", thus undermining the armistice agreement and arousing strong international repercussions.

　　On June 20th, the DPRK-China delegation called for an adjournment of the talks to protest against Li Chengwan’s sabotage. At the same time, from June 24th to July 27th, the Volunteer Army and the Korean People’s Army launched an attack on the front 25km position defended by the South Korean Army, killing more than 78,000 people and recovering 192.6km2 of positions, severely punishing the Li Chengwan Group and deepening the internal contradictions in the United States. Next, Eisenhower put pressure on Li Chengwan, and mark clark, the third commander-in-chief of the United Nations Army, gave up. On July 27th and 28th, 1953, Clark, Kim Il Sung and Peng Dehuai signed the armistice agreement in Wenshan, Pyongyang and Kaesong, and the Korean armistice was realized. At this point, the armistice negotiations that lasted for two years and one month came to an end, and the China People’s War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea that lasted for two years and nine months ended successfully.

　　Clark wrote in his memoirs: "I became the first commander of the U.S. Army who signed an unsuccessful armistice treaty in history, and I felt disappointed and painful. I think my predecessors, General MacArthur and General Li Qiwei, must feel the same way. "

　　What you can’t get on the battlefield, you can’t get at the negotiating table. Talking while fighting makes the United States feel that the war will only bring more losses to itself if it drags on. They had to formally sign a military armistice agreement with the DPRK in Panmunjom.History has proved that we can’t get any luck in fighting a strong enemy, and we must abandon our illusions in order to force the enemy to go to peace talks with unbearable losses.(The author is the political assistant of the Evaluation and Demonstration Research Center of the Academy of Military Sciences)

According to the British "Sun" report, Cristiano Ronaldo won the B seat, because B seat supported Messi to win the golden ball. The World Cup was not good, and Portugal lost to Morocco unexpectedly. Cristiano Ronaldo and coach Sanchez have contradictions. After Sanchez’s class, Cristiano Ronaldo did not send a blessing. There are also contradictions between C Ronaldo and B seats. B seats supported Messi to win the Golden Globe Award in the interview, which caused C Ronaldo’s dissatisfaction.

C Ronaldo’s behavior attracted a lot of dissatisfaction and criticism from B-seat fans.

Coincidentally, recently, Cristina Cristina, Cristiano Ronaldo’s girlfriend, shared a video of twerking on social media, which attracted dissatisfaction and protest from local netizens in Saudi Arabia.

Because Saudi Arabia is a religious conservative country, it has strict rules on women’s dress and behavior. This dance video of Georgina is considered to be inconsistent with Saudi culture and values, which has attracted many netizens’ criticism and condemnation. Some Saudi netizens have expressed their dissatisfaction and protest against Georgina on social media, saying that her behavior is a manifestation of disrespect for Saudi culture and religious beliefs, and some people have called for boycotting #C Ronaldo # and his girlfriend. In addition, C Ronaldo’s previous touching behavior on the stadium also attracted the dissatisfaction and criticism of Saudi fans, and even a local female lawyer issued a document calling on the Saudi authorities to expel C Ronaldo from the country! !

Inspired by recent biological discoveries, researchers have developed a new model that shows enhanced memory performance. This is achieved by modifying a classic neural network. Computer models play a key role in studying the process of making and retaining memories and other complex information in the brain. However, building this model is a delicate task.

The intricate interaction between electrical and biochemical signals and the connection network between neurons and other cell types create the basic structure for the formation of memory. Nevertheless, due to the limited understanding of the basic biology of the brain, it has proved to be a difficult task to code the complex biology of the brain into a computer model for further study.

Researchers at Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) improved the widely used memory computer model (called Hopfield Network) by incorporating biological insights. This change has inspired a neural network, which not only better reflects the connection between neurons and other cells in the brain, but also has the ability to store more memories.

Thomas Burns, a doctoral student in the group of Professor Zhishu Shenjing, who is the head of OIST’s neurocoding and brain computing department, said that the increased complexity in the network makes it more realistic.

"Why is there so much complexity in biology? Memory may be one reason, "Mr. Burns said.

In the classical Hopfield network (left), each neuron (I, J, K, L) is connected with other neurons in pairs. In the improved network made by Burns and Professor Shenjing, three or more groups of neurons can be connected at the same time. Source: Thomas Burns (OIST)

Hopfield network stores memory as a weighted connection pattern between different neurons in the system. The network is "trained" to encode these patterns, and then researchers can test its memory of these patterns by presenting a series of vague or incomplete patterns to see if the network can recognize them as patterns it already knows. However, in the classical Hopfield network, the neurons in the model are connected with other neurons in the network to form a series of so-called "paired" connections.

Paired connections represent the connection between two neurons at the synapse, which is the connection point between two neurons in the brain. But in reality, neurons have complex branching structures called dendrites, which provide multiple connection points, so the brain relies on more complex synaptic arrangements to complete its cognitive work. In addition, the connections between neurons are regulated by other cell types called astrocytes.

Burns explained: "There are only paired connections between neurons in the brain, which is simply unrealistic. He created an improved Hopfield network, in which not only pairs of neurons, but also three, four or more groups of neurons can be connected, such as astrocytes and dendritic trees in the brain. "

Although the new network allows these so-called "collective" connections, on the whole, it contains the same number of connections as before. The researchers found that a hybrid network with paired connections and collective connections performed best and retained the most memory. They estimate that its effect is more than twice that of the traditional Hopfield network.

It turns out that you actually need to balance the combination of various features to some extent, Burns said. A single synapse is necessary, but you should also need some dendritic trees and some astrocytes.

Hopfield networks are very important for simulating brain processes, but they also have powerful other uses. For example, a very similar network type called Transformers is a language tool based on artificial intelligence, such as ChatGPT, so the improvements identified by Burns and Professor Shenjing may also make such tools more powerful.

Burns and his colleagues plan to continue to study their modified Hopfield networks to make them more powerful. For example, in the brain, the connection strength between neurons is usually different in two directions, so researchers want to know whether this asymmetric feature can also improve the performance of the network. In addition, he also wants to explore ways to make the memories of the network interact, just as they do in the human brain. Our memory is multifaceted and huge. We still have a lot to discover. "

Messi assists Mbappé in the lore.

In the early morning of March 12th, Beijing time, brest played at home in the 27th round of Ligue 1 against Paris Saint-Germain. As there are probably four relegation teams in Ligue 1 this season, brest ranks 15th, but only one point ahead of the relegation zone. In terms of total value, the Paris team is as high as 890 million, while brest is only 80 million.

In the 37th minute of the game, Messi instigated the attack, and Mbappé shot hard and was saved, but the ball was not far away, and Sohler made up the shot to break the goal.

In the 44th minute, brest got the chance through a simple long pass, and Hornot faced the defense of the two men and shot from a small angle to equalize the score.

In the 90th minute, Messi sent a wonderful assist, Mbappé passed the goalkeeper and finished the lore. Messi completed the milestone of 300 assists and Mbappé scored 2000 goals.

In the end, Paris beat brest 2-1 away, got rid of the depression of the Champions League and ushered in a four-game winning streak.

At 22: 30 pm on March 11th, Bayern beat augsburg 5-3 in the 24th round of the Bundesliga.

In the second minute, Berisha turned and shot low, hitting the ball into the lower right corner of the goal. Sommer couldn’t save it, and Bayern scored 0-1.

In the 16th minute, Sane divided the ball to the right in front of the penalty area. Cancelo caught the ball and entered the penalty area. He swung past the defender’s right foot and volleyed at a small angle. Bayern equalized the score 1-1.

In the 19th minute, Manet passed the ball with a barb on the right side of the penalty area, and pawar shot the ball in front of the door. Bayern overtook augsburg 2-1.

In the 35th minute, Bayern’s right corner kicked into the penalty area, and Delicht grabbed the header in the middle, and the goalkeeper flew to save the ball. pawar’s right foot volley in front of the door scored twice, and Bayern scored 3-1 augsburg.

In the 45th minute, Manet volleyed his left foot from the restricted area and was saved. Sanet headed into the empty net in front of the door, and Bayern led augsburg 4-1.

In the 55th minute, Berisha took the penalty. He tricked Sommer into hitting the right side of the goal and scored twice. augsburg was 2-4 behind Bayern.

In the 74th minute, Bayern made a reactionary fast break after stealing in the frontcourt. Cancelo passed the back point on the right side of the penalty area, Alfonso Davidson volleyed the goal, and Bayern led augsburg 5-2.

In the 93rd minute, Vargas made a high-speed dash with the ball on the left, and came to the front of the bottom line on the left side of the penalty area. cardona followed him and scored a goal. augsburg scored 3-5 Bayern.

Bayern started: 27- Sommer, 2- Yu Pamekano, 4- Driget (83′ 23-Blind), 5- pawar, 19- Alfonso-Davies (77′ 40- Mazravi), 22- Cancelo, 6- kimmich, 7- Gnabry (71′ 25-Muller).

Augsburg starting: 1- Ji Chivici, 2- Gumny (46′ 22-Yago), 6- Gouweleeuw, 23- Bauer, 3- pedersen, 27- engers (46′ 13- Rexbeke), 14- Baumgartlinger, 10-A- Mayer (77′ 34

After the mobile phone market has been shuffled, it is already a game of giants. The share of major manufacturers is relatively stable. The market continues to force, and the online market has also launched a sub-brand to deal with, for example, there is no price-effective Vivo, IQOO has a strong good hand, from the entry to the high end, there are different gear products, such as the iQOO Z5, the author, the author saw it has 1439 yuan "true price", still worth it Purchase.

As an entry product, iQOO Z5 is very good, equipped with the Snapdragon 778G processor, supplemented by LPPDR5 + UFS3.1, and therefore called "full blood version", performance is more than other divo dragons 778G, Especially when the game and big file read / write speed, when installing the download app, there will be a certain advantage, using a 6.67-inch LCD screen, support 120Hz refresh rate, support DC dimming and Rhine TUV low blue-ray certification, show the effect in the overall size.

The battery life is also the selling point of the machine, built-in 5000mAh big battery, does not play games, one day can not be a problem, 44W flash charge can meet the needs of users, the back is 64 million + 8 million +2 million pixels Support 10x digital zoom, up to 4K video recording, although than many high-end flagships, but in the thousand-yuan machine, the Z-axis motor and stereo donkey blessing, also make it a good audio and video experience .

In terms of appearance, IQOO Z5 is a hidden opening screen, and the COF package has made it a lot of width in the chin, so it looks very coordinated, the back camera is a common rectangular module, but the three color matching have their own craft, "blue The origin of the origin is heavier, "Boli Chen" is not easy to contaminate the fingerprint, and "dream space" is more interested, similar to the design of the Roman column, so that the entire rear cover has three-dimensional, with a certain gradient treatment, The value is quite high.

Overall, the ethnographic performance on the market is good, and the major manufacturers have a model worth considering. It is like a red rice with Note10 Pro this all-round player, and there is a 120W fast charge like Note11 Pro +, OPPO home Realme There are also several real sauce machines, of course, comprehensive price, configuration, appearance, I still prefer iQOO Z5, third-party platforms, only 1400 yuan, more than 400 yuan than official channels, everyone thinks cost-effective, welcome to messages.